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March 1950

North China Meteorological Observatory growing up in the war

After a gorgeous transformation

Become a national weather forecasting center

Central Meteorological Observatory (in China)

In March 1950, the former site of the earliest office building of the Central Meteorological Observatory was located in the Beijing Zoo. The newly-established Central Meteorological Observatory consists of forecasting department, communication department, confidential department, reference room, management department and office, with a total number of about 40 people, including only 5 forecasters.

calendar

March 1945

The first meteorological training team under the leadership of the Communist Party of China was established in Qingliangshan, Yan ‘an.

history

September 1945

Yan ‘an Meteorological Observatory, the first meteorological station under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee and the Central Military Commission, was established.

change

May 1949

The meteorological land-air communication training team of the Aviation Department of North China Military Region took over the North China Meteorological Observatory.

reform

December 1949

Meteorological bureau of CMC established

After the establishment of Meteorological Bureau of CMC

On March 1, 1950,

Took over the management of the aviation department of the North China Military Region.

North China Meteorological Observatory

And on this basis

Expanded to the Central Meteorological Observatory

The Central Meteorological Observatory in 1953

March 2020

The Central Meteorological Observatory ushered in its "70 years old"

70 years has passed, and it has been a long journey.

Always walk with the party and the people for 70 years.

Guarding the cold and summer of the Republic

Today’s Central Meteorological Observatory

Central Meteorological Observatory (National Meteorological Center)

It is a scientific and technological social basic public welfare institution, a national business center for national weather forecasting, marine, environmental, ecological and agricultural meteorology, research and development and operation of business numerical forecasting system of China Meteorological Bureau, decision-making meteorological service, and also a world meteorological center (Beijing) of the World Meteorological Organization, a regional professional meteorological center for nuclear environmental emergency response, a regional professional meteorological center for Asian sandstorm forecasting and a regional professional meteorological center for marine meteorological service.

The National Meteorological Center (the Central Meteorological Observatory) has built a GRAPES numerical forecasting operational system consisting of deterministic and ensemble forecasting. Carry out monitoring and early warning for typhoon, rainstorm, snowstorm, strong convection, cold wave, high temperature, sandstorm, fog and other disastrous weather, as well as weather forecast business of 0-30 weather elements; It has formed a meteorological forecast service system facing the public, the government and the industry, and the service areas involve agriculture, ecology, ocean, aviation, hydrology, environment, insurance and other major categories of the national economy.

Looking back on the 70 years of glory

It also created its own glorious history.

Hard work 1950-1965

March 1950

The Central Meteorological Observatory of the Meteorological Bureau of the Military Commission was established

November 1950

Establish "Joint Weather Analysis and Forecast Center"

▲ Forecasters use abacus to manually count meteorological data.

▲ Forecasters discuss weather changes.

Field observation

August 1953

Collective transfer system of meteorological department

Renamed "central weather bureau Central Meteorological Observatory"

August 1956

Renamed as "Central Institute of Meteorological Science"

June 1956

The weather forecast is published in the newspaper.

Radio stations also broadcast weather forecasts publicly.

1956

Opening the first meteorological special wired long-distance telex circuit in China

▲ The operator typed Morse radio messages in the radio room.

September 1960

Business and research are separated.

The Central Meteorological Observatory undertakes short-term and medium-and long-term weather forecasting services.

Wind and rain course 1966-1977

January 1970

Central Meteorological Observatory (in China)

The first group of wireless frequency shift telex meteorological broadcasts began to broadcast.

The National Meteorological Observatory receives meteorological information

The manual Morse code was gradually changed to the mechanized telegraph receiving method.

▲ Teleoperator uses telex to mechanically receive newspapers.

▲ Discuss the weather.

1970

Submit the Weather Bulletin to the State Council and relevant ministries and commissions.

▲ Send weather fax map.

Reform and opening up 1978-2000

March 1978

Renamed Beijing Meteorological Center

1978

Establish numerical analysis and forecasting services

▲ On April 21st, 1979, the joint analysis and forecast room of numerical forecast was formally established.

May 1979

China was recognized by the World Meteorological Organization for the first time

Regional meteorological center of WMO global data processing and forecasting system

Namely Beijing Regional Meteorological Center.

January 1980

Beijing Meteorological Communication Hub (BQS System) completed

In 1982, the short-term numerical weather forecast service was established, and on this basis, the national MOS system was established. The project won the first prize of national scientific and technological progress in 1985. The picture shows that researchers are studying the improvement model.

October 1986

"Weather forecast" program independently produced by the Central Meteorological Observatory

Broadcast on CCTV

▲ The newscaster is broadcasting the national weather.

▲ "Weather Forecast" behind-the-scenes production

October 1989

Renamed "National Meteorological Center"

January 1991

The first generation medium-range numerical forecast operational system T42L9 has been successfully developed.

In 1993,

The giant computer Galaxy is used in the Central Meteorological Observatory.

▲ Galaxy 2 mainframe

September 1996

Establishment of decision-making meteorological service center of China Meteorological Bureau.

Attached to the National Meteorological Center

November 1996

The Central Meteorological Observatory was officially recognized by the World Meteorological Organization as

Beijing Regional Environmental Emergency Response Center

In 1997

MICAPS1.0, the first generation meteorological information processing system, was put into use.

On June 1st, 1997, the third generation medium-range numerical weather forecast system T106 was established.

In 1998

Extraordinary floods occurred in the Yangtze River, Nenjiang River and Songhua River basins.

The forecast service of the Central Meteorological Observatory played an important role at the critical moment.

Busy Central Meteorological Observatory in 1998

Century Span 2001-2011

In 2002

Establishment of Remote Sensing Application and Agricultural Meteorological Room

Organic combination of agrometeorological service and weather forecast service

In 2004

Set up an open laboratory for forecasting system

Strengthen the development of various weather forecast service platforms with MICAPS as the core.

In 2006

Regional mesoscale numerical forecast system

(GRAPES-MESO) put into operation

In 2007

The typhoon and marine meteorological forecast center of China Meteorological Bureau was established.

Typhoon and marine meteorological services developed rapidly.

▲ The new look after the transformation of the Central Meteorological Observatory in 2007

the year of 2008

The Central Meteorological Observatory guarantees the torch relay of Mount Everest and the Beijing Olympic Games.

▲ Everest Meteorological Support Service Team

In 2009

Establish a strong weather forecasting center

Strong convective weather forecast is developing towards specialization and refinement.

2010 years

The Central Meteorological Observatory began to release heavy rain,

Early warning of 14 kinds of meteorological disasters such as typhoon

April 2010

The numerical forecast center of China Meteorological Bureau is affiliated to the National Meteorological Center.

Quickly improve China’s numerical forecasting business ability

▲ Seminar on GRAPES Mode System Development of China Meteorological Bureau.

Innovation and development since 2012

In 2014

The Central Meteorological Observatory launched the research and development of intelligent grid forecasting products.

In 2014

Establishment of Environmental Meteorological Center of China Meteorological Bureau.

Strengthen the forecast and early warning of fog and haze.

the year of 2016

MICAPS4.0, the fourth generation meteorological information processing system, has been put into operation.

June 2016

Self-developed global numerical forecasting system

GRAPES-GFS2.0 operational operation

Products are sent to national meteorological stations.

May 2017

China Meteorological Bureau was represented by the Central Meteorological Observatory and its brothers.

Officially recognized by the World Meteorological Organization as

"World Meteorological Center (Beijing)"

the year of 2018

Provide meteorological service guarantee for Qingdao Summit.

June 2018

GRAPES global four-dimensional variational assimilation system independently developed,

The global ensemble forecast system is put into operational operation,

It marks the establishment of a complete GRAPES numerical forecasting system in China.

September 2018

Central Meteorological Observatory and Meteorological Department of Hong Kong and Macao

The first joint meeting to capture the wind king "Mangosteen"

December 2018

Set up a weather forecasting technology research and development room

Promote the development of research-oriented business

2019

Successfully guaranteed the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the founding of New China.

2019

GRAPES_MESO national 3 km numerical forecast system put into operation

2019

Accurate forecast of super typhoon "Lichima"

In 2019, the newly renovated consultation hall of the Central Meteorological Observatory.

the year of 2020

The meteorological service information of China Belt and Road Network was officially launched.

70 years of wind and thunder

70 years of hard work

Central Meteorological Observatory (in China)

Constantly pursuing Excellence

Over and over again

Major natural disaster forecasting service has withstood the test.

Welcome everyone to

"I am in xx, I wish the Central Meteorological Observatory a happy 70th birthday."

or

I’m xx, and I wish the Central Meteorological Observatory a happy 70th birthday.

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Recommend reading

Produced by China Meteorological News Agency

Original title: "Happy 70th birthday! Central Meteorological Observatory: Watching the Republic’s Cold Coming and Summer Going

　　Core reading

　　Formulating correct strategic strategies is a valuable experience for our party to move from victory to victory. On the new journey, we must adhere to strategic thinking, be good at looking at and thinking about problems strategically, look at the overall situation and seek a domain, grasp the situation and seek great things, and combine strategic firmness with strategic flexibility to better promote career development.

　　The strategic issue is the fundamental issue of a political party and a country. With accurate strategic judgment, scientific strategic planning and strategic initiative, the cause of the party and the people will be promising. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "We are a big party, leading a big country, carrying out great undertakings, being good at strategic thinking, and being good at looking at and thinking about problems strategically." The Communist Party of China (CPC) has always attached great importance to strategic issues. Over the past century, our party has grasped the main contradictions and central tasks in different periods and formulated correct strategic strategies, thus overcoming numerous risk challenges and constantly moving from victory to victory. On the new journey, the party must always be in an invincible position, stand at the forefront of the times, closely follow the new historical characteristics, scientifically plan the overall situation, firmly grasp the strategic initiative, and unswervingly achieve strategic goals.

　　The Communist Party of China (CPC) attaches great importance to strategic issues.

　　Over the past century, one of the important reasons why our party has been able to advance with unity of thought, unity of pace and unity, and to achieve great victories and brilliant achievements in revolution, construction and reform, and to write the most magnificent epic in the history of the Chinese nation for thousands of years, is that our party adheres to the guidance of Marxism, is far-sighted and insightful, and not only solves practical problems, but also solves strategic problems, accurately judges and grasps the situation, and formulates realistic goals and tasks.

　　During the new democratic revolution, our party creatively put forward and implemented a series of correct policies and strategies. Our party deeply analyzed the social form and class situation in China, made clear the nature, object, task and motive force of the China revolution, put forward a two-step strategy of going to socialism through the new-democratic revolution, formulated the general line of the new-democratic revolution, opened up the revolutionary road of encircling cities with rural areas and finally winning national victory, timely solved the extremely complicated problems in the process of the China revolution, and guided the revolutionary ship of China to ride the wind and waves.

　　During the period of socialist revolution and construction, our party found the correct way to carry out socialist revolution and construction in China. After the founding of New China, the first generation of the central collective leadership of the Party with Comrade Mao Zedong at the core led the people, put forward the general line for the transitional period on the basis of quickly healing the wounds of war and restoring the national economy, creatively completed the transformation from the new democratic revolution to the socialist revolution, and made China, a big eastern country with a quarter of the world’s population, enter the socialist society. After the establishment of the basic socialist system, the strategic thought of building China into a powerful socialist country was formed. Our party adheres to an independent foreign policy of peace, advocates and adheres to the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, and puts forward the strategy of dividing three worlds. Through a series of correct strategic strategies, socialist China has become a big country with important influence in the world.

　　In the new era of reform, opening up and socialist modernization, our party made a historic decision to shift the work center of the party and the state to economic construction and implement reform and opening up, and formulated a strategy of basically realizing socialist modernization in three steps by the middle of the 21st century. Scientifically judging the characteristics of the times and the international situation, putting forward that peace and development are the themes of today’s times, and adjusting various policies in time have created rare historical opportunities and a good external environment for reform, opening up and socialist modernization.

　　Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. The CPC Central Committee with the Supreme Leader as the core has made overall plans for the great rejuvenation strategy of the Chinese nation and the great changes that have never happened in the world in a century. It is clear that it is necessary to adhere to the party’s basic theory, line and general plan, take overall care of great struggles, great projects, great undertakings and great dreams, and put forward to strengthen "four consciousnesses", strengthen "four self-confidences" and achieve "two maintenance", and put forward to make overall plans to promote the "five in one".

　　Our party is a big party, leading a big country and carrying out great undertakings. We should look at and think about problems more consciously from a strategic perspective, think about and grasp a series of major strategic issues facing the country’s development with a broader vision and a longer-term perspective, formulate the major policies, development strategies and policies of the party and the country with a firmer stand and a more scientific method, win the historical initiative in grasping the strategic initiative and realize historical changes in strategic planning.

　　Strategic thinking is the way of thinking that the Communist Party of China (CPC) people should establish.

　　Behind the scientific strategic drawing is superb strategic thinking. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that strategic thinking "is always the way of thinking that the Communist Party of China (CPC) people should establish". Adhering to strategic thinking and being good at looking at and thinking about problems strategically means grasping the overall trend and direction of things and making judgments and decisions from the overall situation, long-term and general trend.

　　Only by taking the overall situation into consideration can we correctly handle the relations in all aspects and stages. It is an important aspect of strategic thinking to proceed from the overall situation and achieve the best overall and long-term results. Comrade Mao Zedong pointed out in "Strategic Issues in China Revolutionary War": "Strategic issues are things that study the laws of the overall situation of the war", and this is the truth. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that it is necessary to establish a sense of the overall situation, be good at looking at problems from the overall situation, look at the world, look at the future, look at the present and look at all aspects; We should be good at observing the general trend, seeking great things, and grasping the initiative in work; It is necessary to strengthen strategic thinking, enhance strategic determination, and achieve "let the wind and waves rise and sit on the fishing boat steadily." The key to the overall situation is to judge right and wrong and evaluate gains and losses from the overall situation, and not to put the cart before the horse and lose big because of small. For those things that are feasible from a local perspective, but not feasible from the overall situation, we must never do it; For those things that are not feasible from the local point of view, but feasible or even necessary from the overall situation, we must do it without hesitation. Always regard the overall situation as the starting point and the foothold of observing and handling problems, pursue the overall interests, and earnestly put the work of the region and the department into the international and domestic background and the overall work of the whole party and the whole country to think, study and grasp.

　　If you have a long-term mind, you will maintain your strength and stick to your principles when you do things. It is necessary to unify the present and the future, and focus on the future to seek the present. Handle the relationship between short-term goals and long-term goals, base on the present and focus on the long-term, not only insist on a protracted war strategically, but also fight a good battle of annihilation tactically. Strategically, we should persist in striving for progress in stability, do a good job in top-level design, grasp the rhythm and strength, and make contributions for a long time. Tactically, we should do practical things, pay attention to practical results, step by step, and fight one battle after another. Be good at thinking about the current problems in the process of development and positioning them in the long river of history, so that you can lift your weight easily and easily. Although some things are not effective at present, they can lay the foundation for the long term, so we must work hard to do them, but we must never do things like killing the goose that lays the golden eggs, fishing with exhausted resources, and quenching thirst by drinking poison.

　　Grasp the general trend to seize the opportunity. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "Be good at observing the general trend and seeking great things, and think and study problems from the perspective of the two overall situations at home and abroad, the overall situation of the work of the party and the state, and the overall situation of comprehensively deepening reform." The general trend reflects historical inevitability. To grasp the general trend, we must be good at grasping the essence of things and the inherent law of development through complicated phenomena, and take precautions before they happen. It is necessary to unify seeking affairs with seeking potential, and seek great things based on the general trend. "when you take advantage of the situation, you can’t lose it." The situation is changing, the tasks are changing, and the work requirements are also changing. We must accurately recognize changes, respond scientifically, and take the initiative to change. Strengthen strategic planning, keep the overall situation in mind, grasp the general trend, focus on major events, make plans according to the situation, move according to the situation, and act according to the situation. They are good at accumulating the situation and gaining momentum, and they are also good at changing and adapting to changes, grasping the main aspects of major contradictions and contradictions, prioritizing, scientifically arranging troops, and firmly grasping the initiative in struggle.

　　Combine the firmness of strategy with the flexibility of strategy.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed: "The correct strategy needs the correct strategy to implement." Strategy leads strategy, which serves strategy under the guidance of strategy; Strategy to achieve strategy, the correct strategy needs the correct strategy to implement. To correctly handle the dialectical unity between strategy and strategy, we must organically combine the firmness of strategy with the flexibility of strategy.

　　Firm strategy is the foundation of success. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "In today’s world, opportunities and challenges coexist. The situation is changing, and what is most needed is strategic strength. " Once the strategic objectives, strategic compliance, strategic layout, strategic steps, etc. are established, we cannot waver and hesitate. To achieve great goals, make strategic choices, and make major decisions, we must have the enterprising spirit of "not being a hero until we reach the Great Wall" and the strategic determination of "flying around in chaos and staying calm". At present, the realization of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation has entered an irreversible historical process. We are closer, more confident and able to achieve the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history. However, this goal can never be achieved easily with gongs and drums, nor can it be achieved overnight in a Ma Pingchuan. There are still various predictable and unpredictable risks and challenges on the road ahead. This requires us to maintain our strategic strength in the face of the complicated and ever-changing international situation and the arduous and arduous domestic reform, development and stability tasks, and persist in doing what we think is right in the right way, so as not to be blinded by flowers and clouds. History and reality fully show that the cause of the party and the people will be in an invincible position if we always maintain strategic determination, strategic self-confidence and strategic patience, make accurate strategic judgments, plan scientifically and win the initiative.

　　Policies and strategies should be realistic and effective. The specific policies and strategies formulated under the strategic guidance should be targeted and tailored to local conditions. "De" has changed, so has the direction and intensity of "Ya". Ask firewood in the mountains, ask fish in the water, and sing whatever songs you go to. Only by continuously enhancing the flexibility, coordination and matching of policy measures can the maximum policy effect be achieved. Policies and strategies should avoid simplification, persist in seeking truth from facts and proceed from reality. It not only insists on taking the overall situation and commanding the strategy with strategy, but also formulates supporting strategies closely around the strategic objectives, so that the strategies can closely connect with and strongly support the strategy; Not only focus on solving major problems to enhance the scientific and long-term guidance of strategic design, but also adjust the strategy in time according to the situation to ensure the effectiveness of the strategy; It not only focuses on formulating strategic vision and strategic planning in the long run, but also focuses on solving various contradictions faced by reform, development and stability, and enhances the pertinence, pragmatism and operability of strategic arrangements.

　　Firm but not rigid, flexible and principled. The firmness of strategy does not mean the rigidity of strategy. With the change of the overall economic and social situation and the evolution of the general trend of the times, timely strategic adjustment is the proper meaning of ensuring the scientific and effective strategy. Similarly, the flexibility of the strategy does not mean that the strategy is unstable. Stand high and do things realistically. We should not only focus on the direction, grasp the major events and seek the long-term, but also grasp the starting point and focus of the work. It is necessary to calculate both the general ledger of large accounts and the detailed accounts of small accounts. Be good at using reform thinking and methods, and make overall consideration of short-term response and medium-and long-term development. We should not only strategically lay out the situation, but also make good decisions at key points. Consciously align with the party’s theory, line, principles and policies, calibrate deviations in time, implement the strategic decisions made by the Party Central Committee to the letter, implement the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee in a down-to-earth manner, seize the opportunity, make a difference, constantly promote the development of the party and the country, and create new brilliant achievements.

　　(The author is a professor at the Central Party School (National School of Administration))

Recently, the State Council announced the fifth batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects. On the 10th, the State Council conducted a policy interpretation on this.

A total of 325 projects were announced in the State Council this time, involving 465 declared regions or units. Among them, there are 185 items in the fifth batch of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects, which expand 140 items in the first four batches of national intangible cultural heritage representative projects.

Wang Xiaofeng, a member of the Party Committee of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, said that the selection and evaluation of the fifth batch of national intangible cultural heritage projects focused on the intangible cultural heritage projects of ethnic minorities, attached importance to the protection of endangered projects, and actively served the national strategy, taking into account regional coordinated development.

According to reports, a number of intangible items of ethnic minorities, such as Manchu New Town Opera, Mongolian Leather Art, Tibetan Chess, Uygur Hockey, Yi Traditional Architecture Building Skills, Zhuang Tianqin Art, Buyi Wushu, Yao Zhuzhu Festival, and Korean Hundred Festivals, are included in the list. These include tatar people’s traditional pastry making skills, Hezhe people’s wedding ceremony, Dulong folk songs, Menba Sama folk songs and other projects of ethnic minorities with less population.

18 projects recommended by 14 prefecture-level cities (including municipalities directly under the Central Government and counties) without national intangible heritage projects have been listed in the list, such as Taiping Drum in western Liaoning Province in Huludao City, Liaoning Province, Antelope Qianbian in zhongwei City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, painting of ancient buildings in Zhongwei and making techniques of wormwood noodles in Zhongning, and wood carving in Fengjie District, Chongqing.

103 projects in 96 former state-level poverty-stricken counties, such as Tushiyetu embroidery and Songtao Miao Xiu, were included in the list, and a number of intangible items such as Shaxian snacks and Liuzhou snail powder that served the people’s livelihood and benefited the people were also included in the list.

In addition, five items declared by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, such as Hong Kong Chinese gown making skills, Hong Kong Tianhou Birthday, Macao Special Administrative Region’s native dialect drama, native Portuguese cuisine cooking skills and Macao land customs, are all included in the list. Huanren Pankang Skill, Ninghe Opera, Xiaerbagong and other important projects that need urgent protection are also included in the list.

Up to now, there are 1,557 national intangible cultural heritage projects in China, including 167 folk literature, 189 traditional music, 144 traditional dance, 171 traditional drama, 145 folk art, 109 traditional sports, entertainment and acrobatics, 139 traditional art, 287 traditional skills, 23 traditional medicine and 183 folk customs. (Reporter Han Yeting)