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　　People’s Daily Online, Beijing, December 9 (Reporter Yang Yubolo) On December 9, 2022, the world’s first domestic C919 aircraft numbered B-919A was officially delivered to China Eastern Airlines.

　　According to the introduction of China Meteorological Bureau, in the face of blank fields and technology monopoly, meteorologists have repeatedly broken technical barriers and constantly explored weather support technology for flight test, thus escorting the journey of airworthiness and evidence collection of domestic large aircraft.

　　On May 5, 2017, with the roar of the engine, the domestic large plane C919 took off at Shanghai Pudong International Airport and rushed into the sky. This is the successful first flight of domestic large aircraft C919.

　　According to Li Boping, the head of the flight test meteorological support team of Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, the morning of the first flight was overcast, and the flight test meteorological support team, which was jointly composed of the meteorological department and Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China (hereinafter referred to as "Comac"), accurately captured the "good weather" window of two hours under adverse weather conditions, and successfully ensured the C919 to safely perform its first flight mission.

　　The success of meteorological support for the first flight is only the beginning. Li Boping said that the first flight of a new aircraft needs harsh "good weather", while the flight test around airworthiness certification needs to find "bad weather" under extreme meteorological conditions. Before officially entering the market, the aircraft must pass a series of test flights and obtain airworthiness certificates. Testing and inspection in "bad weather" such as crosswind, high temperature, high humidity, cold and natural icing are all important tests in the airworthiness certification of aircraft, and targeted meteorological support services are urgently needed.

　　Due to the late start of China’s civil aircraft business, excessive dependence on foreign technology has made it very passive for domestic large aircraft to obtain evidence, so it is urgent to "localize" the weather support service for test flight. Since 2014, focusing on the flight test demand of domestic large aircraft, Shanghai Meteorological Department has stepped forward, actively docked Comac and China Flight Test Research Institute, established the first professional flight test meteorological service support team in China, and started the dream-seeking journey of "localization" of flight test meteorological support.

　　In the past five years, the flight test meteorological support team has continuously broken through the "stuck neck" technology, and provided several flight test meteorological support services for ARJ21 and C919 models, covering flight test subjects such as natural icing, strong crosswind, high temperature, high temperature and humidity, and extreme cold, as well as routine flight test activities such as first flight and transition, and accurately monitoring and accurately predicting key weather safety conditions such as visibility, strong wind, clouds, precipitation and bumps.

　　Natural icing flight test is one of the most difficult subjects, which requires extremely strict requirements on the liquid water content of clouds, the diameter of water droplets in clouds and the temperature of surrounding air. Once, in order to complete the test flight of natural icing, the ARJ-21 plane searched in Urumqi for four years without success, and finally went to Wan Li in North America to search for ice.

　　"Although the information and methods available for reference in China are almost blank, we always believe that clouds that meet the conditions of natural icing flight test can be found in China!" According to Li Baiping’s memory, at first, the team started with a large number of domestic and foreign natural icing forecasting methods and learned the forecasting algorithm of foreign aircraft icing meteorological conditions. The method is available, but it is "acclimatized" when applied to domestic flight test.

　　It is urgent to verify and optimize the algorithm. In order to obtain a large number of observation data and repeatedly test the algorithm, the flight test meteorological support team took the initiative to enter the icing area to test the flight. Since 2016, it has carried out comprehensive aircraft icing detection tests in Anqing, Anhui, Yichang, Hubei and Shaanxi. At the beginning of 2021, the team conducted long-term tracking and forecasting for four key natural icing target areas in China, sampled cloud physical parameters such as supercooled water and icing, and successfully collected a large number of experimental data and materials, which laid the foundation for preparing for the natural icing test flight of C919 large passenger aircraft.

　　The flight test meteorological support team carefully compared the prediction results and test data one by one based on the algorithm, and based on the technical advantages of China Meteorological Bureau’s Shanghai numerical forecast model system, developed a new method for forecasting the natural icing potential for large aircraft flight test, gradually formed an autonomous and controllable meteorological service capability for the whole process of aircraft icing flight test, and finally effectively reduced the probability of empty reports.

　　The breakthrough of technical bottleneck and the autonomy of support ability have given the flight test meteorological support team confidence and laid a solid foundation for the ultimate success of natural icing flight test.

　　On February 17th this year, C919 completed the natural icing test flight over Yanliang, Shaanxi Province, achieving a "zero breakthrough" in completing the natural icing test flight of aircraft in China according to airworthiness standards, and taking an important step towards airworthiness forensics.

　　The success of this test flight is the result of the continuous accumulation of countless people over the years, and there is also a strong support provided by the meteorological service process of aircraft icing test flight combining "trend pre-diagnosis" and "proximity diagnosis".

　　As early as mid-January, the flight test meteorological support team started the "trend pre-diagnosis", obtained a series of natural icing forecast products in the short to medium term based on the numerical forecast system, and gave the forecast opinion that "from January 20 to 28, Shaanxi will experience a large-scale rain and snow weather process" one week in advance, capturing a precious meteorological "window". Three days before the test flight, the team provided a more detailed weather forecast to provide decision-making basis for large aircraft to apply for test flight airspace and test flight time.

　　The weather process is always evolving. When the time of flight test approaches, "proximity diagnosis" will be started immediately. On the day of the test flight, everyone held their breath. The test flight support team closely tracked the weather changes by using multi-source observation data such as satellite cloud images, weather radar and sounding station data, adjusted the forecast conclusions in time, and kept close communication with the test flight site to guide the aircraft into the frozen clouds in time.

　　The results show that the predicted icing condition is basically consistent with the actual detection.

　　With the concerted efforts of all parties, as of February 17, the flight test support team had carried out a total of 5 flight tests and crossed the clouds 29 times, successfully capturing the icing weather that met the requirements of the regulations.

"Domestic waste classification is an important measure to improve the living environment, promote refined urban management and ensure sustainable development." Li Qiang said that it is necessary to comprehensively carry out domestic waste sorting with greater determination and strength.

Pick up a plastic bottle on the recycling rack, unscrew the bottle cap, flatten the bottle, roll up and fold the bottle body and put it back in its original place.

On February 18th, Li Qiang, secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, demonstrated the correct way of "throwing bottles" during a special investigation on the classification of domestic waste.

Li Qiang’s move is small, but meaningful. In the view of Fuguimen (ID: fuguigate), this little detail in his investigation has at least three meanings:

First, by taking the lead in "demonstrating", we made a "general mobilization" of domestic waste classification, guided the public to actively participate in the construction of ecological civilization, and raised the awareness of environmental protection and public morality of the whole society.

Second, a "warm-up" and vivid "popularization of law" were carried out for the "Regulations on the Management of Domestic Waste in Shanghai", which will be formally implemented on July 1.

At the end of January, this law, which is at the forefront of the country, was voted by the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress, which means that the domestic waste classification work has been formally incorporated into the framework of the rule of law after being implemented in Shanghai for more than 20 years.

Third, it conveyed to the outside world the great significance of domestic waste classification in Shanghai, a megacity.

In 2018, the daily domestic garbage removal in Shanghai was close to 26,000 tons, and the annual domestic garbage production exceeded 9 million tons. Roughly estimated, if it is transported by 2.5 tons trucks, the domestic garbage generated in Shanghai every day can be transported around the inner ring of Shanghai by connecting the vehicles from head to tail.

For Shanghai, the implementation of compulsory garbage classification is not only the inherent requirement of fine urban management, but also the urgent matter to get out of the predicament of "garbage besieged city". Through the classified management of domestic waste, the efficiency of domestic waste recovery and resource utilization can be improved, and the amount of garbage disposal can be reduced by more than 35%, thus reducing the air and water pollution generated during the incineration and landfill of domestic waste, reducing the occupation of land by garbage disposal facilities such as landfills, optimizing the living environment and ensuring the urban ecology.

In November last year, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection work in Shanghai that garbage sorting is the new fashion! Comprehensive garbage disposal needs the participation of the whole people, and Shanghai should pay close attention to this work and do it well.

Li Qiang has always attached great importance to garbage sorting. He often mentioned this work in various meetings and research occasions, especially when he went to the town and village in the district to investigate, he always forgot to ask about the progress of garbage sorting, see the garbage bin room, listen to the grassroots experience and understand the opinions of the masses.

"Domestic waste classification is an important measure to improve the living environment, promote refined urban management and ensure sustainable development." In the special investigation on February 18th, Li Qiang said that it is necessary to comprehensively carry out domestic waste sorting with greater determination and strength, adhere to source reduction, whole-process sorting, harmless disposal at the end and resource utilization, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of the whole people to participate, make waste sorting a new fashion, and better promote high-quality development and create a high-quality life.

Investigating the classification of domestic waste, Li Qiang, secretary of Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, demonstrated the correct way of "throwing bottles" on the spot.

Source | Shangguan News

On the afternoon of February 18th, Li Qiang, secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, ran from Changning Hongqiao to Xuhui Huajing in the rain, and then turned back and drove to Pudong Old Port. This long-distance "pursuit" was only for one thing: the classification of domestic waste!

Presumably, everyone still remembers it. Last November, when General Secretary of the Supreme Leader was inspecting work in Shanghai, he came to the first sub-station of Jiaxing Road Street in Hongkou District, and had a cordial exchange with young people who were communicating with the community to promote waste sorting practices, and emphasized that waste sorting is the new fashion! Comprehensive garbage disposal needs the participation of the whole people, and Shanghai should pay close attention to this work and do it well.

As for the matter of garbage classification, Li Qiang often mentioned it in various meetings and research occasions, especially when I went to the town and village in the district for research, I always forgot to ask about the progress of garbage classification, look at the garbage bin house, listen to the grassroots experience, understand the opinions of the masses, and exchange views with grassroots comrades.

Just before the Chinese New Year, the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress voted and passed the Regulations on the Management of Domestic Waste in Shanghai, which will be implemented on July 1 this year. This means that the classification of domestic waste has been formally incorporated into the framework of the rule of law after more than 20 years of application for the city.

This special investigation on the 18th is obviously well prepared. The three research points cover the three most important links: source delivery, mid-end transshipment and terminal disposal.

The secretary of the municipal party Committee "demonstrated" the tips of garbage classification on the spot

The first stop of the investigation was the pilot community of Aijian Residential Area in Hongqiao Street, Changning District, and the participation rate of residents’ garbage sorting in this community increased from 5% at the beginning to 98%. Where’s the secret? On-site visit in Li Qiang. As soon as they arrived at the community, the cadres of the neighborhood Committee directly took the city leaders to the door of the garbage sorting box. The corner of this community was full of various elements of garbage sorting, and it was like having a live popularization class here.

Classification is good, trash can is the most intuitive reference. Li Qiang walked into the garbage sorting box room, and looked at two things, three questions, one by one "dig" the details of the daily collection and transportation times and the cleaning situation of the garbage bins. When he learned that the kitchen garbage bins were specially set up in the community and cleaned every day, he specially told the public to get used to garbage sorting. The cleaning of the garbage bins is also very important. Can the design be brighter and brighter, so that everyone can feel no different from the garbage bins at home and better guide everyone to participate in garbage sorting?

On the recyclable shelf at one side of the box room, various kinds of beverage bottles collected by residents are placed. Li Qiang picked up the plastic bottles, unscrewed the caps, squashed the bottles, rolled up and folded the bottles and put them back in their original places. I am very familiar with a set of procedures, and it seems that I am proficient in this. He smiled and said to the neighborhood cadres on the side, saving space and facilitating transshipment. After everyone has a sense of garbage classification, they should make efforts to reduce it. They can learn from the experience of some mature areas of garbage classification, spend more time and think more about small skills, and this field is promising.

The cadres of the neighborhood Committee showed Li Qiang a record book, which recorded the participation of each household in the community in garbage classification. "Volunteers are responsible for counting and ticking. At first, the record book was all unclassified. After more than a year of piloting, this line was basically eliminated."

This community implements the source classification of each household and puts it in at a fixed time. Every day from 9: 30 to 10: 30, the sanitation trucks that are responsible for clearing dry and wet garbage successively drive into the community. "Everyone sees that the sanitation trucks are loaded with dry and wet garbage separately, and they are relieved if they are not mixed." In the view of neighborhood cadres, the "dry-wet separation" of garbage trucks is the key to dispel residents’ concerns.

To this, Li Qiang also nodded in agreement. He said that if the source classification is done well, the wet garbage and recyclables mixed into the dry garbage will be less and less, which will lay a good foundation for the subsequent disposal of garbage. The classification of domestic waste depends on persistence and cultivation. I hope that with the joint efforts of all of us, garbage sorting will become a daily habit and the new fashion of garbage sorting will be further rooted in people’s hearts.

Dry and wet garbage is packed in different boxes, continuing the source classification.

After the source classification and collection, the intermediate classification and transshipment is an important link. The second stop that Li Qiang went to was Xupu Base, where domestic solid waste was transferred.

Whether container loading and transshipment strictly abide by the "garbage classification" is a focus of Li Qiang’s trip.

Li Qiang said that the citizens are very concerned about whether the later process will adhere to classified collection, classified transportation and classified treatment after the garbage is classified and put into use, and it is necessary to further overcome difficulties and improve the existing bottlenecks, so that the people can see the consistent classification effect.

The terminal disposal "outperforms" the front-end output, and we must grasp this main direction.

Only when the terminal disposal "outperforms" the front-end output can the garbage classification be truly implemented. The last stop of Li Qiang’s investigation is the Shanghai Laogang Eco-environmental Protection Base.

This domestic waste terminal disposal base, which has been running for more than 30 years, is upgrading to version 3.0, with reduction, recycling and harmless treatment as the main direction.

Li Qiang walked into the control room and operation room of the renewable energy center of the base, focusing on the terminal disposal technology of domestic garbage and the report on pollution prevention and clean discharge. The person in charge said that the recent new change, the separation of dry and wet garbage, has greatly promoted the efficiency of terminal disposal such as garbage incineration, further reduced energy consumption and pollution discharge, promoted the further improvement of resource utilization, and is forming a virtuous circle.

From the source to the end, every link is well guarded, and everyone starts from the side and starts from now. Why worry about "garbage siege"?

(Original title: "This small move by Li Qiang, secretary of the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee, is meaningful! 》）

　　According to the news of "Jilin Education" WeChat in WeChat official account on the 14th, the Education Department of Jilin Province issued a notice, in order to ensure the life safety and physical and mental health of students under the situation of epidemic prevention and control, effectively reduce the pressure and burden of students’ study, and ensure the fairness of education examination, with the consent of the provincial party committee and the provincial government, the relevant work arrangements for this year’s junior high school academic level examination have been adjusted, as follows.

　　1. Cancel the on-site physical examination for the senior high school entrance examination in the third grade in early 2022, and all localities will make their own physical examination framework and scoring methods included in the total score of the academic level examination.

　　2. Cancel the foreign language listening test for the junior high school entrance examination in 2022.

　　3. Cancel the third grade experimental operation examination in early 2022.

　　4. Organize the geography and biology examinations of Changchun, Jilin, Yanbian and Baicheng in the second grade of 2022. The examination results are regarded as the qualifications for students to graduate and enter the first-level school, and are not included in the total score of the senior high school entrance examination (treated equally with other regions).

　　Please inform all local junior high schools immediately to ensure that every candidate and parents involved know, do a good job in policy interpretation and relieve anxiety.