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Original Wang Caiyong Fudan Youth

Not just books, not just reading. Reading takes books as a springboard to lead to the main body of the article, deeply analyzes the connotation of each book, and builds a bridge between each author and readers.

Abstract and Empathy, written by German art historian Wilhelm Worringer (1881-1965), is a classic of aesthetics, which successfully opened the door to modern art. Today, there is no doubt that we have regarded abstraction or formalization as the basic elements of modern art. However, in the history of modern art development, how did abstraction successfully replace empathy? Wallinger’s book gives an in-depth exposition and analysis from the psychological point of view. More importantly, it not only discusses the two artistic methods of "abstraction" and "empathy", but also explains many concepts and ideas in art, which leads us to a new understanding of artistic style.

Wang caiyong

Chinese Translator of Abstraction and Empathy

Professor Wang Caiyong, Doctoral Supervisor, Chinese Department, Fudan University

His research direction is literature and art.

Interview and arrangement of Fudan young reporter Yuan Suying, Yin Yixin and Yang Yue

Written by Xiao Shufang, a young reporter from Fudan University

Fudan Young Reporter Yang Junyao Editor

▲ "Abstraction and Empathy" 2010 edition back cover/photo by Xiao Shufang

First, what is "abstraction" and "empathy"?

This book was written at the beginning of the 20th century, a historical period when modern art began to develop in all directions. At that time, the theory of empathy was still dominant in the art theory circle.

The modern theory of empathy can be traced back to the contemporary aesthetics, which took the decisive first step from aesthetic objectivism to aesthetic subjectivism. Empathy advocates that "aesthetic enjoyment is an objective self-enjoyment", which is characterized by "pondering the self itself in a perceptual object different from the self, that is, moving the self into the object". The book gives an example: the depth of color does not depend on the color itself, but on our feelings about the color. Our inner activities, inner life and self-realization are simply "feelings", which are the decisive factors of aesthetic activities. It pays attention to "organic beauty" and takes general apperception activities as a prerequisite. "apperception" is a basic psychological theory in the educational thoughts of Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776-1841), a German philosopher and psychologist, and was first put forward by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716). It mainly depends on the influence of the existing content in the mind. Through apperception, people understand, remember and think about the concept of mutual union, so that advanced thinking activities can be completed. German psychologist and aesthetician Lipps (1851-1914) and Karl Groos (1861-1946) are all supporters of this theory.

Wallinger was keenly aware that "Empathy Theory" is no problem to explain the mainstream art styles since ancient Greece and Renaissance, but it is obviously no longer applicable to the emerging modern art. Although modern art has not been fully formed in the early 20th century, it has already appeared a remarkable feature-abstraction or formalization. In line with the changes of art itself, artistic theories and principles should also be adjusted or even subverted, which is the theme of this book-abstract aesthetics.

Abstraction is to reproduce the essence of an object in the human mind by using concepts through analysis and synthesis. Abstract aesthetics starts from people’s abstract impulse, and it pays attention to inanimate "inorganic beauty", in which people are satisfied.

Taking architecture as an example, the basic function of the pyramid is the tomb, which "is subject to utilitarian purposes as a three-dimensional creation"; On the other hand, it exists as a symbol that stands on a broad plane, has a wide range of functions and is full of pleasant content, and the original utilitarian purpose takes a back seat. It puts great emphasis on "the clear expression of material personality, strict geometric regularity and the transformation of three-dimensional characteristics into plane impression", which is abstraction.

Abstraction and empathy are not completely opposite. Although Wallinger emphasized the central role of abstract principle in modern art, he admitted that the combination of empathy and abstraction "can become an all-encompassing aesthetic system".

▲ "Abstraction and Empathy" Jincheng Publishing House 2019 cover/Source: Network

Second, reverse thinking: moving towards the core of modern art along the ancient art.

Teacher Wang pointed out at the beginning that although the title of the book juxtaposes "abstraction" with "empathy", it just wants to tell readers that there are these two links in art. In fact, the book only regards "empathy" as a concept corresponding to "abstraction" and serves abstraction. Of course, this does not mean that the Greek tradition of empathy will be completely marginalized. According to the development of art since ancient Greece, "Empathy Theory" is widely understood and accepted, while "Abstraction Theory" has little influence. In order to balance, Wallinger emphasizes abstraction in his writing.

The purpose of Wallinger’s writing this book is to demonstrate "how contemporary aesthetics based on empathy abstract concept is inconsistent with the vast art history", especially with modern art, and finally reveal the key significance of abstract aesthetics. Ingeniously, Wallinger did not directly refute the "Empathy Theory" from the perspective of modern art, but discussed the ancient art from ancient Egypt through the late Rome to the Byzantine period. The premise of this idea is that ancient Egyptian, late Roman and Byzantine art is similar to modern art in one important respect-different from mainstream ancient Greek art, Wallinger believes that the reason why "non-mainstream" ancient art is ignored by people is precisely because they are based on abstract needs and deviate from the empathy track. If we can fully explain and analyze the abstract artistic psychology in ancient art represented by ancient Egypt, late Rome and Byzantine art, and show the great expressive force of abstract art, then we can effectively point to similar modern art, thus demonstrating the value and aesthetic basis of modern art.

In addition, at that time, modern art did not fully show its own form and style, which belonged to "new art". At this time, it is difficult to tell the problem clearly by simply starting from a young art itself, especially to provide strong evidence for explaining the position of abstract psychology in the future development of modern art.

On the contrary, because of this, the book Abstraction and Empathy is not only of great significance for establishing the abstract principle in modern art, but also "shows the rationality of modern art at that time"; It also explains "the existing value of ancient art that has not been fully valued by future generations", which inspires us to pay more comprehensive and objective attention to the history of art development.

Third, the proposal of "abstract theory"

Empathy theory holds that empathy activity is a prerequisite for artistic creation under any circumstances. However, as long as we look at "the huge artistic synthesis that breaks through the narrow artistic framework", we will find that this speculation is untenable and we must introduce some other concepts to explain art.

Wallinger thought about how to make the term "abstraction" and its confrontation with empathy widely understood and accepted. As a result, he borrowed well-known concepts such as "style" and "naturalism", which is a shortcut.

In the 1960s, Gottfried Semper ,1803-1879), a German art theorist and architect, published the book "Style in Technology and Structural Art", which concentrated on the characteristics that the theory about the origin of artistic works in the 19th century was mainly based on the materialistic viewpoint. This feature leads to the neglect of the intrinsic nature of works of art and the focus on the subsidiary elements of works.

Wang Caiyong pointed out that "style" was originally based on the history of literature and art, as a symbol to divide the groups of works and artists, but Wallinger thought that "style" was refined by artists, not a natural form. Whether it is literary or visual art works, it is the result that artists integrate their subjective feelings into the form. "Style" in this sense is not the same as naturalism. It has its own "feeling" in it, that is, the subjective processing of the creator is extracted from the given form of nature, which corresponds to "abstraction".

Later, an Austrian art historian named riegel (1858-1905) lashed out at Semper’s theory and put forward the second concept we want to talk about-"artistic will".

"’artistic will’ is will in English, and different people will have different wills. Riegel was the founder of the Viennese School, which was a very influential school in the study of European art history at that time. Wallinger cited his concept. To better understand "artistic will", we can start with "formal will". The formal characteristics of visual art works, even the works of artists from the same genre or even the works of the same artist in different periods, are different in color and movement.’ Formal will’ is to analyze why this is the case. Simply put, it is why artists want to do this, and of course it is not arbitrary. Whether an artist, a group, a nation or a country has a specific will and a specific form will. Will is caused by various factors, for example, for an individual, that is, his experience, emotions, thoughts and psychology, and so on. Wallinger did not discuss this in depth in the book. If you want to continue to dig, you can see riegel’s systematic exposition. "

Hegel also had the view that "absolute spirit is also an objective". Is it related to artistic will? Teacher Wang Caiyong’s answer is:

"Vienna school’s era is a little later than Hegel’s, but such association is possible. Because Hegel repeatedly emphasized the idea-idea, which is objective and universal, and does not depend on human will, the point that "artistic will" used by the Vienna School is "not determined by people at will" is actually consistent with Hegel’s objective spirit. In addition, the important point of Hegel’s objective spirit is that it precedes the social trend and is ontological. However, artists do not go deep into the ontological level to elaborate. They just want to use "artistic will" to show the pursuit, surge or instinct of society and individuals, which can be ideological, psychological, physical, cultural and so on. These are gathered in artistic creation and form, which is the formal will. "

The fourth concept is "naturalism". Wang believes that this is actually a reflexive pronoun, the nominative case can be "I", "you", "he" or "person", and the objective case is "self", which is the meaning of this word. "Empathy" holds that artistic phenomenon, or the form of artistic works, is to move oneself into the object. Here, "oneself" is people’s feeling and perception of the world in which they live. Its direct manifestation can be called "naturalism". "The so-called naturalism means that when we see what the world looks like in the natural sense, it is directly reflected in the works according to this appearance. Naturalism, as an artistic way or artistic trend, points out that the "form" in the created works comes directly from natural behavior. Here we should pay attention to the difference with "imitation instinct". Imitation instinct is a very broad concept, which is related to naturalism but not the same. If naturalism is only understood as imitating instinct, there will be problems. "

Of course, art history still has different views on naturalism. Naturalism is a genre in the history of European art, and there will be some differences within the genre, which Wallinger ignored in his explanation. The purpose of associating empathy with naturalism is to explain the problem more clearly.

Wang Caiyong added that Wallinger used style to correspond to abstraction and naturalism to correspond to empathy. Perhaps this statement is absolute, but it effectively illustrates the characteristics of "abstraction" and "empathy" in art.

Iv. Nation and Art

Specific works of art and artists often converge at some larger level-genre, nation and country. "Nation and Art" is a very important piece in Wallinger’s book. He saw the inequality of artistic talent among nations. So, what causes the inequality of artistic talent among nations? What has influenced a nation’s artistic will? Teacher Wang gave two key words, artistic will and material, based on the contents of the book:

"Artistic talent can be understood as a talent for creating artistic forms, which is directly related to its artistic will. Art forms are placed in front of nations or individuals, which triggers their artistic impulse and artistic creation. For an individual and even a nation, material factors will affect its artistic talent to a certain extent. If a person can’t even meet the basic needs of food and clothing, he will have no intention and can’t achieve anything in art. The satisfaction of material needs is the basis of forming artistic will. This truth is also true for the whole nation. A poor nation will not want to create pure forms of art to entertain itself. "

This is why the book says that "a nation’s artistic will has been the most pure expression in decorative arts".

Wang further explained this: "Decorative art is different from other arts, it is a purely formal art.". Painting a complete plant is not decorative art, but rather naturalistic art or imitation instinct. If you put a flower on a plate or a wall instead of where it should be, although you still see a flower, it has broken away from its function as a plant and become a purely formal thing. Daily life is not pure. Of course, aesthetic talent is not pure form, and there are functions and content considerations in it, which cannot be fully reflected by decorative arts. "

The book emphasizes that the formal structure in artistic will is "regular", such as painting, which can be figurative or abstract, but the figuration must have gone through a certain abstract process and there are rules in modeling. Related to rules is "law"-refers to how artistic will is born. Teacher Wang pointed out that we can examine the relationship between art and nation along these two dimensions.

Abstraction and Empathy defines the artistic will of the nation by analyzing its general mental state, discusses the style characteristics of national artistic works, and makes a detailed interpretation of the issue of "nation and art", from which all nations and countries may get enlightenment when thinking about their own national art.

Five, Wallinger’s pioneering.

Wallinger can be said to have established its own new system. He told people that there is not only empathy in artistic activities, but also another way that cannot be ignored-abstraction. After Wallinger, modern European art began with expressionism and flourished. Expressionism focuses on expressing inner feelings, rather than imitating the form of the object described. In the process of connecting the old with the new, voegelin’s theory had an important response.

Some people think that "Wallinger’s theory not only fills the gap in the aesthetic theory of empathy in the west before, but also predicts the future development direction of art". Wang Caiyong pointed out the cognitive deviation. He said that the viewpoint of this book is not as "great" as expected. The cases analyzed in the book all happened before Wallinger, but the French Impressionism, which has been recognized at the same time, has not been mentioned at all. There are also some schools with less influence than Impressionism, such as French symbolism in Odilon Redon (1840-1916) and China’s young de stijl, which have received little attention. They all started to develop in the second half of the 19th century, but it was only in expressionism that the abstractism was completely brought out and said. As a professor of art history, Wallinger certainly knew something about these things, but he didn’t take them as the basis.

There is also a saying that "empathy theory is more suitable for artistic appreciation, and abstract theory is more used and analyzed for artistic creation". Wang Caiyong said that he disagreed with this view. "Not only I don’t agree, but also Wallinger doesn’t agree.". He said that the concept of "empathy" is really easier for people to grasp and appreciate this matter when it is used in appreciation, but it is a very subjective interpretation to say that the concept of "abstraction" cannot be used to appreciate this behavior, which is far from the original meaning of this book. Here in Wallinger, the two concepts are not limited to appreciation or analysis of works. He is talking about two ways of people’s artistic activities. Art activities include not only the creation of artists, but also reading, appreciation, criticism, analysis and so on. In artistic activities, it is inseparable from watching works and feeling and perception of works. Feeling or perception sometimes occurs in the form of empathy and sometimes in the form of abstraction. These two ways are not either one or the other, and sometimes they can exist at the same time, just the difference in their share.

Although this book failed to realize the "anticipation" of the future art development, it still caused people to think about the universality of contemporary art: Is this universality possible? Teacher Wang Caiyong gave his speculation.

"From an idealistic point of view, I certainly hope to find it," he said. "In fact, it depends on the individual artist. On the one hand, contemporary artists should be clear about the inner desire of contemporary people, which includes what people have shown and what they have not shown, that is, to see their conscious and anti-conscious levels. On the other hand, it is necessary to find a suitable form to express the object. These two aspects are difficult, so some people abroad say that contemporary art will eventually come to a dead end, and art will not resonate with everyone. The question of how art should go is difficult to answer. What I’m talking about is just asking artists from an idealistic point of view. Of course, there are examples of doing well, and I think of Jackson Pollock (1912-1956), the originator of contemporary performance art. He likes to throw ink, layer by layer. His works are not so shocking if you look at printed matter. You have to look at the original to understand his depth. Because layers of ink are superimposed, different colors and the texture of paint remind you of how many emotions like love and hate are superimposed together behind people’s behavior, just like this ink. You will be very touched. People’s complex things are suitable to be expressed in this form. "

▲ "Man Wu Ying Xun" 1947/ Source: Network

Six, from "Abstraction and Empathy" into the palace of modern art.

Later, the development of European art proved the correctness of Wallinger’s theory, and modern art schools moved towards abstraction step by step, which in turn proved the greatness of Abstraction and Empathy. "Wallinger’s exposition of the principle of abstraction opened the door for modern art, and from then on, contemporary art boldly advanced along the road of abstraction and formalization," said Wang Caiyong.

Then, Mr. Wang simply combed the process of art’s development to abstraction. "Before the Second World War, cubism came first, which was an abstract pre-stage. It didn’t follow naturalism, so it could be said to be individualism. For example, we look at the cup as it is, but Picasso painted it in another way. This is how he perceives the world, and he expresses his interpretation of the world as an individual. This is actually a mirror, reflecting the universal existence in people’s hearts. Simply put, when we see something, it resonates. If we don’t use abstract expression and break through the’ form’, we can’t express what the artist thinks and our common resonance well. After the war, in the stage of contemporary art, artists were tired of individualism before the war. There is a subjective thing behind the personalized interpretation of artists before the war. By subjectivity, I mean that many individuals form a class. After the war, this concept was deconstructed and deconstruction rose. They think that individuals are still too heavy and too hard to carry the burden of’ one class’, so they pursue more thorough individuality. This trend is manifested in philosophy and art. "

However, "subject" and "individual" can not be completely separated, so Wang Caiyong said that there is still a problem of establishing a new subjectivity after deconstruction.

"In this way, we can understand many modern works of art, even some works that look unacceptable and disgusting, because it deconstructs our sympathetic subjectivity, but we have not yet established a new subjectivity. Any art, whether deconstructive or postmodern, is’ personal’ in creation, but what it wants to express must be supported by a specific group, not necessarily universal, but it must be universal. There are many situations in which there is a lack of universality in many contemporary arts. This can’t be entirely blamed on our contemporary artists, because compared with other arts, contemporary art has been difficult to establish a common position. On the one hand, he wants to be very’ individual’, which is his’ road’; On the other hand, he can’t imitate it like the Renaissance-just draw it like it. That is, contemporary art should not only adhere to personal tendencies, but also establish a new common orientation, and the result is narrower and narrower. "

Abstraction and Empathy, in a sense, has opened up a broader path for contemporary art to get out of the predicament and gain new development, that is, to enter modern art with abstraction as the main principle.

In fact, it is the same for us and contemporary society. At the forum of the publication of Art History and Philosophy, Wang proposed that "this era needs philosophy of art more". Academically, the core concepts of contemporary discussion art still need to be extracted from previous philosophy; In life, many people find art difficult to understand. How to enter art and aesthetics is the core goal of our discussion of art theory. Professor Wang Caiyong suggested:

1) read more books. If a foreign language is good, try to read the original text, overcome the variation caused by translation, and understand and grasp some terms in art.

2) Realize the connection and difference between art and philosophy. Philosophical words can be used to explain the theory of art history and literary criticism, but many times such explanations are not in place and will be misused. Art, art history and art philosophy have a sensible object; Philosophy is speculative and anti-time, and does not need specific objects. When "reading" a work of art, we should especially overcome ourselves. We should not pay attention to this work just because we like it, and say that it is not good if we don’t like it. Pay more attention to the works you don’t like, and calmly think about why there are such works.

Postscript

Wang Caiyong wrote at the end of the translator’s preface of Abstraction and Empathy, "As long as modern people’s sense of the world makes people have an abstract impulse all the time, Abstraction and Empathy will not lose its response". When we read literary theories and appreciate works of art, we can’t help but quote the following sentence: As long as we always have the impulse to express ourselves and the world, we won’t stop exploring the feelings, thoughts and resonance of people behind art.. In the end, what we know is not works or theories, or even art itself, but people’s heart and essence. In other words, real art and people’s life expression have never been far away.

Wechat editor Zhou Jielin

Editor-in-chief

Wonderful in the past

Original title: From Abstraction and Empathy to Modern Art

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 13th

Explanation of the State Council’s institutional reform plan

— — At the first meeting of the 13th National People’s Congress on March 13th, 2018.

State Councilor Wang Yong

　　Delegates:

　　Entrusted by the State Council, according to the Plan for Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions adopted by the Third Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee, I would like to explain the plan for institutional reform in the State Council to the General Assembly for your consideration.

　　The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China made important arrangements for deepening the reform of institutions and administrative systems, requiring overall consideration of various institutional settings, scientific allocation of the powers of party and government departments and internal institutions, and clear responsibilities. The Third Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee adopted the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Decision on Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions and the Plan for Deepening the Reform of Party and State Institutions. The overall requirements for deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions this time are to fully implement the spirit of the 19th Party Congress, adhere to the guidance of Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, Theory of Three Represents, Scientific Outlook on Development and the supreme leader Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, adapt to the development requirements of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, adhere to the general tone of striving for progress while maintaining stability, adhere to the correct direction of reform, adhere to the people-centered principle, and adhere to the overall rule of law. Guided by strengthening the overall leadership of the Party, guided by the modernization of the national governance system and governance capacity, and focusing on promoting the coordination and efficiency of the functions of the Party and state institutions, we will reform the institutional setup, optimize the allocation of functions, deepen the transfer of functions, modes and styles, improve efficiency and effectiveness, and provide a strong institutional guarantee for winning the Chinese dream of building a well-off society in an all-round way, starting a new journey of building a socialist modernized country in an all-round way and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

　　The Plan for Deepening the Institutional Reform of the Party and the State has made comprehensive arrangements for promoting the institutional reform of the party, government and military groups as a whole, and deepening the institutional reform of the State Council is one of the important tasks. The general consideration is to focus on transforming government functions, resolutely get rid of the drawbacks of institutional mechanisms that restrict the market from playing a decisive role in resource allocation and giving full play to the government’s role, focus on promoting high-quality development, building a modern economic system, strengthening and improving the government’s functions of economic regulation, market supervision, social management, public services and ecological environmental protection, and combine the new era conditions and practical requirements to make efforts to optimize and adjust the institutional functions of key areas and key links, so as to build a government with clear responsibilities and administration according to law.

　　The specific contents of this institutional reform in the State Council are as follows.

　　I. On the adjustment of the State Council’s constituent departments

　　(1) Establishing the Ministry of Natural Resources. In order to uniformly exercise the responsibilities of the owner of all natural resources assets owned by the whole people, uniformly exercise all the responsibilities of land and space use control and ecological protection and restoration, focus on solving the problems of inadequate owners of natural resources and overlapping spatial planning, and realize the overall protection, system restoration and comprehensive management of landscapes, forests, fields, lakes and grasses. The plan proposes that the responsibilities of the Ministry of Land and Resources and the organization of the National Development and Reform Commission should be compiled into the planning responsibilities of the main functional areas. Urban and rural planning management responsibilities of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, water resources investigation and ownership registration management responsibilities of the Ministry of Water Resources, grassland resources investigation and ownership registration management responsibilities of the Ministry of Agriculture, forest, wetland and other resources investigation and ownership registration management responsibilities of the State Forestry Administration, responsibilities of the State Oceanic Administration, and responsibilities of the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information are integrated to form the Ministry of Natural Resources as a component of the State Council. The Ministry of Natural Resources reserves the brand of State Oceanic Administration. Its main duties are to supervise the development, utilization and protection of natural resources, establish a spatial planning system and supervise its implementation, fulfill the duties of all kinds of natural resource assets owners of the whole people, unify the investigation and registration of rights, establish a system of paid use of natural resources, and be responsible for the management of surveying and mapping and geological exploration industries.

　　The Ministry of Land and Resources, the State Oceanic Administration and the State Bureau of Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information will no longer be retained.

　　(2) Establishing the Ministry of Ecology and Environment. Protecting the environment is our basic national policy. In order to integrate the scattered responsibilities of ecological environmental protection, uniformly exercise the responsibilities of supervision and administrative law enforcement of ecological and urban and rural pollution discharge, strengthen environmental pollution control, ensure national ecological security, and build a beautiful China, the plan puts forward that the responsibilities of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the National Development and Reform Commission’s responsibility for coping with climate change and emission reduction, and the Ministry of Land and Resources’ responsibility for monitoring and preventing groundwater pollution, The responsibilities of the Ministry of Water Resources include the preparation of water function zoning, the management of sewage outlets, the protection of water environment in river basins, the supervision and guidance of the Ministry of Agriculture, the marine environmental protection of the State Oceanic Administration, and the environmental protection of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project Area of the the State Council South-to-North Water Diversion Project Construction Committee Office, and the establishment of the Ministry of Ecology and Environment as a component of the State Council. The Ministry of Ecology and Environment reserves the brand of National Nuclear Safety Administration. Its main responsibilities are to formulate and organize the implementation of eco-environmental policies, plans and standards, to be responsible for eco-environmental monitoring and law enforcement, to supervise and manage pollution prevention, nuclear and radiation safety, and to organize central environmental protection inspectors.

　　The Ministry of Environmental Protection is no longer retained.

　　(3) Establishing the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs. The problem of farmers in agriculture and rural areas is a fundamental issue related to the national economy and people’s livelihood. In order to give priority to the development of agriculture and rural areas, implement the rural revitalization strategy as a whole, promote the all-round upgrading of agriculture, the all-round progress of rural areas and the all-round development of farmers, and accelerate the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, the plan proposes to integrate the responsibilities of the Ministry of Agriculture with those of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Land and Resources and the Ministry of Water Resources to form the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs as a component of the State Council. Its main responsibilities are to study and organize the implementation of the work strategies, plans and policies concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, supervise and manage planting, animal husbandry, fishery, agricultural reclamation, agricultural mechanization, quality and safety of agricultural products, and be responsible for agricultural investment management.

　　Transfer the responsibilities of inspection, supervision and management of fishing boats from the Ministry of Agriculture to the Ministry of Transport.

　　No longer retain the Ministry of Agriculture.

　　(4) Establishing the Ministry of Culture and Tourism. In order to enhance and highlight cultural self-confidence, co-ordinate cultural undertakings, cultural industry development and tourism resources development, improve the national cultural soft power and Chinese cultural influence, and promote the integrated development of cultural undertakings, cultural industries and tourism, the plan proposes to integrate the responsibilities of the Ministry of Culture and the National Tourism Administration to form the Ministry of Culture and Tourism as a component of the State Council. Its main responsibilities are to implement the Party’s principles and policies for propaganda and cultural work, study and formulate policies and measures for cultural and tourism work, make overall plans for the development of cultural undertakings, cultural industries and tourism, carry out the project of benefiting the people through culture in depth, organize the survey, excavation and protection of cultural resources, maintain the order of various cultural markets, including tourism markets, strengthen cultural exchanges with foreign countries, and promote Chinese culture to go abroad.

　　The Ministry of Culture and the National Tourism Administration will no longer be retained.

　　(5) Establishing the National Health and Wellness Committee. People’s health is an important symbol of national prosperity and national prosperity. In order to promote the implementation of the strategy of healthy China, establish the concept of great health and great health, change the focus on treatment to the focus on people’s health, prevent and control major diseases, actively respond to the aging of the population, accelerate the development of the cause and industry for the elderly, and provide all-round and full-cycle health services for the people, the plan proposes that the responsibilities of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, the Office of the Leading Group for Deepening the Reform of Medical and Health System in the State Council, and the Office of the National Working Committee on Ageing, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology took the lead in fulfilling the duties of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, and state administration of work safety’s duties of occupational safety and health supervision and management were integrated, and the National Health and Wellness Committee was established as a component of the State Council. Its main responsibilities are to formulate national health policies, coordinate and promote the deepening of the reform of the medical and health system, organize the formulation of the national basic drug system, supervise and manage public health, medical services and health emergencies, be responsible for family planning management and services, and formulate policies and measures to deal with the aging population and the combination of medical care and nursing.

　　The National Working Committee on Ageing shall be retained, and the daily work shall be undertaken by the National Health and Wellness Committee. The China Association for Aging, which was entrusted by the Ministry of Civil Affairs, was entrusted by the National Health and Wellness Commission. State administration of traditional chinese medicine is managed by the National Health and Wellness Commission.

　　The National Health and Family Planning Commission will no longer be retained. No longer set up a leading group office for deepening the reform of medical and health system in the State Council.

　　(6) Establishing the Department of Veterans Affairs. In order to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of military families, strengthen the construction of service guarantee system for retired military personnel, establish and improve a centralized and unified management guarantee system for retired military personnel with clear responsibilities, and make military personnel become a respected profession of the whole society, the plan proposes to integrate the responsibilities of special care and resettlement for retired military personnel of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the responsibilities of resettlement for military officers in Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and the relevant responsibilities of the Political Work Department and the Logistics Support Department of the Central Military Commission to form the Department of Retired Military Affairs as a component of the State Council. Its main responsibilities are to formulate policies and regulations on the ideological and political work, management and security of retired military personnel and organize their implementation, praise and highlight the spirit and value orientation of retired military personnel who have made sacrifices for the party, the country and the people, be responsible for the transfer and resettlement of demobilized military cadres, demobilized cadres, retired cadres and retired soldiers, and the service management and treatment guarantee of retired military personnel who choose their own jobs, organize the education and training of retired military personnel, give preferential treatment and pensions, guide the national work of supporting the army and giving preferential treatment to its dependents, and be responsible for the honorary awards of martyrs and retired military personnel.

　　(seven) the establishment of emergency management department. China is a country with frequent disasters. In order to prevent and resolve serious security risks, improve the public security system, integrate and optimize emergency forces and resources, promote the formation of an emergency management system with China characteristics, which is unified in command, professional and regular, responsive, linked up and down, and combined in peacetime and wartime, improve the ability of disaster prevention, mitigation and relief, and ensure the safety of people’s lives and property and social stability, the plan puts forward that state administration of work safety’s responsibilities, Emergency management responsibilities of the State Council General Office, fire management responsibilities of the Ministry of Public Security, disaster relief responsibilities of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, prevention and control of geological disasters of the Ministry of Land and Resources, prevention and control of floods and droughts of the Ministry of Water Resources, grassland fire prevention of the Ministry of Agriculture and forest fire prevention of the State Forestry Administration, earthquake emergency rescue responsibilities of the Seismological Bureau of China, and responsibilities of the National Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters, the National Disaster Reduction Committee, the the State Council Earthquake Relief Headquarters and the National Forest Fire Prevention Headquarters are integrated to form an emergency management department as a component of the State Council. Its main responsibilities are to organize the preparation of the national emergency master plan and plan, guide all localities and departments to deal with emergencies, and promote the construction of emergency plan system and plan drills. Establish a disaster reporting system and uniformly publish the disaster situation, coordinate the construction of emergency forces and material reserves and uniformly dispatch them during disaster relief, organize the construction of disaster relief system, guide the emergency rescue of production safety and natural disasters, and undertake the work of the national headquarters for dealing with particularly serious disasters. Guide the prevention and control of fires, floods and droughts, geological disasters, etc. Responsible for the comprehensive supervision and management of production safety and the supervision and management of production safety in industrial, mining and commercial industries.

　　After the transformation, the public security fire brigade and the armed police forest brigade, together with the emergency rescue teams such as production safety, will be regarded as a comprehensive standing emergency backbone force, managed by the emergency management department, with special management and policy guarantee, and the job rank sequence and management methods in line with their own characteristics will be formulated to improve their professional honor and maintain their effective strength and combat effectiveness.

　　It should be noted that according to the principle of graded responsibility, local governments at all levels are responsible for general disasters, and the emergency management department provides unified response and support on behalf of the central government; When a particularly serious disaster occurs, the emergency management department, as the headquarters, assists the responsible comrades designated by the central government to organize emergency response work to ensure the smooth implementation of government decrees and effective command. The emergency management department should properly handle the relationship between disaster prevention and relief, clarify the division of responsibilities with relevant departments and localities, and establish a coordination mechanism.

　　Considering that the Seismological Bureau of China and the State Administration of Coal Mine Safety are closely related to disaster prevention and relief, they are managed by the Emergency Management Department.

　　No longer keep state administration of work safety.

　　(8) Reorganizing the Ministry of Science and Technology. Innovation is the first driving force for development and the strategic support for building a modern economic system. In order to better implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talents and innovation-driven development, strengthen the construction of national innovation system, optimize the allocation of scientific and technological resources, and promote the construction of high-end scientific and technological innovation talents, the plan proposes to integrate the responsibilities of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs and re-establish the Ministry of Science and Technology as a component of the State Council. The Ministry of Science and Technology manages the National Natural Science Foundation of China and retains the brand of State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs. Its main responsibilities are to formulate the national innovation-driven development strategy, scientific and technological development, basic research planning and policies and organize their implementation, promote the construction of the national innovation system and the reform of the scientific and technological system as a whole, organize and coordinate the major national basic research and applied basic research, work out the planning of major national scientific and technological projects and supervise their implementation, take the lead in establishing a unified national scientific and technological management platform and a fund coordination, evaluation and supervision mechanism for scientific research projects, and be responsible for introducing foreign intelligence work.

　　(9) Reorganizing the Ministry of Justice. Governing the country according to law in an all-round way is a profound revolution in state governance. In order to implement the basic strategy of governing the country according to law in an all-round way, coordinate administrative legislation, administrative law enforcement, legal affairs management and popularization of law, and promote the government’s work into the track of rule of law, the plan proposes to integrate the responsibilities of the Ministry of Justice and the Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council and re-establish the Ministry of Justice as a component of the State Council. Its main duties are to draft relevant laws and administrative regulations, coordinate legislation, review and explain for the record, comprehensively coordinate administrative law enforcement, guide administrative reconsideration, publicize the law, manage prisons, drug rehabilitation and community correction, manage lawyers’ notarization and judicial expertise arbitration, and undertake national judicial assistance.

　　The Legislative Affairs Office of the State Council will no longer be retained.

　　(10) Optimize the responsibilities of the Ministry of Water Resources. Considering that the main construction task of the Three Gorges Project has been completed, and the east and middle routes of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project have been completed, the plan proposes to merge the the State Council Three Gorges Project Construction Committee and its office, and the the State Council South-to-North Water Diversion Project Construction Committee and its office into the Ministry of Water Resources.

　　The State Council Three Gorges Project Construction Committee and its office, the State Council South-to-North Water Transfer Project Construction Committee and its office will no longer be retained.

　　(eleven) optimize the responsibilities of the Audit Commission. Reforming the audit management system and ensuring the independent exercise of audit supervision power according to law are important contents of perfecting the supervision system of the party and the state. In order to integrate the audit supervision power, reduce the overlapping and dispersion of responsibilities, avoid repeated inspection and supervision blind spots, and enhance the supervision efficiency, the plan proposes that the major project inspection of the National Development and Reform Commission, the supervision and inspection of the implementation of the central budget of the Ministry of Finance and other financial revenues and expenditures, the economic responsibility audit of leading cadres of state-owned enterprises of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council, and the supervisory board of state-owned key large enterprises should be assigned to the Audit Office, and the audit supervision power should be integrated and optimized accordingly to build a unified and efficient audit supervision system. The Audit Commission shall be responsible for auditing and supervising the truthfulness, legality and benefits of the national financial revenues and expenditures and the financial revenues and expenditures that fall within the scope of audit supervision as stipulated by laws and regulations.

　　It should be noted that this congress has reviewed and adopted the constitutional amendment. According to the relevant provisions of the constitutional amendment, the National Supervisory Commission (NSC) was established. Therefore, the Ministry of Supervision and the National Bureau of Corruption Prevention are no longer retained, but merged into the National Supervisory Commission (NSC).

　　Delegates, according to the above plan, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the National Health and Wellness Commission, the Ministry of Veterans Affairs, the Emergency Management Department, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Justice, the Ministry of Water Resources and the Audit Office are newly established or reorganized; The Ministry of Supervision, the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Culture and the National Health and Family Planning Commission will no longer be retained; In addition to the General Office of the State Council, there are 26 departments in the State Council. According to the provisions of the Organic Law of the State Council, the adjustment and establishment of these institutions shall be submitted to the General Assembly for deliberation.

　　Second, about the adjustment of other institutions in the State Council

　　(a) the establishment of the State Administration of Market Supervision. Reforming the market supervision system and implementing unified market supervision are the key links to establish a unified, open and competitive modern market system. In order to improve the market supervision system, promote the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the country by quality, create an honest and trustworthy market environment with fair competition, further promote the comprehensive law enforcement of market supervision, strengthen the supervision of product quality and safety, and make the people feel at ease in buying, using and eating, the plan proposes that the responsibilities of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, china food and drug administration, The responsibilities of price supervision and inspection and anti-monopoly law enforcement of the National Development and Reform Commission, centralized anti-monopoly law enforcement of the operators of the Ministry of Commerce and the office of the the State Council Anti-monopoly Committee were integrated, and the State Administration of Market Supervision was established as a directly affiliated institution of the State Council. Its main responsibilities are to be responsible for the comprehensive supervision and management of the market, uniformly register market entities and establish information publicity and sharing mechanisms, organize the comprehensive law enforcement of market supervision, undertake the unified law enforcement of anti-monopoly, standardize and maintain market order, organize the implementation of the strategy of strengthening the country by quality, be responsible for the quality and safety of industrial products, food safety, special equipment safety supervision, and uniformly manage measurement standards, inspection and testing, certification and accreditation.

　　Considering the particularity of drug supervision, National Medical Products Administration was established separately and managed by the State Administration of Market Supervision. Market supervision is managed at different levels, and drug regulatory agencies are only located at the provincial level. The supervision of drug sales and other behaviors is uniformly undertaken by the market regulatory departments of cities and counties.

　　Transfer the duties and team of entry-exit inspection and quarantine management of the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine to the General Administration of Customs. The Food Safety Committee of the State Council and the Anti-monopoly Committee of the State Council shall be retained, and the specific work shall be undertaken by the State Administration of Market Supervision. The responsibilities of the National Certification and Accreditation Administration Committee and the National Standardization Administration Committee are assigned to the State Administration of Market Supervision, and brands are reserved for the outside world.

　　The State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and china food and drug administration will no longer be retained.

　　(two) the establishment of the State Administration of Radio and Television. In order to strengthen the work of news and public opinion, strengthen the management of important propaganda positions, and give full play to the role of radio and television media, the plan proposes to set up the State Administration of Radio and Television as a directly affiliated institution of the State Council on the basis of the radio and television management responsibilities of the State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television. Its main responsibilities are to implement the Party’s propaganda principles and policies, formulate policies and measures for radio and television management, supervise and implement them, make overall plans, guide and coordinate the development of radio and television undertakings and industries, promote the reform of institutional mechanisms in the field of radio and television, supervise and review the content and quality of radio and television and online audio-visual programs, be responsible for the import, collection and management of radio and television programs, and coordinate and promote the work of going global in the field of radio and television.

　　The State Administration of Press, Publication, Radio, Film and Television will no longer be retained.

　　(3) Establishing the Insurance Regulatory Commission of the Bank of China. Finance is the core of modern economy, so we must attach great importance to preventing and controlling financial risks and ensuring national financial security. In order to deepen the reform of financial supervision system, solve the problems existing in the current system, such as unclear supervision responsibilities, cross-supervision and blank supervision, strengthen comprehensive supervision, optimize the allocation of supervision resources, better coordinate the supervision of systemically important financial institutions, gradually establish a powerful and effective modern financial supervision framework that conforms to modern financial characteristics, coordinate supervision, and keep the bottom line of systemic financial risks, the plan proposes to integrate the responsibilities of China Banking Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission to form the Bank of China Insurance Regulatory Commission as the the State Council. Its main duties are to uniformly supervise and manage the banking and insurance industries in accordance with laws and regulations, safeguard their lawful and steady operation, prevent and resolve financial risks, protect the legitimate rights and interests of financial consumers and maintain financial stability.

　　The responsibilities of China Banking Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission to draft important laws and regulations on banking and insurance industry and the basic system of prudential supervision were assigned to the People’s Bank of China.

　　China Banking Regulatory Commission and China Insurance Regulatory Commission will no longer be retained.

　　(4) The formation of China International Development Cooperation Agency. In order to give full play to the role of foreign aid as an important means of diplomacy of big countries, strengthen strategic planning and overall coordination of foreign aid, promote unified management of foreign aid work, reform and optimize foreign aid methods, better serve the overall layout of national diplomacy and jointly build the "Belt and Road", the plan proposes to integrate the responsibilities related to foreign aid work of the Ministry of Commerce and foreign aid coordination of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and set up China International Development Cooperation Agency as a directly affiliated institution of the State Council. Its main responsibilities are to formulate foreign aid strategic guidelines, plans and policies, coordinate major foreign aid issues and make suggestions, promote the reform of foreign aid methods, formulate foreign aid programs and plans, determine foreign aid projects and supervise and evaluate their implementation. The specific implementation of foreign aid is still undertaken by the relevant departments according to the division of labor.

　　(five) the establishment of the National Health Insurance Bureau. In order to improve the unified basic medical insurance system and serious illness insurance system for urban and rural residents, continuously improve the level of medical insurance, ensure the rational use, safety and controllability of medical insurance funds, promote the reform of "three-medical linkage" of medical care, medical insurance and medicine as a whole, and better protect the sick, the plan puts forward that the responsibilities of basic medical insurance and maternity insurance for urban workers and urban residents in Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the new rural cooperative medical care responsibilities of the National Health and Family Planning Commission, The National Development and Reform Commission’s responsibility for the price management of drugs and medical services and the Ministry of Civil Affairs’ responsibility for medical assistance were integrated, and the National Medical Insurance Bureau was established as a directly affiliated institution of the State Council. Its main responsibilities are to formulate policies, plans and standards for medical insurance, maternity insurance, medical assistance and other medical security systems and organize their implementation, supervise and manage relevant medical security funds, improve the national platform for medical treatment management and expense settlement in different places, organize the formulation and adjustment of prices and charging standards for drugs and medical services, formulate bidding and purchasing policies for drugs and medical consumables and supervise their implementation, and supervise and manage related service behaviors and medical expenses of medical institutions included in medical insurance. At the same time, in order to improve the efficiency of the collection and management of medical insurance funds, the basic medical insurance premium and maternity insurance premium will be handed over to the tax authorities for unified collection.

　　(six) the establishment of the national grain and material reserve bureau. In order to strengthen the overall planning of national reserves, build a unified national material reserve system, strengthen the supervision and management of central grain and cotton reserves, and improve the ability of national reserves to deal with emergencies, the plan proposes to integrate the responsibilities of the State Grain Administration, the National Development and Reform Commission’s organization and implementation of national strategic material storage, rotation and management, and the management of national grain, cotton and sugar reserves, as well as the organization and implementation strategies of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Commerce, the National Energy Administration and other departments, and the responsibilities of emergency reserve material storage, rotation and daily management. Its main responsibilities are to organize the implementation of the purchasing, storage, rotation and management of national strategy and emergency reserve materials according to the overall development plan and variety catalogue of national reserves, to be responsible for the construction and management of reserve infrastructure, to supervise and inspect the implementation of government reserves, enterprise reserves and reserve policies, and to be responsible for the management of grain circulation industry and the administrative management of central reserve grain and cotton.

　　No longer retain the State Grain Bureau.

　　(seven) the establishment of the National Immigration Bureau. With the further improvement of China’s comprehensive national strength, the number of foreigners working and living in China is increasing, which puts forward new requirements for doing a good job in immigration management services. In order to strengthen the overall coordination of immigration and exit-entry management, and better form the joint efforts of immigration management, the plan proposes to integrate the duties of exit-entry management and border inspection of the Ministry of Public Security, establish and improve the visa management coordination mechanism, and set up the National Immigration Administration, which will be managed by the Ministry of Public Security. Its main responsibilities are to coordinate the formulation of immigration policies and organize their implementation, to be responsible for entry and exit management, port certificate inspection and border people’s exchanges management, to be responsible for foreigners’ stay and permanent residence management, refugee management and nationality management, to take the lead in coordinating the governance of "three non-"foreigners and the repatriation of illegal immigrants, to be responsible for the service management of China citizens entering and leaving the country (territory) for personal reasons, and to undertake international cooperation in the field of immigration.

　　(eight) the establishment of the National Forestry and Grassland Bureau. In order to strengthen the protection of ecosystems, coordinate the supervision and management of forests, grasslands and wetlands, accelerate the establishment of a nature reserve system with national parks as the main body, and ensure national ecological security, the plan proposes to integrate the responsibilities of the State Forestry Administration, the grassland supervision and management responsibilities of the Ministry of Agriculture, and the management responsibilities of the Ministry of Land and Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Water Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture, the State Oceanic Administration and other departments, such as nature reserves, scenic spots, natural heritage and geological parks, to form a national forestry and grassland. The National Forestry and Grassland Bureau added the brand of National Park Service. Its main responsibilities are to supervise and manage the development, utilization and protection of forest, grassland, wetland, desert and terrestrial wildlife resources, organize ecological protection and restoration, carry out afforestation and greening work, and manage various nature reserves such as national parks.

　　No longer retain the State Forestry Administration.

　　(9) Reorganize China National Intellectual Property Administration. Strengthening the creation, protection and application of intellectual property rights is an important measure to accelerate the construction of an innovative country. In order to solve the problems of separate management of trademarks and patents and repeated law enforcement, and improve the intellectual property management system, the plan proposes to integrate the responsibilities of China National Intellectual Property Administration, the trademark management responsibilities of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce and the geographical indications management responsibilities of the State Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine, and re-establish the China National Intellectual Property Administration, which will be managed by the State Administration of Market Supervision. Its main duties are to protect intellectual property rights, promote the construction of intellectual property protection system, be responsible for the registration and administrative adjudication of trademarks, patents and geographical indications of origin, and guide the law enforcement of trademarks and patents. Trademark and patent law enforcement responsibilities are entrusted to the comprehensive law enforcement team of market supervision.

　　(ten) adjust the affiliation of the National Social Security Fund Council. In order to strengthen the management and supervision of social security funds, straighten out the relationship of responsibilities, ensure the safety of funds and achieve the goal of maintaining and increasing the value, the plan proposes that the National Social Security Fund Council be managed by the Ministry of Finance instead of the State Council, and assume the main responsibility for fund safety and maintaining and increasing the value. As a fund investment operation institution, the administrative level is no longer clear.

　　(eleven) the reform of national tax and local tax collection and management system. Merge the national tax and local tax agencies at or below the provincial level, and specifically undertake the duties of tax and non-tax revenue collection and management within the jurisdiction. After the merger of national tax and local tax agencies, the dual leadership management system with State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China as the main body and the people’s governments of provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) will be implemented.

　　In addition, according to the development of the situation and the needs of work, some other institutions in the State Council have also made adjustments.

　　Delegates, according to the above plan, the State Administration of Market Supervision, National Medical Products Administration, the State Administration of Radio and Television, the Insurance Regulatory Commission of the Bank of China, China International Development Cooperation Agency, the State Health Insurance Bureau, the State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau, the State Immigration Bureau, the State Forestry and Grassland Bureau, and China National Intellectual Property Administration will be established or reorganized. According to the provisions of the Organic Law of the State Council, the adjustment and establishment of the State Council’s affiliated institutions other than those of the State Council will be examined and approved by the newly formed the State Council.

　　Generally speaking, this institutional reform in the State Council has implemented the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Third Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee, fulfilled the requirements of upholding and strengthening the overall leadership of the Party, adapted to the major contradictions and changes in our society in the new era, focused on the needs of development, the aspirations of the grassroots, and the aspirations of the people. According to the principle of optimization, coordination and high efficiency, it has optimized the institutional setup and functional allocation of the State Council and straightened out the relationship of responsibilities. After the reform, there were 8 ministerial-level institutions and 7 deputy ministerial-level institutions in the State Council. Through the reform, the State Council’s institutional setup is more realistic, scientific and reasonable, and more efficient, which will surely provide a strong organizational guarantee for the full implementation of the tasks deployed by the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

　　In the next step, in the implementation of institutional reform, the State Council will conscientiously implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the 19th Central Committee, unify thoughts and actions with the decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee on deepening the reform of party and state institutions, strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences", resolutely safeguard the authority of the CPC Central Committee and centralize and unify leadership, and make careful organization and deployment. Pay close attention to the establishment of working mechanism, formulate supporting measures, schedule, and implement them item by item. It is necessary to combine deepening institutional reform with decentralization, combination of decentralization and management, and optimization of services. Both newly established departments and departments with adjusted responsibilities must further change their functions and improve their work efficiency. The main responsible comrades of all departments should personally grasp and grasp the position, do a good job in ideological and political work, seriously reform discipline, and ensure that institutions, responsibilities, teams, etc. are adjusted in place in time as required to ensure that their thoughts are not chaotic, their work is continuous, their teams are not scattered, and their enthusiasm is not reduced.

　　Delegates, this year is the first year to fully implement the spirit of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the 40th anniversary of reform and opening-up, and a crucial year to build a well-off society in an all-round way and implement the 13th Five-Year Plan. It is of great significance to ensure the smooth progress of deepening the reform of the Party and state institutions. We should hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, closely unite around the CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core, unify our thinking, act in unison, and be determined to reform, ensure the completion of various tasks of the State Council’s institutional reform, and strive to win the Chinese dream of building a well-off society in an all-round way, accelerating socialist modernization and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation!

Recently, an "expert" Liu Hongbin (with a program named Liu Hongbin) who has been active in several local TV stations for three years has become popular on the Internet. Since 2014, Liu Hongbin has recommended various medicines and health care products as an expert from Peking University, a fifth-generation descendant of Mongolian medicine, and an ancestral old Chinese medicine practitioner.

Some netizens joked that he was a "famous performance expert", and some netizens joked that "China’s best acting skills are all selling medicines on major TVs."

According to media reports, the drugs and health products in these programs have been investigated and dealt with by relevant departments in Henan, Anhui, Hebei and other places many times, and TV stations have also been punished many times.

Through interviews with satellite TV and the advertising media companies cooperating with satellite TV, the reporter learned that there are programs and advertisements on health-care topics. Health-care programs will ask some doctors to package them into experts, while most of health-care advertisements are made by film and television companies looking for actors to play "experts", and media companies will promote the filmed films to the satellite TV platform. It takes only a few thousand yuan to package an expert, but the book of programs or advertisements only takes one day or half a day to be completed by the director. The content is mainly to refer to other health programs or find some relevant materials for stacking.

Experts falsify multiple identities, and David promotes a variety of drugs.

Liu Hongbin appeared in the TV program as vice president of relieving cough of Chinese Medical Association, vice president of Oriental Cough Research Institute, member of Rheumatology Branch of Chinese Medical Association and retired dean of a hospital. In various health programs of local satellite TV from 2014 to 2017, it successively promoted Miaoxian Kechuan Formula, Tangtong 5.0, Tianshan Xuelian, Yaowang Fengtong Formula, Miaozu Dingchuan Formula, Miaojia Huogu Formula, Laoyuan Quban Formula, Mongolian Medicine Xinnao Formula, Zhumian Dinner and other medicines and health care products.

The drugs recently promoted in Liu Hongbin are "Mongolian Medicine Heart Prescription" and "Sleeping Dinner". The staff of "Mongolian Medicine Heart Prescription" said in an interview with the media that Liu Hongbin is indeed the fifth generation descendant of Mongolian medicine, and has opened an outpatient clinic in Jilin Provincial People’s Hospital so far. The staff of "Sleeping Dinner" said that Liu Hongbin had decades of working experience and was a doctor in ditan hospital.

When some media verified Liu Hongbin’s identity, Peking University, Jilin Provincial People’s Hospital and beijing ditan hospital all found no such person.

Satellite TV said it was not a program, and the pharmaceutical company said it was an advertisement.

Among the drugs promoted in Liu Hongbin, some media contacted the relevant person in charge of one of the drug companies, and the other party said that Liu Hongbin had indeed promoted the company’s drugs, and the drugs were true, but Liu Hongbin’s propaganda film exaggerated the curative effect.

The person in charge also said in an interview that Liu Hongbin’s related medical publicity video looks like a news talk show, but it is actually an advertisement.

As for Liu Hongbin’s identity, he is not sure whether he is a doctor, a professor or an expert. According to him, he has never met Liu Hongbin. Three years ago, the agent found him and hoped to sell drugs. Subsequently, the agent found Liu Hongbin in Beijing to shoot relevant promotional videos, and the company sold the drugs to the agent.

The reporter of Legal Evening News contacted the editing and broadcasting section of Gansu Satellite TV, which broadcast Liu Hongbin’s advertisement. The staff of this section told the reporter that there was no such program as "Famous Doctors’ Health House" in the broadcast program. As for whether it was an advertisement or not, it needs to be investigated again.

The phone number of Liu Hongbin endorsement products has been unable to get through

Regarding the products endorsed by Liu Hongbin, the reporter of Legal Evening News dialed the "official ordering telephone number" at the bottom of one column screen, and after being connected, the other party told him that it had been used for less than one month and had been used by others. The search result of this phone number in Baidu is Zhejiang (Jinhua) Deli business gifts Co., Ltd., and the company’s website is opened and introduced as "the company is a professional and international enterprise integrating R&D, manufacturing and sales. Mainly engaged in new and exotic gifts such as household items, beauty and body, TV shopping. "

The reporter called the Jinhua Municipal Market Supervision Administration of Zhejiang Province, and the result of the inquiry was that the enterprise did not have any registration information. After searching in the national enterprise credit information publicity system, no information was found. There is also a risk warning on the website, and the company is not registered in the industrial and commercial department.

The reporter then continued to call the so-called "column hotline" on other screens, all of which were unable to connect and had no service.

Industry insiders say that most experts in medicine and health care products are "group performances"

In China, Chinese Medicine, written by cctv-4 in 1998, was the earliest TV health-care program. With the people’s attention to health care, health-care TV programs have grown to more than 100 files in the past ten years, which once became the main channel for middle-aged and elderly people to obtain health information. However, due to the ability and level of health communication in China, health TV programs are mixed and mixed.

Due to the good communication effect and remarkable commercial benefits, health programs are also broadcast on satellite TV, ground channels and city TV stations, and the columns mainly introduce the theory of traditional Chinese medicine and the methods of health care, and the audience is mainly middle-aged and elderly people.

Ms. Wang, who once worked in an advertising media company in Beijing, told the reporter of Legal Evening News that her media company at that time had made a health column. The operation of health-preserving programs is very simple. First, the company leaders or editors contact the experts in the Chinese Medicine Museum or Chinese Medicine Hospital and hire them to record the programs. The column directors write scripts to formulate the theme of each issue, and the experts explain and record (some with the cooperation of the host) and pay the fees on the spot. After the recording is completed, it can be sold to TV stations at all levels for broadcasting.

Because these companies are not large in scale and have limited funds, they need to rent a studio like the spot if they want to shoot health programs, which is expensive. Therefore, the program is very fast from preparation to shooting. The scripts used in expert interviews are generally completed by the company’s program director. The director often draws lessons from some similar health programs, and then compiles books according to some materials. Sometimes he meets experts and sometimes he uses them directly. This kind of program script can usually be completed in one day, and sometimes even two books can be written in one day.

Ms. Wang revealed that some Chinese medicine health programs really employ real experts and doctors, and if they shoot advertisements, it is difficult to guarantee the identity of the "experts" invited. Ms. Wang’s company also shoots some pharmaceutical advertisements, mainly including sexual health care drugs, slimming products and other health care products. In such advertisements, most of the so-called experts and successful dieters invited by the company are extras from everywhere. At that time, the cost of shooting a day was about 2000 yuan. And the script of the advertisement is completed faster.

Ms. Wang said that sometimes companies are keen to find some foreign actors to play experts, one is to look professional (claiming to be a doctor of medicine in developed countries), and the other is not easy to be exposed. After the production of these advertisements is completed, most of them are found by the merchants themselves, and larger companies will also be responsible for contacting the delivery platforms, mainly TV stations at all levels.

Packaging "experts" must first look at the image and temperament, and they can broadcast it without exaggeration.

Yesterday afternoon, the reporter of Legal Evening News called a media company as a health care product manufacturer. A person in charge said that the company had been established for 19 years and had cooperative relations with many TV stations. "However, health care products have been strictly checked recently, and CCTV, Hunan and Jiangsu Satellite TV have to approve advertisements, while some remote satellite TV do not."

The reporter sent him a picture of Liu Hongbin appearing on Gansu Satellite TV. The other party called it a "feature film", which can be broadcast during the purchase period of TV stations. The average price is 5,000-8,000 yuan per minute, such as 5,000 yuan/minute for Xizang Satellite TV and 6,500 yuan/minute for Guizhou Satellite TV. The broadcast period is generally 10: 30 in the morning and around 13: 30 in the afternoon, and it is broadcast for more than 7 consecutive times.

If you want to impress people, it is suggested to go to the "interview" program. "To tell the truth, what you need is just a material, and the important thing is to help you sell your products." To package an "expert", we must first look at the image and temperament, and then match it with a proper "title" and "resume" so that others can believe it.

The person in charge told the French evening reporter that at present, they are only responsible for helping enterprises to put advertisements on TV stations, and they do not take the filming work, as long as the client’s films are not exaggerated, they can be broadcast.

Subsequently, the media company introduced a film and television production company to the reporter. The person in charge of the film and television production company told the reporter that the company can undertake the recording of broadcast-level programs, such as feature films of talk shows, which need about 37,000 in 10 minutes (including 3 seats, post-production and 30 seconds of special effects, dubbing, etc.). In addition, they can also find suitable "experts" according to customer needs. "Experts" should have a sense of lens and be able to tell things. Prices range from 1000 to 5000.

(The original title is "Media company packaging Liu Hongbin-style experts go to satellite TV, and the script is written by the director for half a day")

The 8th Beijing International Film Festival

At 12 noon on April 1st, the screening unit of the 8th Beijing International Film Festival will start to grab tickets! Are you ready?

The film screening of the 8th Beijing International Film Festival will be held on April 6th — Held on April 23rd, a total of 328 films will be shown.

Compared with the previous Beijing Film Festival, the number of domestic films has been greatly increased this year, making it in a relatively balanced state with foreign films.

Among them are some particularly precious images, such as those directed by Xia Gang in 1995 and Zhu Shouju in 1926, all of which re-appeared with the audience this time.

　

Stills of "Cheers to the Past"

　

This screening is divided into 18 units, including "midnight show" and "VR unit".

Popular thrillers such as "The Clown Comes Back to Soul" have been selected for the "Midnight Show" unit, which will be shown every Friday and Saturday night. This move draws lessons from western international film festivals.

The new "VR unit" is also closely following the pace of Venice Film Festival. This time, a total of eight short films from all over the world will be shown.

Stills of "The Clown Comes Back to Soul"

　

It is worth mentioning that every year, the curation of Beijing Film Festival will add some careful thoughts. For example, in this exhibition unit, a number of films that pay tribute to each other and are related are shown together, which can be used for fans to compare the texts.

and

　

The most typical example is Isle of Dogs and The Seven Samurai.

Wes anderson’s Isle of Dogs pays tribute to Kurosawa’s Seven Samurai many times, so you can watch the Seven Samurai before watching Isle of Dogs.

In addition, The Seven Samurai is a restored version, and it is also the most expensive film in Beijing International Film Festival, with the ticket price of 150 yuan.

and

　

In addition, Jean-Luc Ge Daer’s "Follow One’s inclinations" pays tribute to Carl Theodor Dreyer’s "The Misery of Joan of Arc", and these two books are recommended to be read continuously.

Two directors, Keisuke Kinoshita and Shohei Imamura, directed it, and they also recommended fans to watch it together.

　

Ballad of narayama will be shown in two versions.

In addition to the above, I believe that if you get the schedule, you will still be very anxious and your eyes will be blurred.

Then, Xiao Dianjun will summarize it for everyone according to the film arrangement characteristics of different theaters!

　

The following movie guide is based on Beijing.East, west and north regionsDivide, you can choose according to your location, arrange your own film list quickly, and get ready to live in the cinema!

　

West line

Selected cinemas: China Film Archive, Yaolai Studios Wukesong Store and Intermediate Cinema.

　

There are not many cinemas in the west of Beijing participating in the Beijing International Film Festival screening, which are relatively fixed every year.

China Film Archive has always been the main position.There are many kinds of films shown, which are the first choice for many fans. But this is a gourmet desert. If you want to eat delicious food, you have to go to Fenglan International Shopping Center, one kilometer away.

Yaolai Wukesong Studios and the Intermediate Cinema are located in the west, which is suitable for the audience who are reluctant to go to the movies.

　

China film archive xiaoxitian branch

　

For this film screening, the archive specially changed into a 4K laser projector to give fans a better viewing enjoyment.

According to curator Sha Dan, the effect of the screening can be comparable to that of Dolby Cinema, and there is no obstacle to the 3D screening. It is recommended that you take the archive as the main venue.

and

　

The films shown this time are mainly restoration films, Chinese films and master works.

Among them, Hall 2 of the Film Archive almost contracted this Chinese film screening, includingForty Years of Reform and Opening-up, Brilliant China Film, Special Exhibition of Women’s Power and Zhang Yimou Unit.

Pay special attention to the film "Village Opera", which is directed by the son of "People, Ghosts and Feelings". The archive will show these two films in series, and invited director Dasheng Zheng to come to the scene for communication.

Focus on Chinese films as follows:

In the master section, the archive focuses on screening.Ingmar bergman, Kurosawa, Feng Hsu, Wong Kar-waiThe film. In wes anderson, only one Isle of Dogs is shown here. The new midnight thriller will also be shown here.

The films that need to be focused on are as follows:

Yaolai international film city Wukesong branch

　

Yaolai Wukesong Studios can be said to be a collection of films from major units, includingJury chairman unit, series gluttonous unitThe film, "Jules and Jim" and other classic old films and other relatively unpopular new films.

Show Jules and Jim in memory of jeanne moreau.

　

Focus on the film list as follows:

Intermediate cinema

　

The middle cinema is relatively remote, located at No.65 Xingshikou Road, Haidian District. It takes about 18 minutes by car to get to the end of the subway line 6, Haidian Wuluju.

It is mentioned because the stage images will be shown here, especially the stage play Angels in America, starring Andrew Garfield, which is expected by many people, will be shown in series at 13:30 every afternoon on April 14th and 15th, respectively, with a total ticket price of 300 yuan.

In addition,Brilliant China Film, Zhang Yimou, ingmar bergmanOur works will also be shown here, and no tables will be listed in this part.

　

East line

Selected cinemas: Wanda Studios CBD Store, Meijia Happy Studios Sanlitun Store, Huanying Studios Heshenghui Store, Yaolai Studios Ciyun Temple Store, CGV Studios INDIGO Store and Broadway Center MOMA Store.

　

Every year, fans in the east of Beijing Film Festival have to go to the west archive to watch films, and they have a special toss and turn.

This year’s Beijing International Film Festival screening has added several cinemas in the east, where many classic films will be shown. After reading it, you will find that in fact, you can also see Beijing International Film Festival’s best films in the east.

　

Suggested route: Wanda Studios — — Huanying Cinema Heshenghui Store — — Yaolai Ciyun Temple Store — — CGV INDIGO Branch

This line must be emphasized. These cinemas are all along Line 14, so it is very convenient to catch up!

Wanda Studios CBD store has taken over the series of gluttonous units.Batman series and X-Men seriesOld films such as "Do As You Want" and other award-winning films are also among them.

stage photo

Stills of The True Story of Teddy Boy

　

Beijing Huanying Studios Heshenghui Store, which is not far from Wanda Studios (CBD Store), is a new cinema, and its Dolby Hall shows a good effect.

The films shown here includeA large number of foreign films, documentaries and opening films in the Dolby version of Titanic and the Global Vision Unit.. This cinema is located in the shopping mall, and the exit is Line 14, so it is quite convenient for fans to catch up.

Yaolai cinema ciyunsi branchIt’s also very close to Wanda CBD store. This movie theater is home toRestored films, new foreign filmsFor example, fans who want to watch the series can also choose here.

It’s just that the traffic from Wanda to Ciyun Temple is not very convenient, and bike-sharing must be ready first. Sihui station of Metro Line 1 and Jintai Road Station of Metro Line 6/14 can be reached by bike.

"The Avengers" stills

　

There is one at the station on Line 14.CGV INDIGO Cinema, the eighth Beijing International Film Festival.Ingmar bergman, pedro almodovar.Some of her works will be shown here.

Fans can put the above cinemas together to arrange films. Please refer to the summary table below for the films that need to be paid attention to.

　

Amodova stills

　

Wanda cinema CBD branch

stage photo

Beijing huanying cinema heshenghui branch

Stills of Heart Warming the Sun

　

Yaolai international film city ciyunsi branch

stage photo

　

CGV INDIGO Branch

Suggested route: Meijia Happy Cinema (Sanlitun Branch)

　

The reason why the Meijia Cinema in Sanlitun is taken out alone is because it is located in a bustling business district, which is more suitable for everyone to watch while playing.

The film shown by Meijia Sanlitun Studios is based onGlobal vision, stage images, recording units, master worksMainly, the types involved are diverse, and almost all fans can find their favorite movies.

　

stage photo

　

Focus on the following films:

Special mention: MOMA store in Broadway center

　

Broadway MOMA near Dongzhimen is mainly shown.Chinese film, Amodova unitTwo parts.

Before Beijing International Film Festival, many master units were shown here, but this year only pedro almodovar.

Amodova is a famous Spanish director, and his works pay more attention to the fate of women. The films shown this time are all very important works of Amodova in various periods. Some Chinese films are basically the same as those in the archive. Please refer to the recommended film list in the archive above.

　

stage photo

　

Focus on Amodova’s works and some Chinese films at the event:

North line

Selected cinemas: Tianmu New Caiyun Studios and UME Anzhen Store.

　

The cinemas participating in the Beijing International Film Festival screening in the north are scattered, including UME Huaxing Store, Tianmu New Caiyun Studios, UME Anzhen Store and Meijia Happy Studios Zhongguancun Store.

However, in this year’s screenings, some cinemas are too unpopular, and the number is small, so all the cinemas selected are showing more popular films.

　

Tianmu xincaiyun cinema

　

The giant screen hall of Tianmu New Caiyun Studios has always been the favorite cinema for every Beijing International Film Festival movie fan. There are many large seats on the screen, and the difficulty of grabbing tickets is slightly lower.

The screening list of the giant screen hall of this new Caiyun Studios includesWong Kar-wai, ingmar bergman, Amodova, wes anderson.The work of.

stage photo

　

Focus on:

UME cinema (anzhen branch)

　

In UME Studios every year, the arrangement of Huaxing Store is relatively good, but this year, except for foreign new films such as Barbara, other films are relatively average.

On the contrary, Anzhen Store arranged many Chinese film meeting places. Therefore, Huaxing Store can basically be put aside, and you can go to Anzhen Store to have a look.

　

stage photo

　

Focus on:

After finishing the above, Xiao Dianjun has already seen the flowers. If there is no cinema around you, go and have a look in the complete film schedule!

I wish everyone a smooth ticket grab, and Xiao Dianjun has to be prepared!

　　What should I do if I see my favorite bags, cosmetics and electronic products and have no money to buy them?

　　More than a month ago, Wang Yi, a college student in Guangxi who was short of money, tried online loans. In a QQ group named "College Student Loan", I took my nude photos and videos as collateral and borrowed 5,000 yuan from the group owner, with a monthly interest of 27%. Afterwards, as the "naked" lending storm gradually started, her mood began to be difficult to calm down.

　　"I especially regret doing such a thing now." Wang Yi told China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online reporter that at first he thought he could repay it in one month, but later he found that the interest was too high to repay. Failure to repay the loan on time means that she not only has to bear high interest, but also the nude photos of the mortgage may be published online at any time.

　　This kind of worry is not superfluous. Recently, some people have packaged photos and videos of "naked strips" with a capacity of 10G and spread them online, involving personal information, contact information of relatives and friends, and private photos and videos of as many as 167 female college students.

　　According to a survey conducted by China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online reporter, "naked loan" attracts many female college students like Wang Yi because of the low threshold, simple process and quick collection of money. On QQ, WeChat, Weibo and other social tools, there is a lot of information about college students’ "naked lending". At present, "naked lending" has derived from "meat repayment", "naked selling" and "loan teaching".

　　Tian Feng, a lawyer of Beijing Dajia Law Firm, said that "naked lending" may be suspected of violating many laws and regulations.

　　Received a loan of 5,000 yuan in 3 minutes. Too many people and friends were frequently harassed.

　　Contrary to the long-lasting nightmare, Wang Yi got the money quickly and smoothly. Wang Yi recalled that after contacting the owner, the other party sent a form. She filled in her name, age, height, ID number, student ID number and guarantor in turn, and took her nude photos and videos as collateral.

　　"After handing in the materials, I received a loan of 5,000 yuan in Alipay in less than 3 minutes." She said.

　　The monthly interest on this 5,000-yuan loan is 27%, and the monthly repayment by Wang Yi is as high as 1,350 yuan. Without a source of income, she had to borrow money from three lenders to repay her debts. The highest monthly interest rate of these three lenders is 30% and the lowest is 17%.

　　"I thought I could pay it back in a month at first, but later I found that the interest was too high and I was increasingly unable to repay it." After coming to her senses, Wang Yi found that her total arrears had reached 89,000 yuan, and these arrears were still rising.

　　"When signing the loan contract, they said that they could pay it back slowly, absolutely ensuring personal privacy, and photos and videos would never be leaked." Wang Yi told the reporter of China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online that when the total amount of her arrears reached 60,000 yuan, the borrower began to call her several times to urge her for money.

　　"They said that if they didn’t pay back the money, they would post nude photos, videos and personal information online, and they would call their family and friends, so I wouldn’t dare to answer the phone." Soon after, the lender told Wang Yi’s parents about the loan. "My family receives dozens of phone calls every day, and my parents are embarrassing me. What’s even more frightening is that I don’t even know if my photos and videos have been hung online. "

　　According to the personal information flowing out from the platform of Lending Treasure, the reporter of China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online dialed these calls, some of which showed that they were shut down or turned off, and some of them showed that they were on the phone after ringing. The reporters sent text messages to the phones that could be connected, and only one person responded, "I don’t have such a daughter without an interview."

　　"Naked" loans frequently give birth to prostitution services.

　　In the early morning of December 1, Lending Bao issued the Announcement on the Leaking of Ungraceful Photos of Online Lending Bao through Lending Bao Guanwei, saying that Lending Bao did not provide the function of sending photos, and the photos that flowed out this time were the result of packaging the "naked strips" exposed in June.

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online reporter found in QQ group search that more than 300 online loan groups appeared when keywords such as "loan" and "college student loan" were entered. In these online loan groups, in addition to engaging in "normal" student loan business, they also engage in "naked loans". The maximum number of people in the group can reach 1982, and the minimum number is about 300.

　　In order to avoid supervision, most naked QQ groups blur the group names, changing from "naked loan" to "fruit loan" and "meat compensation" to "sausage".

　　In all kinds of "naked loans" QQ groups, messages pop up from time to time: "Female college students lend naked, 3000 for junior college students and 8000 for undergraduate students without any upfront fees. The settlement period is January, and the interest is 20%." "A female college student with high face value, and a virgin, with a loan amount of 10,000 yuan and interest of 28%."

　　After a reporter from China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online sent a loan message in a naked QQ group, three lenders contacted the reporter.

　　"Naked loans are only open to female college students, and the interest rate is 25% per month. There is no bargaining." Lender Liu Hui told reporters that there are many female college students who have borrowed from him now. "Except for some families who are in urgent need of money, most of them want to buy bags, cosmetics and electronic products."

　　Liu Hui said that if he wants to borrow money, the borrower needs to send 10 nude photos of his hand-held ID card, 3 photos of his private parts, a shower video of not less than 3 minutes and other videos of not less than 3 minutes to the designated mailbox. Only after the audit is completed can the loan form be filled in, and finally the loan can be released. Subsequently, the lender sent three photos and two videos, "According to this standard. There are too many defaulters, and the requirements are very strict now. "

　　Liu Hui said that if the principal and interest can’t be paid off within the specified time, "meat compensation" is needed. He told China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online reporter that the so-called "meat compensation" is that he acts as an intermediary to ask girls who can’t repay on time to get the repayment of funds through prostitution or being "adopted".

　　"We have customers, but they are not fixed. They are absolutely healthy physically and are all rich people." Liu Hui said that many female college students have settled their debts in this way. But the specific number of times depends on their own qualifications. "If you are beautiful, a virgin, or a female college student in a key university, maybe someone will support you."

　　In addition, in a QQ group named "Beijing University Student Loan Group", the reporter found that in addition to the lenders engaged in the "meat compensation" business, some people specialize in the "meat compensation" intermediary business and extract "labor fees" from it.

　　Wang Yu, an intermediary engaged in the meat compensation agency business in this group, sent several nude photos of female college students and said that there are two ways to "play", one is to serve "fast food" and the price is 400 yuan; One is for "overnight" service, and the price is 1000 yuan. Wang Yu also stressed that "these are all college students in Beijing, and they are on-site service, and they are guaranteed to return and exchange. It is not that college students don’t want money."

　　"naked lending" and selling "naked strips"

　　In addition to the business of "naked lending", selling "naked lending" has also become the main business for lenders to make profits. According to a person engaged in this business, selling "naked strips" means that in the "naked loan" transaction, the nude photos, videos and personal data of borrowers who are unable to repay are taken to the Internet for "price sale".

　　According to the reporter of China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online, the information of selling naked strips is very common in social tools such as QQ, WeChat and Weibo. Some people even openly set up "naked strip sale" QQ group and WeChat group.

　　In a QQ group named "College Students Borrow Loans", more than 60 messages about selling naked strips are sent by the group owners every day. All members of the group are forbidden to speak, and only the group owner can send the information of selling naked strips. In front of each group member’s QQ nickname, the words "resource private chat group owner" are marked.

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online reporter then contacted the group owner Li Guang as a buyer. Li Guang said that the "naked strip" in his hand came from a friend who was engaged in "college student loan" and the information was "recent" and "very complete". At present, he has about 13G videos and photos at hand, which will be updated in the future. Through screenshots, the reporter found that these "naked strips" came from all over the country, with more than 1,500 photos and more than 300 videos.

　　"The videos and photos are played by some college girls ‘ Naked strip ’ After borrowing, you can’t repay the account on time. " Li Guang said that there are two ways to sell "naked strip" resources. One is the ordinary purchase method, the price is 80 yuan, and only the old "naked strips" are packaged. The other is VIP purchase, the price is 130 yuan, in addition to packaging the old "naked strips", there will be a one-year free "naked strip" resource update.

　　Through the screenshot of the email "delivery" sent by Li Guang in the group, the reporter found that these "naked strips" are basically updated every day, and there are more than 30 "buyers". As of press time, the update date of "naked strip" is December 3.

　　May be suspected of violating many laws and regulations.

　　In QQ groups and WeChat groups that provide loan services, news about "naked loan" teaching is also very common. According to the investigation of China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online reporter, "naked loan" teaching business has also become a new "gold-sucking" business for lenders.

　　In the name of wanting to learn the loan business, the reporter contacted a loan teaching practitioner named "A College Student Financial Loan Studio" on QQ. The person said that she is not only engaged in lending business, but also engaged in loan teaching. The business taught by the professor includes: how to make bills, how to communicate with customers, how to find customers, and so on. "With a down payment, 1000 yuan can start learning and teach until you learn."

　　She "calculated an account" for the reporter: there are about 30 students who ask her for loan advice every day. If she makes a single order a day and charges 500 yuan interest, she can earn 3,500 yuan a week. "Of course, you just started may not be skilled. But now student loans are hot, and working hard for a week, earning 2,500 yuan should not be a problem. "

　　She said that more than 20 people have been "apprenticed", mostly college students. Moreover, I have a lot of resources in my hands, which can ensure the safe recovery of the loans. "If someone doesn’t repay, you give me their information, and I’ll carry out the information for you ‘ Bombing ’ Call every day to collect the arrears. You don’t have to worry about the funds for lending, we will bear it. "

　　"At present, in addition to direct transfer by credit, naked loans can also be made through online platforms." She told China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online reporter that "naked loan" is most frequently used on two platforms: Lending Treasure and Borrowing Now. "These two institutions are like intermediaries. They can make IOUs online, and if the borrowers don’t repay, they can also help collect them."

　　After investigation, it was found that both "Lending Treasure" and "Borrowing Today" platforms mainly focus on acquaintances’ lending. Among them, "Lending Treasure" claimed in official website that it pioneered the one-way anonymous lending model among acquaintances (that is, the borrower’s real name and the lender’s anonymity), and realized direct financial transactions through the connection mechanism between people on the Internet, realizing the market-oriented pricing and free trading of personal credit. The mode is free, and the amount, interest rate and term are controlled by the lender. At the same time, a three-dimensional debt collection system has been established, with independent custody of funds and professional legal support.

　　At present, there is no mobile App on the "Today Borrowed" platform, only the website and WeChat subscription number. Among them, the website (www.jinjiedao.cn) can’t provide services, and it is only a publicity page. The main account of the "Borrowed Today" WeChat subscription number is Beijing Xiaoma Venture Capital Co., Ltd. In its function introduction, it is written that the first online IOU management platform in China has the main functions of playing IOUs, seeking loans and checking credit.

　　China Youth Daily Zhongqing Online reporter also learned that the cooperation institutions of the platform include UnionPay Mobile Payment, Shanghai Financial Information Industry Association, SEQUOIA, Micro Wealth, Yilian Payment, ZERO2IPO, Bairong Jinfu and Pengyuan Credit Information. In the lending service provided by the platform, the loan amount, repayment method, repayment date, service fee and annualized interest rate can be entered at will, of which the annualized interest rate is up to 24% and the loan amount is up to 200,000. In addition, individuals can also put funds in the platform for lending, repayment methods and loan duration can be independently selected, and the annualized interest rate cannot exceed 24%.

　　For "naked lending", Tian Feng, a lawyer of Beijing Dajia Law Firm, said that this lending method may be suspected of violating many laws and regulations, and the lender may even be suspected of criminal offences.

　　Tian Feng said that according to relevant laws and regulations, lending platforms or social networking platforms are obliged to review relevant content, and assume the responsibility of cleaning up and managing QQ group, WeChat group and WeChat WeChat official account in the platform. "For ‘ Naked loan ’ This kind of lending behavior, if the lending platform or social platform fails to fulfill its obligations of cleaning up and management, also needs to bear relevant legal responsibilities according to relevant laws and regulations. "

　　Tian Feng told China Youth Daily and Zhongqing Online reporter that "naked loan" is still a loan relationship in the final analysis, and there is no way to generalize whether these loan contracts are valid. It is effective only from the perspective of loan relationship — — In lending, female college students voluntarily mortgage their nude photos or videos to lenders to obtain so-called loans. "However, according to the relevant laws and regulations, if the annual interest rate of loans is greater than 24%, it may not be protected by law."

　　"Lenders upload nude photos and videos of girls to the Internet, which is suspected of spreading obscene articles; Uploading the personal information of girls, relatives and friends to the Internet is suspected of infringing citizens’ personal information; Calling to harass, threaten and intimidate is suspected of violating the People’s Republic of China (PRC) Public Security Administration Punishment Law. If the lender’s behavior is suspected of a criminal offence, it may bear criminal responsibility. " Tian Feng said.

　　(Wang Yi, Liu Hui and Li Guang are all pseudonyms in the text)

　　　　　　　　The live broadcast of The Paper Golden Week is in progress. Another golden week is coming, where are you?

　　　　　　　　Is it on the way to the scenic spot, or is it to continue the busy work before the holiday?

　　　　　　　　Up to now, Golden Week has been with us for 15 years.

　　　　　　　　On September 18th, 1999, the State Council issued "National Holidays and Remembrance Days", and decided to increase public holidays. The concept of Golden Week came into being.

　　　　　　　　In the past 15 years, Chinese has experienced the surge of tourists, the "faint sadness" when the May 1 Golden Week was cancelled, and the chaotic mode of "taking three days off, six days off in the sky, one day off in the sky, seven days off in the sky and one day off in the Mid-Autumn Festival".

In April, 2001, the blooming peony in Luoyang made viewers rush to take photos as a souvenir. CFP data map

　　　　　　　　The live broadcast of The Paper Golden Week is in progress. In fact, the discussion on the abolition of the Golden Week has always existed, and the pace of holiday reform has never stopped.

　　　　　　　　In 2013, the General Office of the State Council issued the Outline of National Tourism and Leisure (2013-2020), which stated that by 2020, the paid annual leave system for employees will be basically implemented.

　　　　　　　　In August this year, "Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting the Reform and Development of Tourism" was issued, and then the paid vacation system was proposed.

　　　　　　　　In September this year, the inter-ministerial joint meeting on tourism in the State Council was established, and the inter-ministerial coordination meeting on national holiday tourism was cancelled. This also means that the National Holiday Office, which has been performing its duties for 14 years, will wave goodbye to the people and its functions will be replaced by the Joint Conference Office.

　　　　　　　　Cai Jiming, an honorary professor of Tsinghua University Institute of Social Sciences and head of the holiday reform research group in Tsinghua University, said in an interview with The Paper (www.thepaper.cn) that these signals sent a clear message: the holiday system in our country has been and is developing towards the full implementation of paid holidays. With the implementation of paid holidays, the Golden Week will also go down the historical stage.

The birth of golden week　 　 　 　　

　　　　　　　　In 1949, the "National Holidays and Remembrance Days" (hereinafter referred to as the "Measures") was revised three times.

　　　　　　　　The three amendments were made in 1999, 2007 and 2013, respectively, and the relevant the State Council Orders were signed and passed by then Prime Minister Zhu Rongji, Wen Jiabao and Li Keqiang of the State Council.

　　　　　　　　The emergence of the concept of Golden Week is related to the first revision of the Measures.

　　　　　　　　On September 18th, 1999, the State Council promulgated the National Holidays and Remembrance Days, and decided to increase public holidays. The Measures shall come into force as of the date of promulgation.

　　　　　　　　The Measures stipulate that holidays for all citizens include New Year, Spring Festival, Labor Day and National Day. Among them, except for the New Year holiday, which lasts for one day, all the other three festivals have three days off.

　　　　　　　　However, the 7-day "small holiday" needs to be pieced together with weekends.

　　　　　　　　The national holiday office plays a key role in it. In 2000, the national inter-ministerial coordination meeting on holiday tourism was established, and a holiday office was set up to arrange public holidays.

　　　　　　　　Before every holiday, the National Holiday Office will routinely issue a notice to inform the seven-day Golden Week holiday, and at the same time tell the holiday tourism coordination agencies of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government to do a good job in the work of the current Golden Week of the year.

　　　　　　　　In this way, the Spring Festival, May 1st and 11th statutory holidays of three days, plus the two weekends before and after the adjustment, have formed a "small holiday" of seven days in a row three times a year.

　　　　　　　　According to the report of China Business News in 2000, there were seven days off on May Day that year, and more than 40 million people went out to travel, and the tourism income exceeded 18.1 billion yuan.

　　　　　　　　According to the report, because this phenomenon of concentrated tourism consumption is unprecedented and it is a seven-day long holiday, many business people are full of infinite reverie about it, and the seven-day long holiday has also begun to be called the Golden Week.

Reflection behind prosperity　 　 　 　　

　　　　　　　　The Golden Week gave birth to the holiday economy: there was a "blowout" of tourists in the scenic spot, and businesses earned "a lot of money". However, behind the prosperity, the voice of reflection is endless.

　　　　　　　　In 2003, Economic Daily published an article, proposing that "the institutional arrangement of Golden Week is obviously planned, which is not conducive to the long-term development of tourism".

　　　　　　　　According to the article, the Golden Week is only to release the demand in a centralized way, and it cannot create demand by itself. The root cause of insufficient domestic demand lies in the low income level of people, especially the low income level of low-income people and farmers in cities.

　　　　　　　　As a result, "the business has obviously shrunk in sales for a period of time after the Golden Week".

　　　　　　　　The article also puts forward some thorny problems such as "most scenic spots are overcrowded, food, clothing, housing and transportation are much more expensive than usual, services are generally discounted, and there are problems in the protection of scenic spots".

　　　　　　　　The article also points out that the introduction of a system must have its specific background conditions. This particular background condition will change with the passage of time, so the system must also change-either amending the old system or introducing a new system.

　　　　　　　　"The same is true of this specific system of Golden Week." The article said.

　　　　　　　　There are also many versions of the replacement plan for the Golden Week. On February 27th, 2004, Ji Baocheng, then president of China Renmin University, suggested adding traditional festivals as legal holidays, canceling the Golden Week and strengthening the Spring Festival holiday.

　　　　　　　　The other is to cancel the weekend and piece together a "small holiday" every month to divert the passenger flow during the Golden Week.

　　　　　　　　According to the Beijing News in 2005, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the report "2005: Macroeconomic Trends under the Double Steady Policy", in which it was suggested to reform the "weekend", changing two days off every week to one day off, and moving the rest day to the end of the month together, which would be enough to implement a small golden week of four or five days every month to replace the May Day and the Eleventh Golden Week.

　　　　　　　　Wang Xiaoguang, then director of the Economic Operation and Development Research Office of the Macroeconomic Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission, said that the proposal to cancel the weekend was because "the Golden Week led to the irrationality of resource allocation".

　　　　　　　　According to the report, due to the extremely unbalanced leisure time, many unreasonable phenomena have been caused, and the off-peak season of tourism and leisure has been artificially unbalanced, resulting in a huge waste of tourism resources.

　　　　　　　　In addition, during the Golden Week, roads, railways, air traffic, hotels, shops and service industries all bear huge loads.

　　　　　　　　At the beginning of 2005, the relevant person in charge of the National Tourism Administration made it clear that they did discuss the adjustment of long vacation arrangements, but finally decided to continue to implement the Golden Week holiday system and it was impossible to cancel the Golden Week holiday.

　　　　　　　　However, the "resolute" attitude of the National Tourism Administration did not last long.

the abolition of the five one golden week　 　 　 　　

　　　　　　　　In June 2005, the relevant departments of the central government issued a document detailing the importance of adding New Year’s Eve, Lantern Festival, Qingming Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival.

　　　　　　　　This seems to indicate that the plan of replacing the Golden Week with traditional festivals is gradually gaining an advantage.

　　　　　　　　According to the legal network, a new round of discussion upsurge appeared on January 22, 2007. On that day, the National Development and Reform Commission went to Renmin University of China to listen to the opinions of increasing the traditional festivals in China as legal holidays.

　　　　　　　　In February of the same year, Xinhua News Agency published a long and in-depth analysis of the policy background of the Golden Week adjustment. Ten local media, including Guangzhou Information Times, Shanghai Morning News and Hangzhou Metropolitan Express, jointly called for the inclusion of New Year’s Eve as a legal holiday.

　　　　　　　　The following month, the Central Committee of China Association for the Promotion of Democracy suggested to the State Council that traditional festivals should be added to statutory holidays.

　　　　　　　　Then, a number of folk experts also jointly suggested that the government should legislate to better combine holidays with folk culture. Gao Bingzhong, vice president of China Folklore Society and professor of Peking University, thinks that the reform of holiday is a tribute to China culture.

　　　　　　　　On November 9, 2007, the plan of the National Legal Holiday Adjustment Research Group was published on People’s Daily Online, Xinhuanet, the website of the National Development and Reform Commission, Sina, Sohu and other websites to conduct public opinion surveys.

　　　　　　　　On December 14th of this year, Wen Jiabao, then Prime Minister of the State Council, signed the State Council Order No.513: the State Council’s Decision on Amending the National Holidays and Remembrance Days, which was adopted at the 198th executive meeting in the State Council on December 7th, 2007, is hereby promulgated and will come into force on January 1st, 2008.

　　　　　　　　In the next two days, major national media published the full text of the revision. The basic content was that New Year’s Day, Tomb-Sweeping Day, Labor Day, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival all had one day off except the Spring Festival and National Day.

　　　　　　　　In other words, it is to change the 7-day long holiday of the May Day Golden Week into a 3-day long holiday and add 3 traditional holidays as legal holidays. Almost at the same time, the State Council issued regulations on paid vacation.

The rise of paid vacation　 　 　 　　

　　　　　　　　On December 7, 2007, the executive meeting of the State Council adopted the Regulations on Paid Annual Leave for Employees, which came into effect on January 1, 2008.

　　　　　　　　The Regulations on Paid Annual Leave for Employees stipulates that, except for statutory holidays, "employees who have worked for more than one year and less than 10 years shall be given an annual leave of 5 days; If it has been 10 years but less than 20 years, the annual leave will be 10 days; If it has been 20 years, the annual leave will be 15 days. "

　　　　　　　　In September of the same year, Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security promulgated the Measures for the Implementation of Paid Annual Leave for Enterprise Employees.

　　　　　　　　In fact, paid vacation, as a statutory system, was written into the Labor Law as early as 1994. The holiday regulations adjusted and promulgated in 2007 vaguely revealed the intention of changing the holiday arrangement from golden week holiday to paid holiday.

　　　　　　　　However, the implementation of paid vacation is still a difficult problem.

　　　　　　　　According to China News Weekly, some employees of enterprises can’t even get overtime pay for holidays, and some even haven’t signed labor contracts or participated in social insurance, not to mention paid annual leave.

　　　　　　　　According to a report by Zhongan Online in 2012, 67% of office workers have difficulty in enjoying paid vacation, and experts who support paid vacation also admit that only 40% to 50% of the paid vacation system has been implemented.

　　　　　　　　According to a ranking published by CNN on the length of paid holidays in various countries, Brazil and Lithuania ranked first with 41 days, while China ranked last with 21 days.

　　　　　　　　As a result, the "paid holiday" can’t replace the voice of the Golden Week.

　　　　　　　　After the 18th National Congress, the timetable and roadmap for the implementation of paid vacation were released.

　　　　　　　　In 2013, the General Office of the State Council issued the Outline of National Tourism and Leisure (2013-2020), which stated that by 2020, the paid annual leave system for employees will be basically implemented.

　　　　　　　　In March 2014, Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China proposed in the government work report that "it is necessary to expand service consumption, support social forces to set up various service organizations, focus on the development of services such as pension, health, tourism and culture, and implement the paid vacation system."

　　　　　　　　In July of the same year, Li Keqiang mentioned "implementing the paid vacation system" at the the State Council executive meeting. In addition, Li Zhong, spokesman of the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, made it clear in January this year that it would promote the implementation of the paid vacation system for employees.

　　　　　　　　On August 21st, the Chinese government website published "Several Opinions of the State Council on Promoting Tourism Reform and Development" (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"), which clearly defined the tourism industry from the national level.

　　　　　　　　The "Opinions" clearly put forward that the implementation of the paid annual leave system should be included in the agenda of local governments, as an important part of labor inspection and the protection of employees’ rights and interests, and institutions should be promoted to accelerate the implementation of the paid annual leave system for employees.

　　　　　　　　The Opinions also encourage employees to flexibly arrange paid annual leave in combination with personal needs and actual work.

　　　　　　　　In addition, under the condition that the total teaching time remains unchanged, colleges and universities can adjust the winter and summer vacation time according to the actual situation, and primary and secondary schools can arrange spring break according to relevant regulations, creating conditions for employees to implement paid annual leave.

　　　　　　　　The "Opinions" clarify that the system of paid annual leave is the responsibility of Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the All-China Federation of Trade Unions and other departments, and put forward specific measures before the end of June 2015.

National Holiday Office waved goodbye.　 　 　 　　

　　　　　　　　Nearly a month after the publication of the Opinions, the National Holiday Office, which has been in operation for 14 years, waved goodbye to the people.

　　　　　　　　According to the news of the Chinese government website on September 15th, the State Council agreed to establish an inter-ministerial joint conference system for tourism work in the State Council led by the State Council.

　　　　　　　　At the same time, the relevant documents of the State Council decided to cancel the national inter-ministerial coordination meeting on holiday tourism and merge its functions into the inter-ministerial joint meeting on tourism in the State Council.

　　　　　　　　This means that the National Holiday Office, which has been with us for 14 years, no longer exists.

　　　　　　　　The newly established Inter-Ministerial Joint Conference Office of the State Council Tourism will undertake the daily work of the joint conference, and the main responsible comrades of the Tourism Bureau will also serve as the director of the office.

　　　　　　　　In an interview with The Paper, Cai Jiming said that the cancellation of the National Holiday Office also sent a clear message: the holiday system in our country has been and is developing towards the full implementation of paid holidays.

　　　　　　　　Cai Jiming said that in 2008, the regulations on paid vacation had just been promulgated, so only the May Day Golden Week was cancelled that year, which was a way of gradual reform. After the paid vacation is fully implemented, people’s travel needs for "small holidays" will be met, and the Golden Week will gradually fade out.

　　　　　　　　

This article is selected from "Snowball", the author "TF Securities Institute", the original title.Xiaomi Series 1: Hardware Company or Internet Company? 》。

From the first moment of reading the prospectus, most investors are as concerned as the author: what is the proportion of Xiaomi’s hardware business vs Internet service? What has changed in the past few years and what is the future trend? Can consumer IoT business achieve the next generation Internet overlord? Evolution leads to the final answer about valuation. Therefore, this paper tries to discuss from this angle: Is Xiaomi a hardware company or an Internet company?

First, at first glance, Xiaomi: bottoming out, IoT brings imagination.

First of all, look at the organizational structure. Xiaomi is a company based on smart phones, extending the industrial chain through smart hardware and consumer goods, and building a strong consumer stickiness network. By directly holding 100% shares of its 10 overseas subsidiaries, Xiaomi Group holds a total of 75 holding sun companies and their subsidiaries. By the end of 18Q1, it has established an ecological chain including more than 210 companies through investment, of which more than 90 are smart hardware and consumer products companies. In the history of Xiaomi, 9 rounds of financing have been completed, raising a total of $1.571 billion.

Second, financial data. From 2015 to 2017, the company’s revenue was 66.811 billion yuan, 68.434 billion yuan and 114.625 billion yuan respectively, with CAGR =30.98% and +67.50% in 2017.
YoY; Under non-IFRS measurement (excluding the influence of changes in fair value of cocoa convertible redeemable preferred shares and equity incentives), the adjusted net profit was-304 million yuan, 1.896 billion yuan and 5.362 billion yuan respectively; The net cash flow from operating activities is-2.601 billion yuan, 4.531 billion yuan and-996 billion yuan; The gross profit margin was 4.0%, 10.6% and 13.2%, which was gradually improved.

Revenue in 2016 was basically the same as that of the previous year, but by category, smartphone revenue dropped from 53.715 billion yuan in 2015 to 48.764 billion yuan in 2016, and increased by 65.21% year-on-year to 80.564 billion yuan in 2017, bottoming out. The revenue of IoT and consumer goods segment maintained a steady increase, from 8.691 billion yuan in 15 years to 23.448 billion yuan in 17 years, with a compound growth rate of 64%. The company’s leading market layout IoT has become the world’s largest consumer-grade IoT platform in terms of the number of connected devices (excluding smartphones and laptops), and this layout has also brought strong imagination for Xiaomi’s future development.

In 2017, the company’s Internet service revenue was 9.896 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 51.37%, which was weaker than that of smartphones 65.21% and IoT and consumer goods 88.86% in the same period. So can we judge that Xiaomi is not an internet company, but a hardware-driven growth company? We don’t think this is the case. The hardware business growth formed by these two parts is the basis for Xiaomi’s Internet expansion. Without a large number of hardware foundations, big data collection is out of the question, and consumer stickiness can’t compete with current giants such as Ali, Tencent, and even headlines and Meituan, so the attributes of the Internet platform are difficult to stabilize. Therefore, whether the final form of Xiaomi Ecology can become an Internet giant, in the short to medium term, we still need to observe the layout of its hardware business, and once it is formed into an ecological network with high valuation, it will be stable. In the following part of the article, we will elaborate on it in detail.

Second, the hardware attributes of Xiaomi:

In the company’s revenue, the hardware part (smart phones, IoT and consumer goods) accounts for a high proportion. In 2017, it contributed 90.74% of revenue and 59.73% of gross profit, which constituted the basic disk of Xiaomi’s ecology. So what is the future growth of hardware business? We think it is divided into two parts:

The future focus of smart phones lies in: stabilizing domestic sales, enhancing brand image+global cost performance;

The focus of IoT and consumer goods lies in: how to form exponential sales, improve penetration rate and form a strong position of smart home & wearable device in the long run under the background of the combination of consumption upgrading and rationalization.

1. Smartphones: increase the unit price with a stable domestic share and seize the market overseas.

In 2017, the sales volume of Xiaomi smartphones reached 91.41 million units, +64.9%YoY, which rebounded against the trend; The average selling price is 881.3 yuan, which is basically the same as last year. Although the profitability is low, the recovery of mobile phone market share has provided Xiaomi with good cash flow and excellent brand awareness. According to IDC’s global smartphone shipment statistics, under the background of global smartphone shipment slowdown, thanks to the firm foothold in the domestic market and the expansion of overseas markets, the company’s shipment growth rate in the past 17 years is much higher than the industry average growth rate.

1.1 domestic market: gain a firm foothold and reshape the brand image of high-end models.

In the domestic market, the market share was further concentrated in the top five manufacturers in 2017, with Cr5 = 75.6% in 2017 > 66.5% in 2016. Xiaomi’s shipment increased from 8.9% in 16 years to 12.4% in 17 years. The reasons for the increase in share are as follows: on the one hand, Xiaomi launched a number of new model combinations covering the low-to-high-end market, and the low-end models were outstanding in cost performance, and the high-end models innovated and radically reshaped the brand; On the other hand, it continued to optimize its marketing and channels, sponsored the high-rated variety show "Hip-hop in China", and Wu Yifan, the spokesperson, further attracted young consumers. In terms of channels, while consolidating online advantages, we will speed up the opening of Xiaomi homes and increase offline distribution. By the end of Q1 2018, there were 331 Xiaomi homes nationwide; In 2017, the average retail income of Xiaomi Home retail self-operated stores was about RMB240,000 per square meter, ranking second among global retail chain stores according to iResearch.

As the domestic market has entered a stable period of stock substitution, the upgrade bonus of low-line consumption has basically ended, and the overall shipment volume may decline to some extent. According to IDC’s forecast, the mobile phone shipment in China market in 2018 may be 435.7 million units, which is lower than the level in 16-17 years. We believe that the focus of Xiaomi’s future domestic smartphone business growth will shift to the change of models. In 2017, the average selling price of Xiaomi mobile phone is still in the low-priced smartphone segment of less than 200 dollars (the proportion of national sales of mobile phones at this price has dropped from 56.8% in 2015 to 39.9% in 2017, down by nearly 17pcts). The upgrading of consumption and intergenerational switching of consumers have made mid-to-high-end models more popular. Recently, Xiaomi Mix2s full-screen mobile phone with a price of 3,299 has been launched by Xiaomi. In the process of consumers’ gradual transformation from the original "diaosi" positioning to "middle class" and "young people", we believe that the layout of average price increase has been further optimized.

In addition, in the context of laying out offline channels, we believe that Xiaomi still has a greater offline incremental advantage than OPPO and vivo of the same popular models. According to People’s Daily’s statistics on the number of stores, the growth of OPPO’s shipments is basically proportional to the growth of offline stores. The Sino report shows that OPPO and vivo stores in the third-and fourth-tier cities of 18Q1 have once seen the tide of closing stores. Therefore, in this context, we expect that due to the small number of Xiaomi stores and the expansion period, the probability of grabbing offline market share is greater. Therefore, we believe that in the medium and long term, the domestic market shipments of Xiaomi will maintain a steady increase.

1.2 Overseas markets: cost-effective to seize emerging markets.

Overseas revenue data highlights the layout and growth of Xiaomi in overseas markets. In 2015-2017, the company’s overseas revenue was 40.6, 9.15 and 32.08 billion yuan respectively, with a compound annual growth rate of 181%; In 2017, the company’s overseas revenue was 32.1 billion yuan, accounting for 28% from 13% in 16 years, with a year-on-year growth rate of 250.43%.

Overseas markets such as India contributed mainly to the growth. By the end of March 18, Xiaomi had entered 74 countries and regions. According to IDC data, 17Q4 Xiaomi ranks in the top five in smartphone shipments in 15 markets around the world, among which India ranks first (26.8%) in terms of market share by shipments, and third (7.3%) in emerging markets (except Australia, Canada, Chinese mainland, Japan, South Korea, the United States and Western Europe). 18Q1 Xiaomi shipped 28 million units worldwide, up 87.8% year-on-year, ranking fourth with a global market share of 5%.

From the perspective of industry trends, according to IDC, the penetration rate of smart phones in overseas emerging markets is still far behind the global average and non-emerging markets. In 2017, the penetration rate of emerging markets was only 37.7%, far lower than the domestic level of 64.5% and 83.1% in other regions. Therefore, smartphone shipments in overseas markets will have greater growth opportunities in the future. For emerging markets, cost-effective smartphones are the best choice. In this respect, we have been partially verified in the Indian market. Although OPPO and vivo have adopted the same strategy of laying offline stores and increasing advertising marketing in India, Xiaomi’s smartphone market share in India has been significantly ahead of the sum of the two (17Q4: 11.4%). The e-commerce strategy adopted in China in that year was effective again, and this time it also optimized the response speed of the supply chain. We expect the growth of shipments in emerging markets to become an important growth engine for Xiaomi’s smartphone business.

To sum up, we believe that the smartphone business will maintain a steady improvement. The launch of new models with mid-to-high-end price will improve the average sales price and increase the growth of revenue. The overseas market will provide Xiaomi with effective growth in sales.

2. IoT and consumer products: launch explosive products, expand categories and enhance stickiness.

First of all, look at the market size and growth. According to iResearch, the number of global consumer-grade IoT terminals will increase from 4.9 billion in 2017 to 15.3 billion in 2022, CAGR.
=25.4%。 The number of consumer IoT terminals in Chinese mainland market will increase from 1.3 billion in 2017 to 4.5 billion in 2022, with CAGR =28.2%.

According to iResearch, the global sales of consumer-grade IoT hardware increased from $306.3 billion in 15 years to $485.9 billion in 17 years, with CAGR=26%, of which Chinese mainland increased from $71.5 billion to $118.8 billion, with CAGR=28.9%. It is estimated that the global and China consumer-grade IoT hardware sales will reach 1.55 trillion and 311.8 billion dollars respectively in 2022, and the CAGR will be 26.1% and 21.3% respectively in 17-22 years.

2.1 The core of truly forming an IoT network lies in whether it can connect a lot of hardware.

If we say that we are called Internet companies because we earn advertising revenue and game sharing by selling smart phones, I believe we cannot convince most consumers and investors. The reason is that almost all mobile phone companies have their own stores, all of which provide basic apps, which can be divided into advertisements, games and pre-installations. The market still thinks that Apple, Samsung and Huawei are all hardware companies, so why can Xiaomi be given the expectations of Internet companies? We believe that the core is the Internet of Things formed by smart homes and smart hardware built by Xiaomi, which is expected to become the next biggest ecology after the mobile Internet. Unlike PC Internet and mobile Internet, the Internet of Things is highly dependent on hardware, and less mature hardware companies (such as home appliance manufacturers) are willing to actively open third-party ports. Therefore, the basis for the ecological realization of the Internet of Things platform is who owns the most intelligent hardware with different attributes in the connection. The smart hardware market is extremely fragmented. In terms of the market share of consumer-grade IoT calculated by the number of connected devices (excluding smartphones and laptops) in 2017, Xiaomi ranked first with a share of 1.7%, followed by Apple, Amazon, Samsung and Google.

Take smart speakers as an example: smart speakers with speech recognition and AI technology are considered to be an important entrance in the Internet of Things era, so we have seen overseas markets Amazon launch Echo, Apple’s HomePod and Google’s Google.
Home, the domestic market including Alibaba’s Tmall Elf, Tencent’s Listening and Listening, JD.COM’s Ding Dong, Xiaomi’s Little Love classmate, etc. have also been launched one after another to seize the entrance. The value of smart speaker as the entrance of control center is determined, but at present, its function is still relatively insignificant, and it is often regarded as a toy by consumers. Its function mainly lies in setting alarm clocks, listening to music, etc. To really become the entrance of smart home or Internet of Things era, its core key point lies in whether enough hardware can be connected to form data exchange and interaction with each other.

At present, all major Internet companies have launched speakers and developer platforms in the hope of becoming an interface or standard in the field of intelligent hardware in the future. To become a standard, we think it is difficult to rely on pure online mode. Moreover, if the price is high, the penetration rate of various kinds of hardware will not reach a certain level, so smart home will be difficult to achieve, which will lead to the goal of becoming a standard. From the current point of view, we believe that Xiaomi is the company that is most likely to build an Internet of Things ecosystem at present.

2.2 Intelligent hardware network of Xiaomi ecological chain: expanding categories and creating explosions.

Xiaomi has built an ecological chain by investing in more than 90 smart hardware and consumer goods companies. In 2017, the revenue of the company’s IoT and consumer goods division was 23.448 billion yuan, +88.9%YoY, of which the revenue of major IoT products such as smart TVs and laptops was 8.314 billion yuan (accounting for 35.5% of the revenue of this division), +146.5%.
YoY。 According to iResearch data, Xiaomi’s smart hardware, including mobile power supply, air purifier and electric scooter, ranked first in global shipments in 2017, and sports bracelets ranked first in China and second in the world in 2017. In the Double Eleven in 2017, Xiaomi ranked first in terms of shipments in more than 20 product categories of Tmall.

Chart: Construction of Xiaomi Ecological Chain

Source: Company Announcement, TF Securities Research Institute.

In the previous section, I mentioned smart speakers that are expected to be the entrance of smart homes. By the end of 18Q1, Xiao Ai could control 118 models of products, including Xiaomi box, Xiaomi sweeping robot, Mijia IH rice cooker, Xiaomi air purifier, Zhimi floor fan and intelligent lamps. From the cumulative number of smart devices activated by Xiao AI, a built-in AI assistant, it has reached 7 million at the end of 2017 and 23 million at the end of 2018Q1. Because Xiaomi is committed to realizing the layout with low gross profit, few intermediate links and high turnover, it is expected to continue to launch explosive products in smart homes, thus creating a gradually improved Internet of Things ecosystem. In addition, by the end of 18Q1, there were more than 580 developers accessing Xiaomi’s IoT developer platform. With the increase of Xiaomi’s penetration rate in the future, it is expected to attract more developers to access, thus forming a good synergy.

When Xiaomi cut into IoT and consumer goods, he first chose the category in the ant market: that is, the whole market is like a huge cake, which is divided by countless small manufacturers. In the big market where ants share food, there is no absolutely leading big enterprise. The ant market is characterized by a low threshold and is prone to two phenomena of extreme differentiation: 1. There are a large number of cheap and poor products, and 2. The high-quality products are overpriced. For example, air purifiers, patch panels, charging treasures, etc. all had this phenomenon in the past. Therefore, Xiaomi achieved high quality and low price by extremely simplifying the design and compressing the supply chain, thus quickly cutting into 80% of the market and grabbing the share. The negative result is that the market questions whether Xiaomi can have an advantage in the relatively mature hardware market after the category of ant market is developed. We believe that in the field of traditional household appliances such as empty ice washing, the market concentration is high and the head manufacturers are stable, so it is relatively low for Xiaomi to cut in and gain high market share; However, in the small household appliances market that can be intellectualized, due to the relatively low market penetration rate, the company is expected to cut into the cultivation market and continue to expand the category layout.

To sum up, we believe that IoT and consumer goods are the most high-growth businesses of Xiaomi in the medium term. While maintaining the popularity of Xiaomi brand and increasing revenue and cash flow by investing in eco-chain enterprises, it is more important to continue to expand categories and increase the number of connected devices through explosions, which will provide a basis for potential Internet value-added service income in the future.

Third, Xiaomi’s Internet attributes: future expectations

The reason why people from Lei Jun to the prospectus are more willing to define Xiaomi as an Internet company is that the periodicity of hardware is short, just like 18 months in Moore’s Law, and the iterative update speed of hardware products is fast, so it is often difficult to predict the future sustainability after the end of the life cycle of a generation of products. The advantage of network operation is that the strong stickiness of the network can span the periodic fluctuation, so the user value based on the network determines the value of the company, and even the final victory. So we need to discuss whether Xiaomi’s Internet attributes are complete and sustainable.

First of all, still look at the income performance and composition. In 2017, Internet service revenue was 9.896 billion yuan, +51.4%.
YoY, accounting for 8.63% of the total income; Among them, advertising service was 5.614 billion yuan, +46.3% YoY, and online game operating income in value-added services was 2.546 billion yuan, +19.3%.
YoY, the income from other services was 1.736 billion yuan, +207.6%.
YoY。 The average Internet service income per user in 2015-2017 was 28.9 yuan, 48.5 yuan and 57.9 yuan respectively. The overall growth rate is not high, so if we only look at this figure, it is difficult for Xiaomi to be truly regarded as an Internet company.

Gross profit contribution: At present, Internet service revenue contributes 39% to the gross profit level, and its gross profit rate is 60.23%, which is significantly higher than 8.81% of smartphones and 8.32% of IoT and consumer goods. It can be expected that after more smart devices are connected, Internet service revenue is expected to accelerate.

By the end of 17th century, the number of MAU in MIUI was 171 million, and it was about 190 million at the end of 18th Q1, which kept a steady increase. It owns 38 applications with more than 10 million MAU and 18 applications with more than 50 million MAU, including Xiaomi Browser, Xiaomi App Store, Xiaomi Music and Xiaomi Video. Although these business data seem bright, we think it does not reflect Xiaomi’s unique Internet attributes.

But this does not mean that Xiaomi does not have Internet attributes. We believe that Xiaomi’s truly unique Internet ecosystem, which is different from most smartphone manufacturers, is still in the incubation period. The reason is that, unlike companies that make hardware profits, Xiaomi sells hardware products in a way close to the cost price (no more than 5% of the net profit level), aiming to build an Internet of Everything platform and provide value-added services on it in the future. Such value-added services include existing advertising services (but they may be intelligently pushed based on multiple smart home hardware and wearable device data) and cloud services, as well as potential big health services, transportation services, education services and so on. And the foundation of all this is intelligent hardware. Therefore, it means that at present, more Internet service income based on smart phones does not show the potential of Xiaomi’s Internet. Xiaomi’s future Internet income lies in the service income of the Internet of Things platform, while the service income and profit of the Internet of Things platform are based on the qualitative change caused by the quantitative change of hardware for a long time.

The risk is that in the domestic mobile phone market facing the pressure of shipment, not only Xiaomi and Samsung, but also other domestic mobile phone manufacturers such as Huawei and OPPO have started the business of intelligent hardware, while competitors include Netease and even Ali and Tencent who have also made smart speakers. In the case of intensified competition, how to ensure the quality to strengthen consumer stickiness and expand the number of connected devices is the key factor for Xiaomi’s Internet service business to finally achieve rapid growth.

Fourth, summary

To sum up, in the short term, we believe that Xiaomi is still a company with hardware as its main source of income, while the realization of the long-term Internet of Things ecological platform is extremely dependent on the scale and penetration rate of its hardware. Therefore, in the long term, Xiaomi’s hardware and the Internet are actually complementary and indispensable, and the income is expected to be equally divided, while the profit is mainly contributed by Internet services. Therefore, in the short term, the market will be more viewed from a hardware perspective, while in the long term, we believe that Xiaomi has the opportunity and strength to become a real next-generation Internet giant.

(Editor: Jiang Yu)

　　In recent years, the Communist Youth League Committee of Rongshui Miao Autonomous County, Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province has set up a "six-point classroom" in Miaojia Town and Miaomei Community, which are resettlement communities for poverty alleviation in ex situ, and regularly organized young volunteers to carry out activities such as homework counseling, self-care education, and science and technology classroom for young people here, enriching their extracurricular life and helping them better integrate into the new learning and living environment. Xinhua News Agency reporter Huang Xiaobang/photo

　　Recalling the scene that evening, Wu Fang was still a little scared.

　　That day, Xiao Qi, a naughty third-grade boy, hit another child. Seeing that their child was beaten, the other parents picked up a stick and pointed it at Xiaoqi, threatening to beat him viciously. Fortunately, Wu Fang arrived in time to protect Xiaoqi.

　　Wu Fang is the head of a children’s center in Guiyang, Guizhou. The children who come to the children’s center are basically migrant children, and some people call them "children of migrant workers". Most of these children’s parents work in Guiyang, the provincial capital, and the children live with their parents, getting rid of the fate of "left-behind children", but they have become another group that government departments, sociologists and public welfare organizations are highly concerned about — — Migrant children.

　　The floating children’s groups and public policies in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and other megacities have attracted much attention, and the relevant research is relatively sufficient. In more ordinary cities, the situation of migrant children also needs more attention. Guiyang is a medium-sized city, and the current situation of local floating children may be used as an observation sample.

　　Fighting is their way of communication.

　　In mid-February, the wet and cold winter in Guiyang was not over yet, and the air conditioner in the children’s center was blowing warm air, and a pungent smell became more and more obvious. That’s the smell of children.

　　Most of the children served by this children’s center are rented in the village with their parents. A house with a monthly rent of 300 to 400 yuan has no supporting toilet, only a small public toilet. Some people describe it as "it is difficult to squat down". There are even fewer bathrooms.

　　Xiaoqi is one of many children in the children’s center. In the children’s center, he often fights with other children, which gives Wu Fang a headache.

　　But Wu Fang felt sorry for him: Xiaoqi was abandoned by his biological mother since childhood, and his stepmother often beat him. It is conceivable that a child who grew up in this family environment, fighting is his way of communication.

　　Xiaoqi is not the most special one among the children who often come to the children’s center.

　　Wen Cheng, the head of a public welfare organization in Guiyang, told reporters that the family environment of many migrant children is very complicated, and it is quite common for parents to divorce. In the most complicated families, both spouses may bring children from the last marriage and give birth to new children. Some families have as many as seven or eight children.

　　Some children rent in Guiyang with their grandparents, their parents work in other provinces, and grandparents do odd jobs in Guiyang. Such children are called "second left-behind children". Sometimes the old man has something to do and goes back to his hometown, leaving only the children alone in Guiyang.

　　In such a family, older children have to bear the burden of life early. Some parents require that older children must take their younger brothers and sisters with them if they want to go to the children’s center, or they will take their younger brothers and sisters at home. Wu Fang is somewhat helpless about this. The Children’s Center originally only accepted primary school children, but now it has to take on more responsibilities. Once a kindergarten child wet his pants, Wu Fang had to take care of dozens of children and help him change his pants.

　　Wen Cheng said that his public welfare organization often comes to some naughty children. Therefore, parents who are strict with their children think that there are too many "bad children" here and their children are not allowed to come. Families with better economic conditions may send their children to interest classes and will not send them to public welfare organizations.

　　The future of these children can’t help worrying.

　　A prosecutor engaged in procuratorial work for minors talked about a similar phenomenon to the reporter of Zhongqing Daily and Zhongqing. com: When investigating cases involving minors, it is not difficult to find that parents often quarrel or migrant children from divorced families are more likely to go astray. What’s more, some children who violate the criminal law often lose contact with their parents during the investigation period of conditional non-prosecution.

　　Some public welfare organizations try to use art to guide children, for example, to increase their patience through painting courses. After years of "training", the children can’t sit still for half an hour at first, but they can patiently paint a picture with oil pastels, and they can also use their imagination to enrich the language of the picture.

　　Wen Cheng feels that after such careful companionship, children will become gentler in dealing with people and fight less often.

　　The absence of parents makes them take charge early.

　　The heavy pressure of life and low educational level make many parents almost absent from their children’s education.

　　At one time, Lu Lu, a Chinese teacher in a private school, noticed that a girl in her class was late for school for several days. This morning, the little girl didn’t come to school again. Lu Lu called her parents, but I couldn’t get through. Lu Lu found the students’ home and found that both father and daughter were fast asleep. The father said apologetically that he worked late every night and woke up late in the morning, so he couldn’t wake the children up.

　　A teacher in charge of a private school told reporters that many children in the class have young and playful parents. A student told her that after school, she and her parents played games with their mobile phones. Students often finish written homework at school, while few students can finish oral homework such as reciting ancient poems. Teachers have to supervise them during class.

　　Due to the lack of parental role, Lu Lu saw the precocity of "the children of the poor take charge early" in children.

　　In this private school where Lu Lu is located, most students are migrant children of migrant workers. In her opinion, these children have strong self-care ability. Senior children come home from school to help their parents cook and take their younger brothers and sisters to do their homework. If a honeycomb coal stove is used at home, the children should make their own fires. Some scholars found in the survey that some migrant children have to help their parents do business together after coming home from school.

　　Lu Lu once taught a boy. When visiting the boy’s home, the senior Chinese teacher could only think of the word "the family is surrounded by walls": the boy’s bed has only simple bedding, three children are crowded in one bed, and grandpa sleeps in the next room. There is almost nothing at home except beds, stoves, pots and pans. The child is only in the first grade when he is 10 years old. He doesn’t have lunch at school. He goes home to cook for his younger brother and sister at noon every day.

　　Letting children participate in more hands-on activities has also become the entry point for some public welfare organizations to help children. Handicraft, farming, cooking and other courses are very popular with children.

　　In the baking classroom of a private school, there is an oven, a long table and a mobile TV. The aunt in the canteen and the teacher who has received baking training are responsible for teaching the children. Due to the limited space and funds, and many students who want to participate, everyone decided to draw lots. Liu Heng, a fourth-grade boy, was a little embarrassed: "It was my turn for the fourth time."

　　Under the guidance of the teacher and the aunt in the canteen, several children are divided into one group, which is responsible for pouring, mixing, kneading and baking. Liu Heng likes kneading dough. He said that he enjoys kneading dough into various shapes. In addition to kneading dough, he is also responsible for "supervising" baking cookies in the team. After the dough is sent to the oven, Liu Heng will stay by the oven. Each child can get 10 pieces of cranberry cookies baked by himself. Liu Heng gives some to his good friends, and takes the rest back to share with his father, mother and sister.

　　A private primary school in Guiyang has held cooking classes for four or five years in a row. Children not only eat snacks and moon cakes themselves, but also sell some of them. Children learn to contact buyers, keep accounts and maintain customers by themselves. At the beginning of the "double reduction" policy, some education experts visited this school and marveled at the rich after-school activities: "I didn’t expect you to be so mature!"

　　After entering public schools for several years, there is no statistically significant difference between migrant children and local children in their achievements and performance.

　　An old teacher of a private school told the reporter that some of his former students studied for master’s and doctor’s degrees in famous universities such as Shanghai or Chengdu, which made him quite proud. In the private junior high school where this old teacher is located, almost every year, students are admitted to Guiyang No.1 Middle School and Guanshanhu No.1 Middle School.

　　Wen Cheng once gave a grant to a migrant child, and the girl’s parents extended their rough hands covered with mud to receive the money — — The couple worked as coolies on construction sites, and their income was not high. In Wen Cheng’s view, "that girl is a real schoolmaster". Many children rely on cram schools to improve their grades, but she has never attended cram schools and was admitted to a good public high school in this district. The girl also likes reading very much, and she reads widely. Once, Wen Cheng’s public welfare organization held a book donation activity, and children could go to a designated bookstore to choose a book. The girl said excitedly, "Great! There are books to read again! "

　　But such cases are really few and far between.

　　At the beginning of last year, Guiyang shut down a large number of private schools, and migrant children were diverted to public schools. A few private schools that have been preserved are purchased by the government. The government provides tuition subsidies to students, and students only need to pay a few hundred yuan. For children who are diverted to public schools, Wen Cheng has mixed feelings: public schools undoubtedly have better facilities, higher quality teachers and more extracurricular activities, but he is also worried that children will find it difficult to integrate into new groups or be discriminated against.

　　Chen Yuanyuan, director of the Research Center for Population Mobility and Labor Market of the Institute of Advanced Studies of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, has done research. In 2008, all migrant children’s schools were closed in the downtown area of Shanghai, and all migrant children were transferred to public schools in the downtown area of Shanghai. There was a great difference between floating children and local children at that time.

　　However, a few years later, Chen Yuanyuan’s team made a survey of 11 public schools in Shanghai and found: "In the same school, there is no statistically significant difference between migrant children and local children in terms of academic performance, school performance, being a class cadre, mental health, or teachers’ evaluation of students."

　　The education of migrant children has a longer-term significance.

　　Every time after work, Wu Fang always "drives" the children home over and over again. After work that day, Wu Fang had to buy flowers for a child. The school asked to bring flower seeds, but the child told Wu Fang that her mother wouldn’t buy them, and she wanted to ask Wu Fang for help.

　　Children are very attached to the volunteers in the children’s center. Compared with their parents who are often away from home, the children’s center has become their most familiar and trusted place. Sometimes the children’s center is closed, and children come over the wall to play.

　　Children’s desire for love is also revealed inadvertently.

　　Once in an interest class at a children’s center, a naughty boy moved a stool and sat on the platform. Every time the young volunteer teacher said something, he echoed it loudly. The teacher stopped him several times, but he always looked indifferent.

　　After the class that day, the troublesome boy followed the volunteers closely and begged them to stay a little longer or take himself with him.

　　There is also a naughty girl who is always laughing and trying to play with volunteer teachers. After class, the young female teacher locked the door. She clung to the volunteer teacher tightly and refused to leave.

　　Children’s centers have always been short of manpower, and volunteers have been moving frequently. Later in the class, seeing the new volunteer, the primary school girl’s eyes were blank. She repeatedly asked, "Teacher, will you leave us?" Will you always be with us? "

　　After so many years of contact with migrant children, Wen Cheng also has a deep sense of powerlessness. Many children have a special family environment, and it is difficult to bring them substantial changes only by the strength of public welfare organizations. "I just want to leave some happy memories for the children’s childhood."

　　At the National People’s Congress this year, Lu Ming, member of Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and Antai school of economics and management distinguished professor of Shanghai Jiaotong University, suggested that the compulsory education law should be amended as soon as possible to ensure that migrant children receive high school education in their parents’ work and place of residence.

　　He suggested that it is necessary to further promote the central government’s financial transfer payment for education, which should be linked to the number of migrants absorbed by the population inflow areas and the number of children of migrants attending school. Urge the local governments where the population flows to increase investment in education to ensure that primary and secondary education gradually covers the children of migrants.

　　In an interview with the media, Lu Ming said that the education of migrant children is not only an educational issue, but also has a longer-term significance for the healthy and sustainable development of China’s economy.

　　(At the request of the respondents, Wu Fang, Xiaoqi, Wen Cheng, Lu Lu and Liu Heng are pseudonyms.)

　　Zhongqingbao Zhongqingwang reporter Li Yajuan Intern Wang Lian Source: China Youth Daily

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　　CCTV News:At 8 o’clock every day, CCTV will sort out the big and small things that happened around us within 24 hours.

　　The world’s first one! China successfully launched the Land Exploration 4 01 satellite.

　　Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Resolutely oppose the "Taiwan independence" separatists’ fleeing to the United States under any name and for any reason.

　　Guangdong Maritime Safety Administration issued a navigation warning: on August 14th, rocket debris is expected to land in the South China Sea.

　　The 2023 Service Trade Fair will be held in the National Convention Center and Shougang Park from September 2 to 6.

　　China Meteorological Bureau: Typhoons "Lann" and "Dora" will not have much impact on China in the near future.

　　In the first half of the year, China’s cold chain logistics totaled 3.1 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.7%.

　　The real-time sales stage of sports competitions in the 19th Asian Games in Hangzhou started on 14th, and the tickets for 21 sports competitions in this batch started to be sold at 10: 00.

　　Two confirmed cases of plague were reported in Sunite Right Banner, Inner Mongolia, belonging to the families of the previous cases.

　　China scientific research team released the equivalent photo of the tallest tree in Asia: Cedar I in southern Tibet, with a living body height of 101.2m, making it the second tallest tree species in the world.

　　China Seismological Network officially determined that an earthquake of magnitude 4.4 occurred in Shuangbai County, Chuxiong Prefecture, Yunnan Province at 20: 55 on the 13th, with a focal depth of 10 kilometers.

　　The Communist Youth League organized more than 19,000 youth commandos and 2.34 million young volunteers to participate in flood control and disaster relief work.

　　Attack on Chinese convoy in Gwadar Port, Pakistan: Chinese bulletproof vehicle was shot and 23 personnel were safe.

　　On the 13th, Russian warships fired a warning on a cargo ship bound for Izmir port in Ukraine for boarding inspection.

　　The fire in Maui, Hawaii has killed 93 people, making it the deadliest fire in the United States in a hundred years.

　　French police called the "bomb threat" of the Eiffel Tower a false alarm and the scenic spot was reopened.

　　According to foreign media reports, Bangladesh has reported a total of 82,506 cases of dengue fever and 387 deaths this year. The World Health Organization has assessed the risk of dengue fever in Bangladesh as high-level, and called for quick action to curb the spread of the epidemic.

　　The Panama Canal was further restricted due to drought, and the number of vessels queuing far exceeded the same period.

　　British experts: artificial intelligence can steal passwords through keyboard sounds.

　　On the 13th, a tornado disaster occurred in some towns in Dafeng District, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province, killing 2 people and injuring 15 others.

　　The man injured his wife with a brick and beat his daughter-in-law. The police in Hengyang, Hunan Province informed him that it should be dealt with according to law.

　　The stall owner involved in the Taiyuan fruit fishing incident apologized to the girl, and the girl’s father: accepted the apology and wanted to return to normal life.

　　A gas flash explosion occurred in Gaomi, Shandong Province, causing two deaths and two minor injuries. The cause is under investigation.

　　Three people were exposed to carbon monoxide poisoning when a gang in Inner Mongolia robbed a tomb, and six people were sentenced.

　　After quarreling with his wife, the man slapped the police for jail, and finally the man was sentenced to 10 months in prison for assaulting a police officer.

　　Yueyang Airport responds that Tesla is forbidden to enter the parking lot: Tesla will record the surrounding environment, and employees can’t enter. People can temporarily stop outside the departure hall.

　　Hundreds of drones in a zoo in Dongguan collectively fell during the performance. The garden side: temporary air traffic control, no casualties.

　　Hebei "A village road in Wu ‘an was broken, and many people were trapped, without eating or drinking"? Police: It’s a rumor.

　　A man wants a girl to start work on her father after WeChat is rejected? Police: Webcast videos are fabricated by netizens.

　　Don’t stretch out your hand, you will be caught if you stretch out your hand! Hold your heart in awe, don’t wait until you hit the wall before you know how to turn.

　　— — Re-comment on "Anti-corruption with Medicine" by People’s Daily

　　China’s 13th Arctic Ocean Scientific Expedition officially started the comprehensive investigation of sea ice.

　　On August 11th, tourists visited Huangguoshu Waterfall in Anshun, Guizhou. Since the summer vacation, the waterfall in Huangguoshu Scenic Area has entered the best viewing season.

　　Li Shuyou, who loved music since childhood, started a musical instrument public welfare class in the village — — "Shuyou Yuefang" teaches children all kinds of musical instruments free of charge on weekends and winter and summer vacations. In order to attract students, he donated 40 erhu at his own expense to the primary schools in the town. In the past eight years, the public welfare classroom has grown slowly. This summer, more than 90 students studied in Shuyou Yuefang.

　　See you at 8 o’clock tomorrow!

　　Editor in charge: Xing Sixin, Chen Shiwen

　　Editor: Zhen Tao Su Danghui