分类归档 zudao

On November 25th, 2014, actor Qin Hao (left) attended the Shanghai media meeting of the film Massage. The Paper reporter Yong Kaitu

　　　　　　　　Qin Hao, who has been debuting for more than ten years, is probably not as well known as Mr. Qin in Weibo, Yi Nengjing. You can say that Qin Hao is a low-key, a literary man who walks on the edge of the entertainment circle in a free state and stubbornly keeps himself. Little slackers in Green Red, homosexuals in A Night Drunk with Spring Breeze, and nightclub dancers in chongqing blues … They are all one person, but they are not him. An actor has always been just a job for him. I hope that the audience will only remember the role itself and live their lives outside the camera. In fact, Qin Hao, who was nominated by Cannes for three times, never lacked topics, but his persistence and harshness in his bones made him have his own standards for scripts and roles, and even Lou Ye had to promise to exchange terms when he was invited to star in Massage.

　　　　　　　　At the 51st Golden Horse Awards, Lou Ye’s Massage won seven nominations and six awards, which made it the biggest winner. As a "royal actor" in Lou Ye, Qin Hao accepted an exclusive interview with a reporter from The Paper (www.thepaper.cn). He said that Sha Fuming is very much like myself, heterogeneous but self-righteous, with ideals but unavoidable vulgarity, struggling and compromising.

The stills of the movie Massage, on the right is Qin Hao.

Confident that standing in the blind can’t tell the truth from the false.

　　　　　　　　Finally, Lou Ye’s new film Tuina depicts a portrait of a group of blind people. The blind people in the play have their own "blindness", some are ferocious, some are dull, and some are no different from ordinary people. Among many blind people, Qin Hao’s blindness is the most impressive and tests his acting skills.

　　　　　　　　The blindness of the characters performed by Qin Hao is that the eyes are half open and half closed, and the whites of the eyes are slightly turned out, and the eyelids are always in a state of trembling. Because of blindness, and eager to perceive all the troubles in the outside world, Qin Hao’s expression and posture are always in an urgent state of "grabbing his ears" to listen.

　　　　　　　　In the early years, when Qin Hao signed a contract with the gold medal agent Wang Jinghua, he made a condition: "As long as it is a film of Lou Ye and Wang Xiaoshuai, no matter whether there is money or not, you must go at any time." This time, when Lou Ye sent an invitation to Qin Hao, Qin Hao hesitated. Qin Hao said that he didn’t want to try the role that he might be "unable to handle" easily, saying that he couldn’t handle it, for one thing, because he hadn’t acted, and for another, he "saw too many failed cases".

　　　　　　　　In the process of preparation, Qin Hao himself found many pictures of blind people on the Internet and sent them to Lou Ye. He observed that "the muscles around the eyes of blind people are all dug in because of long-term atrophy." Qin Hao also personally went to some makeup artists to try special makeup, and went to the factory to order special contact lenses as close as possible to the natural muscle state of the blind.

　　　　　　　　With a large number of non-professional professional actors who are really blind, Qin Hao admits that this is the place where he is most stressed. "I have always told people that the ones who are most afraid of cooperation are real children, real old people, and extras. Because they are real, and I am acting. So when I was in this play, I set myself a high goal, that is, I was with these really blind people, and the audience couldn’t tell which one was blind and which one was a professional actor. "

　　　　　　　　Qin Hao experienced life in a school for the blind and learned massage techniques from a professional massage master. Living with the blind, he found that "people’s speech speed and sense of language are all different when they can’t see." So during that time, Qin Hao closed his eyes and chatted with people around him, feeling the speed and sense of language of the blind.

　　　　　　　　Back home from the school for the blind, Qin Hao also insisted on continuing to "experience life" blindfolded. The feeling of being helped at any time and not being sure about the whole world lasted for a day and a half. Qin Hao felt the psychological limit. "That kind of fear, frustration, patience and exhausted irritability are in it. That kind of thing is very complicated. I feel that people who can really accept this reality are stronger than ordinary people. "

　　　　　　　　Because it is a group play, the scenes are scattered and must be present, and the actors have spent quite a long time in the crew. Qin Hao said that his greatest motivation is to get along with blind actors and feel strength from them. In getting along with them, Qin Hao realized that treating them normally rather than taking good care of them is the greatest respect. "I get along with them may be different from some others. I don’t regard them as invisible people. In some places, they do show inconvenience and I won’t help them, because they can do it. I don’t want to put them in a place where I need to protect them. I think people are equal. "

Give the character a more humorous tragedy

　　　　　　　　In Massage, Qin Hao plays Sha Fuming, the boss of the blind massage center. He is a blind man who is proficient in poetry, speaks a foreign language and likes dancing. To say that he likes dancing, perhaps it should be said that he is sociable. His warm tone and confident expression tell the world that he doesn’t feel any different from others. He met people on blind dates, and Kan Kan talked about "starting classes" at the "tea party" where he met her parents. On the way, he cordially exchanged greetings with passers-by who passed by, as if he could see everyone around him. Until he heard every guest who came to the massage room praise Dr. Du Hong played by Mei Ting as "beautiful as a fairy", he finally said, "I have never felt sorry for myself since I was a child, but at this moment I feel sorry for myself. What is beauty?"

　　　　　　　　Qin Hao read the novel Tuina before he made a movie. Before he played the role of Sha Fuming, he had decided to give him more ambitions than the characters in the novel. Compared with the original work, Qin Hao’s Sha Fuming is more humorous, and this humor has an innate tragic temperament. "I told Lou Ye that if I were to play this role, I wanted to play Sha Fuming in my imagination. I wanted to give more play to this role by meeting many people who have the shadow of this character in my life, or some of my personal cognition. This is also one of my creative habits. I need more voice and control over my role. " This is also a quid pro quo for Qin Hao to agree to star in Tuina. Lou Ye promised him to "act as you like, and act as you like".

　　　　　　　　"His tragedy is that he thinks he is a great and optimistic person, but what others see is very sad." Qin Hao excavated the similarities between Sha Fuming and him as an ordinary person. However, he thought he was mainstream, had ideals but could not avoid vulgarity, and struggled and compromised.

Those years when I made a lot of money were a waste of time.

　　　　　　　　From "Green Red" to "Massage", Qin Hao is the favorite hero of the sixth generation directors, and his name has become a clear footnote of "literary films". Qin Hao has been a person who doesn’t want to waste time since he was in college. When he was in Chinese opera school, he always got the highest score in his class. When his classmates took the drama outside, he carefully prepared the teacher’s homework and made up an "excess" idea to distribute to those students who didn’t have time to prepare their homework because they took the drama outside. "At that time, my classmates called me’ Qin Yimou’ because I had the most fragments."

"chongqing blues" stills

　　　　　　　　Qin Hao told reporters that he was in the science experimental class of a key middle school in high school, and no one at home was engaged in performing arts. He just happened to watch TV and saw a special program of "Chinese Opera Homecoming" in his sophomore year, and he was deeply moved and embarked on the present road. "I don’t know this industry, but I know what my favorite actor is. I like Jiang Wen in furong town, so I watched Jiang Wen and Gong Li on TV at that time, and I realized that they had learned such a good performance from this school, so I applied for Chinese opera. "

　　　　　　　　Regarding the "label" of "the leading actor in literary films", Qin Hao said that it was not the result of a "choice". "I think it’s more that one aspect of your business is more recognized by everyone. In fact, I am an actor, taking seriously the tasks given to me by every film director and playing this role seriously. Some people like the appearance of "Mystery in a Floating City", while others like the appearance of "A Night Intoxicated by the Spring Breeze". Instead, this choice is in the hands of the audience, who will prefer what you show in a certain role. But for me, I am a so-called’ natural luminous body’. That is, whether you are there or not, I naturally shine there, but which part needs brighter light is the director’s request, and which part I like to see is the audience’s choice. "

"Green Red" stills, Qin Hao on the right.

　　　　　　　　Before 2010, Qin Hao kept the work rhythm of one film a year, was critical of the script and only acted what he thought was worthwhile. From the young people in a small town in Green Red to the aloof comrade who exudes charm in A Night Intoxicated by Spring Breeze, the rebellious son in chongqing blues, who is called "the best actor in China" by many people in the industry, has been nominated by Cannes Film Award for three times. Now that Qin Hao thinks about it, the six years of "one year at a time" were the "happiest days" in his life. "Everything I did at that time was for myself. Looking back now, I have told many people that my happiest time is when I play one play a year. At that time, I didn’t earn much money, I wasn’t hungry, and then there was no pressure. I didn’t know how much others paid, nor did I know how much TV dramas paid. I just had a good time filming my things, and I was with these friends every day. Although I heard that a female classmate bought a bag for more than 2,000 yuan and thought it was so expensive, I didn’t care how much they earned. "

　　　　　　　　Qin Hao admitted that he had been anxious. "In my bones, my requirements for choosing movies are really strict, but when I really pick them up, I will find that they are not so strict. As I said in Weibo, part of character is’ persistence and compromise’. Many times, I took a lot of choices. I have to say that some of them are for my personal desires, some of them really like this role, some are really human, and some are even very small. For example, I want to learn guitar during this period, and I just need to play guitar in the play. "

　　　　　　　　Since 2010, Wang Jinghua, the agent, has taken over Qin Hao’s acting career. Qin Hao’s work is much more than before. In the first year, he made six movies, two TV series and various commercial activities, which also showed him what the so-called "circle" looks like. Qin Hao recalled to reporters, "In those two years, I found that I made a lot of money than before, but none of my works were satisfactory. I felt that I was wasting my time. I knew what I was doing before, and I knew that the level of what I made was there. However, these things that I made in order to earn money were not up to standard, and I couldn’t get them myself. Just to earn more money, I was tired enough. I almost didn’t know who I was, so I followed the wave and I felt very lost. "

Qin Hao and Yi Nengjing walked hand in hand across the red carpet of the Golden Horse Awards.

"Mr. Qin": "It turns out that a relationship can be popular."

　　　　　　　　In the last six months, Qin Hao’s exposure has obviously increased, not because of Tuina, but because of her love affair with Yi Nengjing, a female artist in Taiwan Province. Yi Nengjing likes "basking in happiness", and Weibo always praises her "Mr. Qin" with love, and how to bring her full of "positive energy". The 10-year-old age gap, the exposure as a star and the price gap have attracted a lot of attention and controversy for this "newcomer".

　 　 　 　 Talking about his feelings, Qin Hao is also very open and aboveboard. Compared with Yi Nengjing’s sweet description of his rescue of her and embarrassing occasions, Qin Hao only smiled faintly. "You can’t pretend at this point. The goodwill at that time was the goodwill of appearance. I know that she is a Taiwan Province artist, but I don’t understand many other aspects. " So at first, Qin Hao didn’t know that Yi Nengjing was so much older than himself, while Yi Nengjing regarded Qin Hao as a "good comrade friend" because of his deeply rooted gay role in "A Night Intoxicated by Spring Breeze". When the distance is getting closer, the two will also have friction caused by regional and cultural differences. "I’m from the northeast. Sometimes when I speak in the way I’m used to, she will think I’m scolding her."

　　　　　　　　Despite the friction, the low-key actor proposed to the high-profile "Queen Weibo". Qin Hao said that it was not romantic for him, but that Yi Nengjing had said that he had not been proposed before. "Similarly, on the issue of" being basked in happiness ",Qin Hao didn’t agree, but also said that it was to respect each other’s personality. "I think the happiest thing for two people together is not to restrain each other. She has her personality, and she likes to express it, because she likes to express that she can write books and has other talents. I don’t think I need to hinder or adjust these. I am really the object of her expression, and she has the right! Although sometimes I have a thought in my heart that it is necessary to write, I think about it later. It is not necessary for you in Qin Hao to write. It is necessary for others to write. People are different, but I think we must maintain each other’s personality. "

　　　　　　　　Speaking of my job as an actor, there are also many good works that can be taken, but not because the works are familiar. Qin Hao once thought it was "a bit absurd". But now, he said, "this strength has passed." It’s just that he is indignant. "I went to Cannes three times, and I didn’t make headlines to represent China’s movies in grand scenes, but I was always reported because of personal feelings. I don’t talk about right or wrong. This is the loss of culture and I don’t blame anything." Qin Hao joked that one day an interviewed reporter said that he and Yi Nengjing made headlines again, and he asked the other party, "Is that me?" "So this is called red. I always thought that I made a movie and went to Cannes to be called red! I’m sorry, how many people in the world can make such a movie and make people so moved? It turns out that you told me that a relationship can be popular, so I get it. It can’t be absurd, just like some things are not black and white. This is the world, but I must know black and white in my heart and know who I am. "

Huaqing Q1900M details, chip:

　　Configure the standard motherboard ATX 24pin power interface, and some motherboards use DC-IN external adapters for power supply.

　　From left to right, 2+1 USB front connector, 1 CMOS reset connector, 2 SATA 2.0 (3Gb/s hard disk interface), 1 Panel front panel connector and 1 Speaker connector are all marked with characters for easy connection. For HTPC, 2 SATA is just enough, 1 SSD is used as the system, and 1 mechanical hard disk is downloaded or backed up.

　　There is also a HD_Audio front audio connector, a TPM security module connector, an LPT printer port connector, and a COM port connector. The latter three connectors tend to be used in industry. Unfortunately, Huaqing Q1900M does not provide a front USB3.0 interface. If one of TPM, LPT and COM is changed to front USB3.0, I believe it is more practical for consumer players.

　　Winbond 25Q64FWSIG BIOS chip

　　Liqi Richtek RT8172A processor power supply management chip

　　Dezhou instruments TI 87350D DrMOS integration upper and lower bridge

　　Liqi Richtek RT8120B memory power supply management chip

　　Ruiyu Realtek ALC622 audio chip

　　Ruiyu Realtek 8111GR network chip

　　Xintang technology Nuvoton NCT6776D hardware monitoring

　　Fan control of xintang technology Nuvoton 3941S

　　The main chips and power supply materials, if you search the given models, you will find that the same components often appear in the list of overclocking boards of Huaqing or other brands. Obviously, Huaqing Q1900M has not lowered the grade of materials because of the entry-level positioning of Intel Bay Trail -D desktop.

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This article is reproduced from WeChat WeChat official account’s "Intelligent Computing Core World" by Hao Zi. Reprint this article, please contact WeChat official account of Intelligent Computing Core World.

ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) chip is an application-specific integrated circuit, which is designed and manufactured from the root level according to the user’s demand for a specific electronic system. Its computing power and efficiency can be customized according to the algorithm needs, and it is the product of fixed algorithm optimization design. ASIC chip module can be widely used in intelligent terminals such as artificial intelligence equipment, virtual currency mining equipment, consumable printing equipment and military defense equipment.

On the hardware level, ASIC chip is composed of basic silicon material, gallium phosphide, gallium arsenide, gallium nitride and other materials. On the physical structure level, ASIC chip module is made up of IP cores such as plug-in storage unit, power manager, audio picture processor and network circuit. The same chip module can carry one or several ASIC chips with the same or different functions to meet one or more specific requirements.

(1) ASIC chips can be divided into fully customized ASIC chips, semi-customized ASIC chips and programmable ASIC chips according to different customization degrees.

Fully customized ASIC chip is one of the chips with the highest degree of customization. R&D personnel design logic units with different functions based on different circuit structures, and build analog circuits, storage units and mechanical structures on the chip board. The logic units are connected by masks, and the mask of ASIC chip is also highly customized.

The design cost of fully customized ASIC chips is high, and the average design time per chip module exceeds 9 weeks. This kind of chip is usually used for advanced applications.

Compared with semi-customized ASIC chips, fully customized ASIC chips perform well in performance and power consumption. For the same function, under the premise of the same process, the average computing power output of fully customized ASIC chip is about 8 times that of semi-customized ASIC chip, and the performance of fully customized ASIC chip with 24 nm process is better than that of semi-customized ASIC chip with 5 nm process.

Most of the logic units that make up the semi-custom ASIC chip are taken from the standard logic unit library, and some of them are customized according to specific requirements. Compared with fully customized ASIC chips, the design cost is lower and the flexibility is higher.

Semi-custom ASIC chips can be subdivided into gate array chips and standard cell chips according to the different matching modes of standard logic cells and custom logic cells.

A, gate array chip

Gate array ASIC chip includes channel gate array, channel-free gate array and structured gate array. In the gate array ASIC chip structure, the predetermined transistor position on the silicon wafer cannot be changed, and designers often adjust the interconnection structure of logic units by changing the metal layer at the bottom of the chip.

Channel gate array ASIC chip: the position of transistors in this chip is highly fixed, and designers can lay out the circuit in the predefined blank space between transistor rows;

Channel-free gate array ASIC chip: under the channel-free structure, there is no circuit layout space between transistor rows, and designers usually wire above the gate array unit;

Structured gate array ASIC chip: This structure includes basic gate array rows and embedded blocks. Embedding blocks can improve the flexibility of circuit layout, but it limits the chip size. Under this structure, the use efficiency of line layout area is higher, the design cost is lower and the turnaround time is shorter.

B, standard unit

This kind of ASIC chip consists of logic cells selected from the standard cell library. Designers can arrange standard cells by themselves according to the algorithm requirements. In addition to standard cells, fixed blocks such as microcontrollers and microprocessors can also be used for standard cell ASIC chip architecture.

Broadly speaking, programmable ASIC chips can be divided into FPGA chips and PLD chips. In the actual production process, the number of research institutions and enterprises that classify FPGA chips as different from ASIC chips is increasing, so this report only regards PLD(Programmable Logic Device) as a subcategory of programmable ASIC chips.

PLD, also known as programmable logic device, structurally includes basic logic cell matrix, flip-flop, latch, etc., and its interconnection part exists as a single module. Designers program PLD to meet the needs of some customized applications.

(2) ASIC chips can be classified into TPU chips, BPU chips and NPU chips according to different terminal functions.

① TPU is a tensor processor, which is specially used for machine learning. For example, Google developed in May 2016.

The programmable AI accelerator of Tensorflow platform, its internal instruction set can run when Tensorflow program changes or updates the algorithm.

② BPU is a brain processor, which is an embedded artificial intelligence processor architecture proposed by Horizon Technology.

③ NPU is a neural network processor, which simulates human neurons and synapses at the circuit level, and directly processes large-scale electronic neurons and synapses data with a deep learning instruction set.

Traditional chips, such as CPU, generate results by reading and executing external program code instructions. Relatively speaking, ASIC chips read original input data signals and directly generate output signals after internal logic circuit operations.

(1) Advantages:

Compared with CPU, GPU, FPGA and other types of chips, ASIC chips have multiple advantages in the application of special systems, which are embodied in the following aspects.

① Area advantage: ASIC chips are designed to avoid redundant logic units, processing units, registers, storage units and other architectures, and are constructed in the form of pure digital logic circuits, which is conducive to reducing the chip area. For small area chips, wafers with the same specifications can be cut into more chips, which is helpful for enterprises to reduce wafer costs.

② Energy consumption advantage: ASIC chips consume less energy per computing power than CPU, GPU and FPGA. For example, GPU consumes about 0.4 watts of power per computing power, while ASIC consumes about 0.2 watts of power per computing power, which can better meet the energy consumption restrictions of new smart home appliances.

③ Integration advantages: Due to the customized design, ASIC chip system, circuit and process are highly integrated, which helps customers to obtain high-performance integrated circuits.

④ Price advantage: Due to the characteristics of small size, high running speed and low power consumption, the price of ASIC chips is much lower than that of CPU, GPU and FPGA chips. At present, the average price of ASIC chips in the global market is about $3, and if it reaches mass production scale in the long run, the price of ASIC chips is expected to continue to decline.

(2) Disadvantages:

① ASIC chips have a high degree of customization, long design and development cycle, and the finished products need physical design and reliability verification, so the time to market is slow.

② ASIC chips are highly dependent on algorithms. The high-speed updating iteration of artificial intelligence algorithm leads to the high frequency of ASIC chip updating.

③ Because ASIC chips are highly customized and the research and development cycle is relatively long, the risk of ASIC products being eliminated by the market is expanded.

① Google launched TPU in 2016. Google’s 2017 version of AlphaGo physical processor is embedded with four TPU’s, which can support Google cloud TPU platform and machine learning supercomputer.

② In August 2014, IBM introduced the second generation TrueNorth chip with a manufacturing process of 28 nm by simulating the brain structure, which can be applied to real-time video processing.

③ Intel introduced Xeon series ASIC chips in 2017. This series of chips can act as processors independently, without additional host processors and auxiliary processors, and can be applied to machine deep learning.

④ The ASIC chip based on the new neuromorphological computing architecture introduced by Stanford University is 9,000 times faster than ordinary computers, and can simulate about 1 million brain neurons and billions of synaptic connections.

⑤ Emerging science and technology enterprises expand the application of ASIC chips to security, assisted driving, traditional household appliances, smart medical care and other fields.

The basis for the continuous growth of sales scale of ASIC chip products in China includes but is not limited to the following factors:

① Edge computing field will become the main revenue field of special deep learning ASIC chips.

② Consumer electronic products such as mobile communication devices, head-mounted display devices (AR, VR, MR), tablet computers, drones, smart home devices, etc. will become the concentrated application fields of ASIC chip products.

③ Deep learning processors based on graphics architecture are popular, and ASIC is more suitable for computing environment with graphics architecture.

④ It is predicted that around 2022, artificial intelligence terminal equipment capable of training and reasoning at the same time will become more popular, and ASIC chips will be imported into such equipment in large quantities.

Reference source: China ASIC chip industry boutique report.

　　"Never decide what to do, quantum mechanics", which was originally a joke and ridicule in science fiction and film circles, has now become a "pain" in the hearts of many employees in the quantum industry.

　　Experts pointed out that quantum technology has not yet been related to daily necessities. At present, the so-called "quantum+life" products are almost all deceptive things.

　　The public should know the latest scientific progress, prevent falling into the trap of online rumors and prevent the second spread of rumors.

　　Our reporter Joline.

　　The children, dressing the, are flipping through their books quickly. "Read 100,000 words in 5 minutes, and you can completely repeat the content after reading". This special function is printed on the posters of training institutions and becomes an educational way of "developing the potential of the whole brain". Not long ago, this "Quantum Fluctuation Speed Reading" competition video frequently boarded hot search.

　　This is just a case of "making money" by using the concept of "quantum".

　　In response to this scam, an article in the well-known popular science platform "Mozi Salon" said that no matter how the concept of wave is expanded, the ink on the book does not have the function of radiation and communication, and the wisdom and knowledge carried by the book will not automatically appear in your mind. If you want to improve your reading ability and turn dead words into knowledge in your mind, you can only read more.

　　However, the attraction of shortcuts is enormous. The reporter’s investigation found that with the continuous breakthrough of quantum technology in China, the scam of fraud has also been constantly refreshed.

　　"Quantum commodity" is omnipotent.

　　From low-end quantum water, quantum socks and quantum necklaces to high-end patents and capital market packaging, the quantum concept is being used as a "banner" by many "businessmen" with sensitive sense of smell.

　　— — Low stage: "bragging about goods"

　　Searching for "quantum" on Taobao, there are hundreds of kinds of "quantum goods": quantum water, quantum necklace, quantum cigarette case, quantum glasses, quantum car film, quantum anti-radiation mobile phone sticker, quantum super porcelain energy bowl & HELIP; … After careful search, there are many quantum health care products, and some even play the concept of "quantum medicine".

　　What these goods have in common is that they are "powerful" and expensive. For example, quantum socks can not only "deodorize" but also "increase energy", and the price of a pair is above 30 yuan; A quantum beauty spray that claims to "directly reach the bottom of the skin", priced at 88 yuan; A more expensive "quantum super resonator", with a price tag of more than 1500 yuan, claims to contain a "300-core quantum chip", which can repair the disordered human cell magnetic field by using hundreds of millions of harmonic resonances per second. On the official website of a quantum biotechnology company, it was claimed that a product named "Zhongding Quantum Wine" had been listed, which improved the vibration frequency through quantum technology, thus enhancing the energy of health factors and achieving the efficacy of wine therapy. The company’s goal is to achieve an annual output of 2,000 tons of quantum wine from 2015 to 2020, with an output value of RMB 1.2 billion.

　　Some experts have no choice but to say that the so-called quantum water, quantum medicine, quantum fertilizer, etc. are all nouns that fool the public, and have nothing to do with quantum at all, and the academic field that should be pure is hyped up. In order to make these products look more credible, merchants will also superimpose multiple scientific concepts to make it more difficult for consumers to distinguish. For example, quantum resonators are superimposed with many terms such as "negative oxygen ions", "micron electromagnetic waves" and "terahertz".

　　Jin Xianmin, a professor at Shanghai Jiaotong University, told the reporter that although there may be many quantum effects in life phenomena, such as biological navigation and photosynthesis, the experiment is very difficult because these phenomena are too macroscopic. "What has not been realized in the laboratory, how can it be popular in the market?" Judging whether a commodity is quantum or not depends on whether it uses quantum coherence and superposition. If it is not used, it is not a quantum product. "

　　— — Mid-stage position: "conceptual protection"

　　In order to make their absurd remarks look more credible, these companies package their own "routines" very similar, and most of them use "concepts" such as patents, institutions and summits.

　　Use "patents". A company that claims to be doing quantum technology introduced this in WeChat official account: When the quantum water processor is installed, the ultra-fine micro-vibration wave is continuously and constantly released and transmitted into the water through the cylinder wall. The decomposition of large water cluster into small single water molecules enhances the activity and solubility of water molecules, so that the human body can better absorb them.

　　The company applied for a number of utility model patents to "endorse" the products: a "quantum water pipe" improved the purification efficiency, and the purified tap water reached the standard of drinking water; A kind of "Quantum Super Laundry Paper" can achieve a breakthrough in deep stain removal and give full play to its excellent cleaning effect. A "quantum chip" can achieve higher quantum energy, enhance the penetration of quantum energy, have better therapeutic effect and simple and reasonable structure; A kind of "quantum socks" contains metal fibers engraved with quantum energy. It combines acupoint massage with socks to form a convenient Yongquan acupoint massage energy socks, which can treat many diseases … …

　　Backdoor "meeting". On the one hand, sensational articles are published from the media to provoke consumers’ "health anxiety". For example, pushing articles likes to use titles such as "How far is cancer from us" and "Mild fatty liver can also become cancerous directly, and the culprit is here"; On the other hand, by holding offline activities, we can find more institutions to help with awards and platforms, and further enhance our "sense of science and technology".

　　The reporter found the "Summit Forum on the Application and Development of Quantum Science and Technology Products", which included experts from China, South Korea, Russia and other countries. The report claimed that "the leaders of the conference and the guests present witnessed the opening ceremony of the DNA quantum energy warehouse, and the experts explained the quantum (bio-wave) course of medicine and traditional Chinese medicine". The quantum warehouse gathered seven kinds of energy (far-infrared electric wave, photon energy, electric wave, electromagnetic wave, bio-wave and magnetic field, also called gravitational wave.

　　Rub the "paper" In an article on the popular science platform "Fruit Shell", the author pointed out that in September 2018, the paper "On Quantum Entanglement and Acupuncture" published in China Acupuncture, a core Chinese journal, was popular on the Internet, claiming that "the application of quantum entanglement theory to the mutual treatment of immediate family members in acupuncture clinic has achieved remarkable results", which was seriously questioned. The biomedical literature search engine PubMed shows that this paper has been withdrawn, and the reason given is that "there are some defects in the paper, and the author proposes to withdraw it", and China Knowledge Network has been unable to search.

　　— — High-end segment: "capital scam"

　　In November 2016, Longai Quantum Industry (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Longai Quantum") was incorporated in Shenzhen, Guangdong Province. On the company’s network platform, criminals claim that this is a comprehensive large-scale group company with quantum cutting-edge technology as the core and integrating research and development, application, promotion and service. If you invest in products through the company life mall, you can get points. In fact, "Long Ai Quantum" requires participants to obtain membership by paying fees, and members are arranged in layers according to certain rules, so as to obtain high dynamic and static benefits, lure members to continuously develop offline, and take the number of developers and offline performance as the rebate basis, forming a typical pyramid-shaped MLM membership system. This pyramid scheme case has been cracked. The reporter found from the results of the inquiry from the ruling document network that even though it has been widely exposed, many ordinary consumers are still deceived.

　　Not only are there such pyramid schemes, but there are also a few companies that take "quantum" stories in the capital market. Quantum technology is not only difficult to distinguish between authenticity and falsehood for consumers, but also tests judgment for the capital market.

　　"I’ve met a project, saying that quantum energy waves enter the human bioelectric field ‘ Quantum resonance ’ To achieve genetic testing. " Wu Yu, general manager of the new manufacturing investment department of Yuexiu Industrial Fund, said that the important function of the capital market is the allocation of resources. Excessive packaging in the capital market by enterprises with pseudo-quantum technology or quantum concept will have a negative effect on the effective investment of capital resources in the process of quantum technology industrialization. The consumer market needs the supervision and management of market regulators, and the regulators of the capital market also need to guide the market resources to distinguish the false from the true and correctly allocate them.

　　Quantum application, eliminating the false and preserving the true

　　"Never decide what to do, quantum mechanics", which was originally a joke and ridicule in science fiction and film circles, has now become a "pain" in the hearts of many employees in the quantum industry. When the concept is abused, it will not only hurt consumers, but also bring negative word-of-mouth effect to the benign development of the industry.

　　— — What are reliable industrial applications?

　　The development of quantum technology has a great influence on the progress of human science and technology.

　　At present, the research of quantum science and technology is mainly concentrated in the fields of quantum communication, quantum calculation and quantum precision measurement. Experts pointed out that the prospect of quantum technology is very good, but it may take several years to really apply it to people’s lives; In the early years, nucleic acid, nanotechnology, gene therapy, etc., almost every rise of new technology will be hyped by people with ulterior motives, and the methods are similar, mostly making a fuss about daily necessities and medical care. Don’t disturb the market and make this field lose people’s hearts because of these unscientific hype.

　　The latest industrial applications based on quantum physics have been very extensive, including atomic clocks (time and length measurement, navigation); Standards based on quantum measurement (resistance, current, etc.); Laser technology (all kinds of measurement, printer, CD player, welding, cutting technology, medical laser, etc.); Semiconductor technology (transistors, chips, etc.), including microscope and communication technology, all include the application of quantum theory.

　　In the field of quantum communication, China’s research results are rich and its industrialization level is leading the world. According to the data in the international authoritative patent database DWPI, in the field of quantum communication, the number of patents of the same family published by China’s Keda Guodun, Japan’s Toshiba and Japan Electric Co., Ltd. exceeds 100, ranking in the top three. These regular companies have been deeply involved in the field of quantum communication for many years, and their patent applications are all for the protection of their own technology and strategic layout, which are essentially different from those titled party-type patents such as quantum health water, quantum health shoes and quantum health care instrument, which are crowned as "quantum" and whose essence is hot spots. Everyone should beware of being deceived.

　　In the field of quantum communication, typical applications include quantum key distribution and quantum teleportation, and representative products include Keda Guodun and QKD related equipment developed by Anhui Wentian Quantum. In addition, there are quantum VPN, quantum security encryption router and so on.

　　In the field of quantum computing, researchers told reporters that although the development of quantum computers has made rapid progress, most of the current quantum computers are in the prototype state, and it will take a long time to achieve them in general quantum computers. It is a difficult process to really develop practical quantum devices.

　　In the field of quantum measurement, the representative enterprises in China are Guoyi Quantum, etc. The products provided mainly include core key devices represented by enhanced quantum sensors and scientific instruments and equipment used for analysis and testing.

　　— — Don’t let shanzhai affect real innovation.

　　Zhu Yannan, the person in charge of Mozi Salon, said that, for example, the quantum water, quantum insoles that suddenly emerged in 2017, and the quantum fluctuation speed reading of the sudden fire in 2019 are actually deceptive.

　　Under the wave of the second quantum revolution, scientists are not only doing scientific research, but also trying to do popular science, which is "competitive" with pseudoscience, but it is very difficult to "discard the false and preserve the true". By this scientific concept, shanzhai and fraud will bring great trouble to the benign development of the industry.

　　"There are more counterfeit products, and everyone will be disgusted with good and bad quantum products in the future." A domestic scientist in quantum field told reporters helplessly that the abuse of quantum concept is very negative to the normal development of market and industry.

　　Zhang Qiang, co-chairman of the Focus Group on Quantum Information Technology of the International Telecommunication Union, said that there are many factors that make popular science spread far less quickly than rumors: for example, the scientific literacy of the people needs to be improved, and the discrimination against news reports and false propaganda of emerging science and technology is insufficient; There is no sufficient linkage between the market supervision department and the quantum academic circle. When "pseudo-quantum" products use people’s knowledge blind spots to swindle and cheat, it is difficult for market supervisors to scientifically supervise and respond in time. Some self-media also have the situation of chasing hot spots. "How to systematically do quantum science popularization, how to establish a fast and effective supervision mechanism, and how to increase the illegal cost of false propaganda through public interest litigation are all directions for discussion."

　　"Is there any commercial speculation and public relations behavior in the development of quantum technology?" Li Xiaoming, the content director of the popular science platform "Intellectuals", told reporters that the quantum science and technology competition should distinguish between commercial speculation, public relations and real innovation.

　　Experts pointed out that quantum technology has not yet been related to daily necessities. At present, the so-called "quantum+life" products are almost all deceptive things. "We have been trying to publish authoritative quantum scientific research information, popular science articles and cartoons in a language that ordinary people can understand and in a flexible and diverse way, and from a practical point of view, we have cracked down on various rumors in society one by one."

　　"In addition to doing quantum science popularization, we also focus on cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence and life sciences, and show the beauty and strength of science and technology through online and offline activities, so that the public can understand the great promotion of science to the development of human civilization. At the same time, the public should understand the latest scientific progress, prevent falling into the trap of online rumors, recognize some scams caused by information asymmetry, and debunk them in a reasonable way to prevent the second spread of rumors. " Zhu Yannan said.

　　CCTV News:Handmade dough is a local specialty snack in Baoji, Shaanxi Province, with sales exceeding 5.5 billion yuan last year. With the approach of the Spring Festival, the sales of rolled dough are hot, with a daily shipment of 1 million copies. What does a small rolling dough rely on to support such a large capacity? In the interview, the reporter found that there are actually 62 patented technologies behind a small rolled dough.

　　During this time, in the dough-rolling industry gathering area in Jintai District, Baoji, Shaanxi Province, a logistics vehicle is queuing up outside the dough-rolling factory to load. At present, 30,000 orders for rolled dough sent to the United States have just been completed here.

　　The reporter walked into the rolling dough enterprise that was rushing to order and saw that the production line was busy. Sheets of bright rolled dough are produced on the intelligent production line, with an average of more than 200 rolled dough off the assembly line every minute.

　　What the reporter didn’t expect was that such a small rolling dough actually had 62 patented technologies. These patents cover the whole industrial production process of dough, from dough preparation, washing and precipitation, curing and molding to fermented taste. In this rolling dough production enterprise, the person in charge introduced one of the core patented technologies — — Curing technology of rolled dough.

　　Patented technology ensures that the rolled dough "does not change flavor"

　　Patented technology solves the problem of productivity, but can industrial production retain the traditional flavor? How to ensure the taste of rolled dough? Behind this is still the blessing of patented technology.

　　Enterprise technicians told reporters that the core link to determine the taste of rolled dough is fermentation. In the past, the traditional flour paste fermentation was mainly based on experience, and the fermentation time and temperature were unstable. Now, they cooperate with Northwest A&F University, combine the concepts of food engineering and biotechnology, innovate and introduce patented fermentation technology, restore the process and retain the taste.

　　Small handmade noodles drive farmers to increase their income

　　The main raw material of rolling dough is wheat. In the interview, the reporter learned that from wheat planting, harvesting and processing, rolling dough has formed a whole industrial chain and has also become a big industry that drives farmers to increase their income.

　　According to the agreement signed by farmers and enterprises, farmers plant high-quality strong gluten wheat, and agricultural technicians in urban areas provide guidance in important links such as wheat fertilization, watering and pest control to ensure that the quality of wheat meets the requirements of enterprises. At the same time, enterprises buy wheat at a price 10% higher than the market price.

　　Handmade dough industry brings more employment opportunities to farmers

　　Not only provide wheat raw materials, but also villagers can get another income by working in the dough-rolling enterprises in various villages around the dough-rolling industrial park.

　　To eat rolled noodles, you also need oil, pepper, vinegar and other condiments, which in turn drive related industries and increase farmers’ income. Today, from raw material planting, production and processing to consumables packaging and logistics transportation, there are more than 100,000 employees in the whole Baoji dough rolling industry chain.

　　In order to turn Baoji handmade noodles from "local snacks" into a characteristic pillar industry for rural revitalization, Baoji formulated the Implementation Plan for Brand Building of Handmade Noodles, issued the technological process standard for making Handmade Noodles, and applied for registration of geographical indication products of Baoji Handmade Noodles, so as to promote the small noodles to stride forward into a big industry.

A few days ago, the spy photos of Tengshi sports car were exposed on the Internet. This car was originally a production version of Equation Leopard Super 9, and now it has been changed to Tengshi. It is reported that the new car will be available in both hardtop and convertible versions, and its performance is comparable to that of Porsche 911. It is expected to be unveiled at the Shanghai Auto Show in 2025, and the price is expected to exceed 300,000 yuan.

From the spy photos, the car is covered with a blue camouflage sticker that is common in Tengshi. The body is low and smooth, and the size of the whole car is not expected to be too large. It adopts a two-door four-seat layout. It is also equipped with large-size wheels.

Equation Leopard’s first sports car, SUPER 9, was unveiled at the press conference in April. It is a pure electric two-compartment racing car with an open roof design, equipped with suspended double-wing doors, integrated carbon fiber seats, carbon fiber matrix skeleton and racing steering wheel.

　 　 　 　 While carrying out manned space flight, korolev began its efforts to fly out of the earth. Of course, the moon closest to the earth is the first landing target for human beings to go into space. In order to land on the moon, at least three people need to take the same spaceship, so the size and weight of the spaceship are much larger than that of the Dongfang, which carried an astronaut before. In addition, the distance to land on the moon is much farther than that of orbiting the earth, so the thrust of the rocket must be much larger than that of the previous R-7. Korolev began to improve the R-7 in 1958. However, due to the political turmoil in the former Soviet Union, he was short of funds, and his work encountered many troubles. In 1959, Luna, the first spacecraft of the former Soviet Union to explore the moon, was supposed to touch the moon, but in the end it was 6,000 kilometers off the scheduled orbit. Fortunately, Lunar Exploration II was a success, becoming the first human aircraft to reach the moon, and korolev won the first place in the world for the former Soviet Union. The third ship went one step further. It sent back photos of the back of the moon.

Sergei korolev, the father of space flight in the former Soviet Union

　　　　　　　　According to korolev’s plan, it is a matter of time before the Soviet Union landed on the moon, and it should be before the Americans. In order to meet the needs of landing on the moon, korolev put forward a new design scheme and long-term planning for a large rocket, which is the famous N1 launch vehicle of the former Soviet Union. N1 also has two little brothers N2 and N3, whose size and thrust are gradually reduced, and the latter is used to carry intercontinental missiles. However, just after the design scheme of N1 was released, before it was implemented, the former Soviet Union was caught in a debate about whether to give priority to the development of intercontinental missiles or manned rockets. In December, 1959, after intense discussions among officials in charge and experts at all levels, the idea of giving priority to missile development prevailed. In this case, there is no need to build a super-large rocket like N1. Although korolev has also obtained some funds to continue to develop rockets for landing on the moon, the former Soviet Union’s moon landing plan has temporarily stalled.

　　　　　　　　At the same time, the White House ushered in a new owner, and the United States also entered their new era. The balance of the space race began to tilt in favor of the United States.

　　　　　　　　On January 20, 1961, snow covered Washington, the capital of the United States. The youngest president in American history, only 43-year-old John F. Kennedy, was sworn in in front of the White House. A few months ago, he defeated Nixon, the then vice president, in the general election, and the two men always could not avoid a controversial topic-how to defeat the Soviet Union in the Cold War. American efforts began with President Eisenhower, and Nixon, then vice president, did a lot of work. However, the youthful Kennedy was much more ambitious than his predecessor. In Kennedy’s famous inaugural speech, he put exploring the mysteries of interstellar space as the first priority in his scientific work, before conquering deserts and treating diseases. And he called on the United States and the Soviet Union to join hands in these fields. Only four months later, Kennedy put forward an ambitious space program-landing on the moon within ten years. This program was named after the sun god, which is the famous Apollo Program.

Von Braun is with President Kennedy.

　　　　　　　　The Apollo program is the largest plan for human beings to explore space and unknown areas, and the whole country in the United States has mobilized. Hundreds of universities, research institutions and companies, more than 20,000 scientists and 400,000 people directly and indirectly participated in this space program. The key to the Apollo program is the development of the rocket to the moon, and the popular candidate is von Braun. Therefore, when the project was about to begin, von Braun and his team transferred from the Army to NASA. Von Braun served as the director of Marshall Space Center, responsible for the development of rockets to the moon, the project code-named Saturn. Von Braun’s new job began in 1961, and he was fighting against his unknown opponent in the Soviet Union.

Von Braun, praised by NASA as the first person in the history of world space.

　　　　　　　　Compared with korolev, von Braun is much luckier. The United States is more secure in financial resources and manpower than the former Soviet Union, so Americans catch up quickly. In 1961, von Braun’s Saturn I rocket was successfully developed, which was the first large thrust rocket made in the United States. The thrust of the first stage rocket reached 6670 kn, exceeding the thrust of all R-7 engines. Generally speaking, Saturn-1 was very successful. It not only successfully put five spacecraft, including command module and service module, into Earth orbit in 1964-1965, but also sent some satellites related to the Apollo program and microwave survey ships between the Earth and the Moon (to prepare for the subsequent communication on the moon) to the scheduled orbit.

The three astronauts of Apollo 11 reunited in front of the lunar module that year.

　　　　　　　　NASA originally planned to use Saturn-1 to carry out four manned space flights in 1965-1966, but later it was found that the thrust of the rocket was slightly insufficient, so von Braun developed a Saturn-B rocket with stronger thrust in 1963. The thrust of its first-stage rocket was about 10% higher than that of Saturn-1, and the thrust of its second-stage rocket was more than doubled (890 kN to 400 kN). So far, the United States In addition to rocket technology, there are many cutting-edge technologies needed for landing on the moon. Let’s take a look at the preparations made by Americans on several key technologies.

　　　　　　　　The first is the technology of landing and leaving the moon.It is not easy for astronauts to land on the moon safely. On the earth, with the help of the atmosphere and the ocean, we can slow down the capsule that is about to land by parachute, and we can also land on the ocean in order to prevent the capsule from colliding with the ground. Unlike the earth, the moon has neither atmosphere nor ocean, so these methods of landing on the earth are not used on the moon. The only way is to slow down the lunar module with a reverse rocket, just like what we saw in the movie Star Wars and various science fiction films. But in reality, it is very difficult to do so, and the rocket jet speed and angle must be controlled very well.

　　　　　　　　Of course, astronauts are neither Chang ‘e nor WU GANG, so they can’t live on the moon for a long time, and they still need to leave the moon and return to Earth. At the beginning of the Apollo program, NASA proposed four return schemes.

　　　　　　　　The first plan is to take a big rocket with the lander, and the United States is the smallest.

　　　　　　　　The fourth scheme is to launch two rockets to the moon, one carrying the lunar module and the other carrying the rocket returning from the moon to the earth, and then assemble it on the moon. The disadvantage of this method is that if the trajectories of the two rockets deviate a little, the landing point of the lunar module and the returning rocket will be 180 kilometers or more, and the astronauts will not come back.

　　　　　　　　Most experts prefer the first scheme because it is simple. At that time, most experts were not sure about air docking. In fact, von Braun also supports this scheme, and has planned to design a Nova rocket (nova) larger than Saturn V to accomplish this mission. However, a scientist named John Houbolt (1919-) insisted that the total weight of lunar landing equipment should be as light as possible, and tried his best to convince most people, so experts including the Marshall Space Center led by von Braun accepted the third scheme. The Apollo program finally adopted this scheme and achieved success. American historians believe that it would not have been possible to land on the moon in the late 1960s if NASA had not finally adopted the opinions of a few people, although Americans were able to land on the moon in the end.

　　　　　　　　Of course, one of the difficulties of this plan is docking. For this reason, Apollo 9 conducted a docking test in orbit around the earth, and the test was successful. Only then did the Americans move on.

　　　　　　　　Secondly, the technology of the moon landing spacecraft..Spacecraft landing on the moon include Command and Service Module (CSM) and Lunar Module (LM). As shown in the figure below:

The three parts of Apollo 11, from left to right, are the service module, the command module and the lunar module.

　　　　　　　　The command module is the shelter for astronauts on their way back and forth. It is not only to send astronauts from the earth to the moon orbit, but also to return them, and it is also the only part that re-enters the atmosphere to send astronauts to the surface, so it has been tested the most in the Apollo program. This module is about three and a half meters in diameter, nearly four meters high and weighs 5.5 tons. The service module (SM) is connected with the command module (CM, sometimes called the space module in the news), and its diameter is similar to that of the command module, but its length is seven meters. It transports all kinds of materials needed for landing on the moon, including liquid fuel and various equipment, weighing 24 tons. The service module is connected to the command module and flies to the moon together, but it will be thrown away when the spacecraft re-enters the earth’s atmosphere. Most of the time, the service module and the command module are tested together. The part of landing on the moon includes the thrust rocket needed for landing on the moon and the rocket leaving the moon, as well as the lunar module. Although the weight of this part has been reduced as much as possible in the design, it still weighs 15 tons.

　　　　　　　　Then there is the control technology.One of the most critical technologies is the Kalman filter in automatic control. This filtering method was invented by Rudolph E. Kalman (1930-), an American Hungarian mathematician. At the beginning of this control theory put forward by Kalman, its practicability was so doubtful that he did not publish this achievement in the journal of electronic engineering and automatic control, but published it in the journal of mathematics. One day in 1960, Kalman visited Stanley Schmidt (1944-), who worked in NASA, and found that his method was very useful for solving the difficult problem of orbit prediction in Apollo program, so he taught it to Schmidt.

　　　　　　　　Finally, there is the problem of communication between the earth and the moon.The moon is 380 thousand kilometers away from our earth, nearly 10 times the circumference of the earth. Such long-distance two-way communication has never been carried out by humans before. Will the attenuation of the signal interrupt communication? In addition, it takes more than two seconds for radio waves to travel back and forth between the earth and the moon once. How to eliminate the influence of this delay on control? There are many problems that need to be tested one by one to determine. To this end, the United States launched some spacecraft to test the communication between the earth and the moon. Finally, Motorola provided intercom equipment between the moon and the earth. Unfortunately, this great company no longer exists independently today.

　　　　　　　　In the race to the moon, the former Soviet Union was far behind the United States in key technologies except rocket technology.

　　　　　　　　Of course, in the end, everything will go back to the rocket, because the total weight of several parts of the whole moon landing spacecraft exceeds 45 tons, which makes the manufacture of large thrust rockets become the bottleneck of the whole plan. Von Braun’s team needs to design a rocket with much larger thrust than Saturn-B. The previous dozens of various launch tests undoubtedly provided rich technical accumulation for their later development of new rockets. In 1967, von Braun’s masterpiece Saturn V was born.

　　　　　　　　But in January 1967, Apollo 1 had an accident before it was launched. In a ground test, the oxygen cabin exploded and the spacecraft caught fire, killing all three astronauts. The accident did not shake the determination of Americans, but helped Americans find many problems and make a lot of improvements, from the design of spacecraft to the spacesuit. Some of these improvements benefited the later Apollo 13 and avoided new tragedies. Although the Apollo program was slightly delayed, in November, Apollo IV (to commemorate the three astronauts who died, Apollo 1, 2 and 3 were vacant) was successfully launched, which was the first test of Saturn V rocket. In the following six months, the United States conducted two more experiments and tested all the links needed for landing on the moon in an unmanned state. After half a year’s preparation, from October 1968, the United States began to use manned spacecraft (Apollo VII) for simulation experiments. In just seven months, the United States conducted as many as four experiments, and 12 astronauts went into space. Among them, Apollo 8 manned the lunar orbit for the first time, and three astronauts circled the moon for 10 times. Apollo 10 tested the landing process of the spacecraft to the moon and landed at a height of only 15,000 meters from the surface of the moon, which is only slightly higher than the cruising altitude of commercial aircraft.

　　　　　　　　The next task is to land on the moon and let the astronauts set foot on the surface of the moon. For the first trip to the moon, NASA made full preparations. In the early stage, I launched many experiments and tried everything I could think of. The rest is to determine the candidate for the first moon landing mission. After many considerations, Neil A. Armstrong (1930-2012), Edwin E. Aldrin (1930-) and Michael Collins (1930-) were finally determined to perform this historic mission. Of course, to be on the safe side, NASA has also prepared a corresponding backup team. Even after selecting a three-person team, who will set foot on the moon first has become the focus of controversy among several astronauts. In training, Aldrin climbed out of the hatch first, and finally changed to Armstrong, because the design of the hatch was more convenient for him rather than Aldrin going out first. For the inside details of Apollo’s landing on the moon, readers can refer to the book Apollo-Lunar Expedition.

　　　　　　　　Soon, a glorious moment in human history came. On July 16, 1969, at the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida, Armstrong and others boarded the towering Apollo 11 spacecraft and were about to begin the human journey to the moon. The Apollo landing on the moon was televised by the United States to the whole world, and Nixon, then president, watched the live event on TV from the Oval Office of the White House. I think that if every reader can go back to that day, he will definitely sit in front of the TV and watch it. Fortunately, more than 30 years later, in the command room of Kennedy Space Center, I saw the command of Apollo 11 mission and the video of landing on the moon at the simulation site.

　　　　　　　　Ok, now please follow me to the command center. At 9: 32 am (Eastern Daylight Time), the rocket launch entered the final countdown. Astronauts and rockets are in good condition. Perhaps out of excitement or nervousness, Armstrong’s heart rate reached 110 beats per minute when the rocket was launched, which had never happened before. On the console, the display screens and lights of various instruments kept flashing, and the timer on the wall began to count down-10, 9, 8…3, 2, 1. At this time, the sound of "emission" sounded in the background. On the big screen, Saturn V ignited successfully, and the orange flame pushed the 110-meter-high behemoth to rise slowly and faster until the rocket disappeared on the screen. On the fourth day, July 19, the rocket entered the lunar orbit; On the fifth day, July 20th, Apollo 11 was ready to land on the moon. The camera switches to the image of Apollo 11 landing on the lunar surface, and there is a camera under the lunar module, which sends the blurred image of the lunar surface back to Earth. I saw the lunar module getting closer and closer to the surface of the moon and finally stopped there. This image can be seen on the website of NASA. After the lunar module landed safely on the surface of the moon, commander Armstrong returned the first words that humans said on the moon: "Houston, this is the Jinghai base. The eagle landed successfully. "

　　　　　　　　Next, Armstrong and Aldrin should sleep for five hours according to the pre-set itinerary, because they didn’t sleep much during the flight. But both of them were so excited that no one could sleep. After consulting the headquarters, they set foot on the surface of the moon in advance. On the screen of the control room, Armstrong stepped down from the lunar module and set foot on the moon. His movements were very slow. Because of the long distance and the communication technology is far less developed than today, the images and sounds sent back are intermittent, but Armstrong’s famous words can still be distinguished, "This is one small step for man, but one giant step for mankind." The recording of these seconds can be heard on the Internet.

Aldrin is on the surface of the moon.

　　　　　　　　More than 600 million viewers around the world watched the first human step on the moon on TV. Armstrong and Aldrin put some experimental instruments on the surface of the moon and collected more than 20 kilograms of lunar rock samples. The two of them stayed on the moon for about two and a half hours, and then went back to the lunar module to sleep. Although Aldrin accidentally broke the ignition switch of the return rocket, it was near miss. They turned on the switch with a pen, and the rocket sent them to the lunar orbit to rendezvous with the control/service module, and then returned to Earth. On July 24th, the command module carrying three astronauts fell into the Pacific Ocean. The whole process from launch to safe landing on the earth’s surface is about eight days and three hours.

Armstrong and other three astronauts spent more than ten days in the isolation cabin after returning from the moon. At that time, American President Nixon visited them in the isolation cabin at the first time and congratulated them through the glass window.

　　　　　　　　The success of Apollo’s landing on the moon is a victory for all mankind. As many as 400,000 people directly and indirectly participated in the Apollo program (Nixon’s original words). They came from different countries in the world, including many Chinese scientists. How much contribution did von Braun make in the Apollo program? NASA commented on him like this: "There is no doubt that he is the greatest rocket scientist in history. His greatest achievement was that when he was the director of the Marshall Space Flight Center of NASA, he presided over the research and development of Saturn V and successfully achieved the great cause of human landing on the moon for the first time in July 1969. " It can be said that there would be no Saturn V without von Braun. Although humans can finally land on the moon, it will not be within the time limit set by Kennedy-the 1960s.

　　　　　　　　On January 12th, 1966, korolev died of a surgical operation at the age of 59. It’s a pity that he didn’t see the successful docking of his designed spacecraft Soyuz and Salute-he had been buried underground for more than four years.

　　　　　　　　Vasily Mishin (1917-2001), korolev’s successor, did not have the influence and courage of korolev. Although he completed the development of the N1 rocket under very difficult circumstances, the rocket failed in all directions. Coupled with the constant space accidents, especially the death of astronauts, the Soviet Union’s moon landing plan failed as a whole and was finally abandoned.

　　　　　　　　In the end, Americans successfully landed on the moon many times, but the former Soviet Union did not once. The fundamental reason for this is not that korolev’s ability is not good, but that the former Soviet Union lost in its comprehensive national strength.

　　　　　　　　Without his opponent, von Braun continues to devote himself to the space industry. After Apollo 11, the United States successfully landed on the moon five times, completing a feat in human history. In 1972, after achieving the expected goal, the United States terminated the Apollo program and developed a reusable space vehicle, the space shuttle. Five years after the last Apollo spacecraft landed on the moon, von Braun also came to the end of his life. In 1977, he died of cancer. Shortly before his death, he won the National Science Award, the highest award in American science and technology, but he was unable to go to the White House to receive the award.

(This article is taken from the second volume of Light of Civilization, written by Wu Jun, People’s Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House, 2014). )

On November 29th, 2004, Caiqi [2004] No.252.

All provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the central government, the financial departments (bureaus), the competent commercial departments, the Finance Bureau and the Commerce Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, all foreign business institutions, and all centrally managed enterprises:
　　In order to support and encourage enterprises with comparative advantages to "go global" and expand their foreign contracted projects, according to the budget arrangement of the central government’s foreign aid joint venture project fund in 2004, the commercial loans obtained by Chinese enterprises from domestic banks for the implementation of foreign contracted projects will be subsidized. The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:
　　I. Conditions for enterprises and projects applying for discount interest.
　　(1) An enterprise applying for discount must meet the following conditions:
　　1 registered in accordance with the law, and has an independent legal personality;
　　2. Qualification for foreign economic cooperation approved by the state;
　　3. There is no malicious default or misappropriation of foreign aid joint venture and cooperation project funds;
　　4. Accept the coordination of financial and commercial departments and our foreign economic and commercial institutions.
　　(two) to apply for discount projects must meet the following conditions:
　　1. Submit the statistical data of the project in accordance with the provisions of the Statistical System of Foreign Economic Cooperation Business;
　　2. The project contract is valid from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2004, and the contract amount of a single project is not less than 10 million US dollars (or other equivalent currencies);
　　3. The loan contract of the project is valid from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2004, and the single loan amount is not less than 10 million yuan (or equivalent foreign currency);
　　4. The contracted enterprise and the loan enterprise must be the same enterprise;
　　5. In line with China’s foreign trade and economic policies.
　　Second, the application materials and procedures
　　(1) When applying for discount, an enterprise shall provide the following materials:
　　1. Discount application report;
　　2 "Enterprise Declaration Notes" (Annex 1);
　　3. Basic Information of Foreign Contracted Projects and List of Interest Payment of Bank Loans in 2004 (Annex 2);
　　4. Copy of the business license of the enterprise as a legal person;
　　5. A copy of the commercial part of the project contract (Chinese version or Chinese translation);
　　6. Written opinions of overseas economic and commercial institutions on the implementation of the project, including: contract amount, commencement date, image progress, estimated completion date, etc.;
　　7. A copy of the bank loan contract;
　　8. A copy of the settlement voucher for bank loans, interest payment and loan repayment.
　　(2) application procedures:
　　1. Local enterprises will submit the above materials to the local provincial finance and commerce authorities before February 28, 2005, and the provincial finance and commerce authorities will conduct a preliminary examination of the projects applying for interest discount according to the provisions of this notice, fill in the Summary of Preliminary Examination of Loan Interest Discount for Foreign Contracted Projects (Annex 4), and jointly report to the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Commerce before March 31, 2005;
　　2. Enterprises managed by the central government will submit the Summary of Preliminary Examination of Loan Discount for Foreign Contracted Projects (Annex 4) together with relevant application materials to the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Commerce respectively before March 31, 2005;
　　3. The Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Commerce entrust intermediaries to jointly issue discount funds after reviewing the declared projects;
　　4. Within 15 days after the two ministries issued the notice of financial discount funds for foreign contracted project loans of relevant enterprises this year, the Ministry of Commerce will directly allocate the discount funds to the enterprises.
　　Third, the discount standard
　　(a) the annual discount rate is not higher than 2 percentage points;
　　(2) The discount period is calculated according to the calendar month of the actual loan period;
　　(3) The project enjoys discount interest for a maximum of 3 years;
　　(four) interest rate hikes, penalty interest, etc. other than normal loans are not subsidized;
　　(five) each foreign contracted project can only enjoy a loan discount;
　　(6) The discount amount shall be calculated in RMB.
　　Four, foreign business institutions shall issue written opinions for enterprises in accordance with the requirements of item 6 of the first paragraph of Article 2 of this notice (Annex 3).
　　Five, in order to do a good job in financial discount in 2004, improve efficiency, please enterprises in accordance with the provisions of this notice, carefully prepare the discount application materials and bind them in order, according to the project directory.
　　Six, after receiving the discount interest funds, the enterprise will make a reduction of the financial expenses of the current year. No unit may cheat or intercept discount interest funds in any form or for any reason. In violation of the provisions, the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Commerce will fully recover the discount funds and cancel their discount eligibility. At the same time, investigate the responsibility of the relevant personnel.
　　Seven, the financial and commercial departments will supervise and inspect the implementation of discount interest funds, to ensure that discount interest funds in place in time, earmarking.
　　Attachment: 1. Description of enterprise declaration
　　　　　2. Basic information of foreign contracted projects and interest payment list of bank loans in 2004.
　　　　　3 in _ _ _ _ _ Economic and Commercial Counsellor’s Office (room) opinion
　　　　　4. Summary table of preliminary examination of loan discount for foreign contracted projects

　　People’s Daily Online, Beijing, January 30 (Reporter Lu Jing) On January 30, the joint prevention and control mechanism of the State Council held a press conference. Han Jinghua, Deputy Director of the Transport Services Department of the Ministry of Transport, attended the conference and answered questions from reporters.

　　This year, the passenger flow in Spring Festival travel rush has increased substantially. How can the Ministry of Transport do a good job in epidemic prevention and control and service? Han Jinghua introduced that there are four specific measures as follows:

　　The first is to formulate and implement epidemic prevention guidelines and refine the prevention and control measures of epidemic situation. According to the requirements of "Class B Management" and the characteristics of passenger flow in Spring Festival travel rush, the epidemic prevention and control guidelines for comprehensive transportation in Spring Festival travel rush and Covid-19 were formulated, and 14 epidemic prevention measures were defined in four aspects: disinfection and ventilation of stations and means of transport, protection of employees, publicity and guidance, and emergency response. Strengthen dispatch and supervision, guide all localities to strictly implement the requirements of the guidelines, disinfect and ventilate the passenger contact areas, facilities, equipment and means of transportation in the station, strengthen the health monitoring and protection of employees, and stop operations as soon as symptoms appear to ensure the safety of transportation and epidemic prevention.

　　The second is to optimize transportation service measures to minimize the risk of infection. Actively provide non-contact services such as online ticket purchase, e-ticket and self-service ticket inspection to reduce unnecessary personnel contact. Strengthen the passenger flow organization of passenger stations, guide the public to queue up in an orderly manner, disperse and wait for passengers, and reduce the concentration of people. Increase the input of transportation capacity during peak hours, operate "point-to-point" chartered cars and increase night buses according to the needs of the masses, strengthen the connection between different modes of transportation, improve the transportation service capacity, and reduce the gathering of people and long waiting. At the same time, some key passenger stations have also prepared necessary epidemic prevention materials such as antipyretics and thermometers to deal with emergencies.

　　The third is to organize supervision and inspection and implement the main responsibility of epidemic prevention and control. In order to implement the epidemic prevention measures of transportation, transportation departments at all levels have carried out various forms of comprehensive and special inspections. Before the Spring Festival, the Ministry of Transport, together with relevant departments, went to 13 provinces to carry out supervision and inspection, and urged transport operators to strictly implement epidemic prevention and control measures such as disinfection and ventilation of passenger stations and vehicles, transportation organization and personnel protection, and resolutely guard against the spread of the epidemic through transportation.

　　The fourth is to strengthen epidemic prevention propaganda and guide the masses to travel rationally at the wrong peak. Make full use of service guarantee windows such as "cars, boats, airplanes, roads, ports and stations" and media channels such as television, radio and internet, strengthen epidemic prevention propaganda, release travel information in time, guide the public to travel rationally and avoid peaks, remind passengers to avoid taking public transport when they are sick, wear masks regularly throughout the trip, actively reduce gathering, and be the first person responsible for their own health.

　　In addition, Han Jinghua stressed that at present, it is at the peak of returning after the holiday, reminding the majority of passengers that in order to be safe and healthy, they should wear masks all the way in the process of entering and leaving the passenger station and taking public transportation, and work together to prevent and control the traffic epidemic.

The little "Luo" whistled and set sail.

Luohe, Henan Province: "Handling Cases+Education" fully protects minors.

In November 2023, students from Luohe Experimental Primary School went to the Comprehensive Protection Center for Minors in the city to participate in the immersive practice of rule of law.

"There are legal provisions and judicial cases in this’ online celebrity Exhibition Hall’, and the prosecutor’s sister also taught us how to deal with bad people and prevent infringement." Recently, students from West Lake School in Luohe City, Henan Province, led by their teachers, came to the exhibition hall of rule of law education in Luohe City Comprehensive Protection Center for Minors and completed a unique study tour of rule of law.

The reporter learned that there are 4 exhibition areas and 16 themes in the exhibition hall of rule of law education in Luohe Comprehensive Protection Center for Minors, which integrates the functions of visiting, teaching, experience and practice by using situational experience and game interaction. With the help of the announcement (admonition) room, information (inquiry) room and psychological counseling room set up in the comprehensive case-handling area of the center, the procuratorate of Luohe City comprehensively carried out procuratorial case handling, psychological counseling, comprehensive assistance and parental education. Since its establishment in December 2019, the center has received more than 7,800 visitors and carried out 52 legal practice activities, which has not only become an important position for the mutual promotion of procuratorial handling and legal education, but also a "punching place" for legal education for minors in online celebrity.

Enhance the effectiveness of rule of law education

"I used to think that loving children is to make him worry-free, so I patronize working to earn money and rarely communicate with children." In June 2023, when accompanying the children to visit the exhibition hall of rule of law education in Luohe Comprehensive Protection Center for Minors, the mother of Ma, a minor involved in the crime, choked.

In July 2022, when handling a suspected theft case of Ma, the prosecutor of the Yancheng District Procuratorate of Luohe City found that Ma’s mother worked outside the home all the year round, and Ma had been living with her grandmother. Ma has been infected with Internet addiction due to the lack of family supervision. If he is not helped to quit Internet addiction, he still has the risk of committing crimes again.

In view of this, the procuratorate and the Women’s Federation jointly provided family education guidance to Ma’s mother, suggesting that she communicate with her children more, strengthen supervision and help Ma quit Internet addiction. After 10 months of investigation and assistance, on May 15, 2023, Ma was decided not to prosecute by the Yancheng District Procuratorate.

"In view of the problems such as the lack of family education and the absence of guardianship reflected in cases involving minors, we have produced courses such as" Talking about family education from the’ long season’ ",focusing on improving parents’ self-literacy, improving improper education methods, strengthening parent-child communication, and building a defense line for family guardianship, and reminding parents with the most real cases." Jun Hu, head of the unchecked department of Luohe City Procuratorate, said.

The reporter learned that Luohe Comprehensive Protection Center for Minors has a theater of rule of law and a mock trial. In view of the rule of law needs of students of different ages, combined with the legal blind spots and key points found in the practice of handling cases, prosecutors have produced more than 40 lecture courseware, scenario scripts and simulation cases on different topics such as preventing school bullying and preventing telecommunication network fraud, and actively fed back the course menu to the school for selection.

Since 2022, the procuratorate of Luohe City has given full play to the various functions of the Luohe Comprehensive Protection Center for Minors, and based on this, it has created the brand of "Yu Jian Future Xiao Luo" for minors’ procuratorial work. Since 2022, the Seventh Procuratorial Department of Luohe City Procuratorate has been awarded the National Advanced Collective for Safeguarding Women’s and Children’s Rights and Interests, the Henan Youth Rights and Interests Post and the National Youth Rights and Interests Post. The center was awarded as an excellent publicity and education base of the rule of law in Henan Province and a demonstration base of family education in Henan Province.

"This kind of case teaching and interactive experience based on procuratorial handling cases has changed the single mode of popularizing law, such as distributing brochures and teaching in class, realized the close combination of rule of law education and high-quality and efficient handling cases, and greatly improved the publicity effect of popularizing law." On August 17, 2023, Ning Yaqiu, deputy to the National People’s Congress and deputy director of the editorial office of Luohe Radio and Television Station in Henan Province, said at the unveiling ceremony of the Henan Provincial Procuratorate’s Comprehensive Protection Center for Minors.

Expand the source of supervision cases

In July 2022, Wang, an obstetrician and gynecologist in a hospital in Wuyang County, found that Xiao Yu (12 years old) was suspected of being sexually assaulted. Wang reported the case to the police at the first time according to the compulsory reporting system for cases against minors. The public security organs quickly launched an investigation, and the Wuyang County Procuratorate intervened in advance to guide the investigation according to law. In the end, the defendant was sentenced to three years in prison by the court.

"When the prosecutor gave us a mandatory report, he particularly emphasized the importance of medical staff fulfilling their mandatory reporting obligations in time, thus reducing the occurrence of re-infringement. Our hospital conscientiously implements the mandatory reporting system and incorporates it into the year-end assessment project of medical staff to jointly protect the healthy growth of minors. " The president of the hospital told the reporter.

"Since June 2022, we have concentrated on preaching the systems of compulsory reporting, prohibition of employment, and on-the-job inquiry to key groups such as front-line teachers and medical staff in Luohe Comprehensive Protection Center for Minors, and received a total of 7 clues about suspected cases of infringement on minors, including 2 criminal cases. The role of promoting and expanding the source of supervision by the rule of law is becoming prominent." Yuan Dong, deputy procurator-general of Luohe City Procuratorate, said.

The rule of law propaganda is not only an effective way to expand the source of supervision cases, but also an important part of minors’ procuratorial work and a keen antenna to participate in social governance. It is reported that Luohe City Procuratorate, in response to the clues about campus surrounding safety and school bullying found and collected in the popularization of law, actively cooperated with education, public security, market supervision and other departments to comprehensively manage the campus surrounding environment through discussion and consultation, procuratorial suggestions, and urging special actions, so as to eliminate all kinds of risks infringing on the legitimate rights and interests of minors in time. Since 2022, Luohe City Procuratorate has issued 12 procuratorial suggestions on the protection of minors according to law, promoted functional departments to carry out special rectification activities 14 times, inspected 428 merchants, ordered 30 businesses to suspend business for rectification, and investigated 9 illegal entertainment venues.

"Minors who commit crimes are the key targets of rule of law education." Yuan Dong said that since 2022, the procuratorial organs in Luohe City have focused on the juvenile delinquents, a special group of rule of law education, and paid attention to giving full play to the important role of targeted rule of law education in helping and saving juvenile delinquents, combining rule of law education with procuratorial admonition, behavior development and help and save, helping 55 juvenile delinquents to turn over a new leaf and reintegrate into society.

Optimize the mode of "handling cases+education"

"Children, please follow me to start this journey of the rule of law in the Winter Olympics and see what problems’ Jian Xiaowei’ encountered in the Winter Olympics and how to use legal weapons to protect himself." On the day of Children’s Day in 2023, more than 20,000 students from Luohe participated in an online live broadcast of the rule of law propaganda. Wang Hao, the prosecutor of the unchecked department of Luohe City Procuratorate, became the "anchor" and interpreted relevant legal knowledge from three aspects: rules and laws, cybercrime and campus violence. The number of praises in the live broadcast was as high as 500,000 times.

Luohe City Procuratorate adheres to the concept that "case handlers can be better lecturers", selects 81 procuratorial police officers with excellent political skills and professional skills in the city’s procuratorial organs to set up a professional propaganda team, and adjusts the content, methods and objects of propaganda at any time according to the changes in the characteristics of crimes involving minors, and promotes the deep integration of case interpretation and campus law popularization. At the same time, the hospital actively absorbs social propaganda talents, such as educators and children’s social workers, and changes "prosecutors speak for themselves" into "everyone speaks together", forming a big pattern of legal education for minors with distinct themes and their respective strengths; Actively unite the Youth League Committee, women’s federations, education, civil affairs and other units, and efficiently integrate Luohe City’s comprehensive protection center for minors, family education guidance stations, youth homes, and practice bases for rule of law education in primary and secondary schools, so as to achieve multi-field cooperation and one-stop service.

According to reports, since February 2023, Luohe City Procuratorate and relevant departments have carried out 13 sessions of "Youth Shaying and Law Walking" rule of law summer camp activities and "Candy Mom" parenting classes and educational lectures, bringing children of migrant workers, left-behind children in rural areas, parents, etc. into the scope of rule of law education, and including mental health education. At the same time, for some minors involved with outstanding psychological problems, The Communist Youth League Committee, educational and professional psychological institutions have carried out collective psychological counseling for 6 times and case intervention for 33 times, striving to achieve pre-prevention, timely intervention and timely punishment, and integrating standardized case handling, accurate publicity and diversified protection.

"The procuratorate of Luohe City will continue to focus on brand creation, optimize the mode of" case handling+education ",comprehensively strengthen the judicial protection of minors, crime prevention, rule of law education, etc., and sound the small number of comprehensive judicial protection for minors, making this" work with temperature "more practical and better, and supporting a blue sky of rule of law for the healthy growth of minors." Du Yongzhao, Party Secretary and Procurator-General of Luohe City Procuratorate, said.

(Our reporter Liu Lixin   Correspondent Huang Xindi)