分类归档 anmo

Special feature of 1905 film network From stage plays to movies, the label Mahua FunAge has become the first choice for many audiences’ comedies, and the representative figure among them has now been upgraded to "box office koi fish", and all films in which he plays can get quite good box office results. In addition to Shen Teng, other actors who came out of Mahua FunAge also began to emerge. They are called "Twist" actors, and recent and upcoming films are all performed by "Twist" actors.

Comedy is a very challenging type. Whether it is the creation of comedy atmosphere, the polishing of punchline and proper limit’s handling, it takes a lot of effort. Shen Teng has a profound skill in this respect. He is the flag bearer of Mahua FunAge and a well-deserved synonym for the "Twist" actor. At present, the other representatives of the "Twist School" are "Wei Chang Ai Cai", who are four people. At present, they have not yet become the Mesozoic standard-bearers of domestic comedies. Why is it difficult for "Twist" actors to take over Shen Teng?

From the strength point of view, Wei Xiang, Chang Yuan, Allen and Huang Cailun are all actors with eighteen kinds of martial arts. They can control stage plays, movies and sketches, and there is no problem in their strength, but their current performance is still difficult to satisfy the audience. Tan Fei, a film critic, said: "There are various reasons, some are luck, some are works, and some are unclear in style." The specific situation of several actors should be treated separately.

The first is Wei Xiang, who starred in a more important comedy film "The Killer is Not Too Cold" in the Spring Festival file. In previous works, he always showed people with his ugly little image, usually as a supporting role. Wei Xiang’s performance is very grounded, with the texture of life, but if he wants to play the leading role, his performance needs to be more penetrating and have his own style. Before he can prove his resume, the audience will be worried and unconvinced about his performance.

Chang Yuan has been learning crosstalk since he was a child, and he has a certain skill in Quyi. However, it is actually difficult for a crosstalk performer to transform into a comedy film actor, because crosstalk performances are usually performed in one place, and film performances need to be integrated into the scene. The training of cross talk performance brings a sense of orderliness to Chang Yuan’s performance, which is more obvious in Warm Hug. After Mahua FunAge’s training, Chang Yuan has made some progress in this respect, and its relaxation can be seen in Li Mao’s performance as a prince. From Chang Yuan, we can see more possibilities and greater explosive power.

Allen usually appears on the screen as a simple and honest man. In popular words, he mostly plays "Iron Handy", such as Da Chun in the movie. His gender exchange in the film is eye-catching, which is one of his few self-challenges. After that, most of the films he starred in returned to the image of honest people he is good at and returned to the comfort zone. The image of an honest man is usually difficult to create more, and his performance is still in a changing process from blunt to completely relaxed. More audiences still hope that he can "upgrade" and make different attempts.

Huang Cailun’s performance in the stage play was excellent, and his performance was also impressive in the previous stage. However, there is a certain difference between stage play and film. After Huang Cailun came to the big screen, he still had the habit of stage play performance, which was too exaggerated compared with the film performance, making it difficult for the audience to enter the play. In addition, Huang Cailun took on too many plays and lacked certain screening, so the quality of the films performed was not good, which left a certain negative impression on the audience.

The current coffee spot of Wei Chang Ai Cai is not enough to obtain better resources. There are opportunities and their own reasons. Compared with other twist actors, Shen Teng has several important advantages. First, in terms of performance skills, Shen Teng is quite confident and exudes a sense of relaxation at any time and place; In terms of creativity, Shen Teng has been challenging himself. In the trailer that has not yet been released, we can also see a different Shen Teng; Most importantly, Shen Teng has a strong empathy ability. He can fully understand the joys and sorrows of the role, which is a rare talent for any actor.

Comedian is a very challenging profession. Only by performing naturally from the inside out can the audience in front of the screen smile. Comedians need to understand and love life very much, and the road to improvement is quite long. How many books they have read, how many roads they have traveled and how many people they know will be transformed into nutrients for comedy performances and add to the charm of comedians. I hope that in the big screen in the future, we can see more independent "Twist" actors.

　　King Abdullah II of Jordan said during his visit to Germany on October 17th that Jordan and Egypt would not accept Palestinian refugees from Gaza. Egyptian President Seyce also said a few days ago that Egypt does not agree to transfer Palestinian refugees to Sinai Peninsula.

　　At a news conference with visiting German Chancellor Angela Scholz, Sethi said that the Israeli action of cutting off electricity and water in the Gaza is "a means to forcibly transfer Palestinians to Sinai Peninsula", which Egypt firmly opposes. Sethi stressed that all parties should make every effort to advance the Palestinian-Israeli peace process and come up with a "feasible" solution.

　　King Abdullah II of Jordan also stressed earlier that the conflict between Hamas and Israel must not be borne by others, and it is necessary to find a political prospect that can bring Palestinians and Israelis together and enable Arabs and Israelis to work together, otherwise the cycle of violence will continue.

　　Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO), posted a warning on the social platform "X" (formerly Twitter) on October 18th that the situation in Gaza is "out of control" and WHO supplies have been stranded in the border area for four days. Tan Desai called on all parties to immediately stop the violence and allow relief supplies to enter Gaza.

　　At present, Rafah Port, which is located at the junction of the southern Gaza Strip and the Egyptian Sinai Peninsula, has not been opened, and it is also the only land passage in the Gaza Strip that is not controlled by Israel. Egyptian sources and witnesses revealed on October 17th that hundreds of trucks loaded with medical supplies, food, blankets and other humanitarian aid materials are waiting in line at the Egyptian side of Rafah Port in Gaza.

　　Generally speaking, Swiss people will wait patiently if they need to wait in line to buy things or do things. The people in front ask endless questions and dally, and the people in the queue behind are used to it. Everyone slowly comes one by one. For example, at the front desk of a hotel, the person behind the queue can’t think that the front desk staff is slow, because he must first meet all the requirements of the guest in front of him. When someone cuts in line or asks the person in front to hurry up, the hotel service staff may be unhappy and even criticize you and refuse your request. There is another difference. In hotels in China, service personnel always ask their superiors for instructions when making decisions, but not here, especially the front desk staff, who have great autonomy, so they are confident, sometimes a little arrogant and even self-righteous.

　　Bao Ximeng, who is in charge of the China market in the Swiss National Tourism Administration and has lived in China for eight years and speaks fluent Beijing dialect, said that the difference between the Swiss service staff and the service staff in China is that he will tell the guests bluntly if he has any dissatisfaction, including his dissatisfaction with the guests. His psychology is that I am in charge here! The status of service personnel in Switzerland may be different from that in China. They will never consider themselves inferior, bow and scrape, and feel inferior. So, if the consumer doesn’t respect him, he will fight you back! Instead of "the customer is always right" (or at least verbally), as the service staff in some countries do, I have nothing to do with myself.

　　Of course, there is another reason. Because of the high labor cost, most of the tourist service agencies in Switzerland have limited manpower, and the ratio of service personnel to guests cannot be exactly the same as that in other countries.

　　A general manager of a Swiss Chinese travel agency who has received many tourists from China also mentioned that China tourists call the waiter to come and serve as soon as they sit down in a Swiss restaurant. This is "different" in Switzerland, where guests are usually waiting for the waiter to come over and ask for various requirements. This may not be right or wrong, but without understanding this background, contradictions and even conflicts will easily occur. Also, China tourists generally speak louder, which has been criticized. Frankly speaking, this is mainly due to our strong spirit of self-criticism. Bao Simon said, in fact, this is not a big problem. He said, I have my own Mrs. China, and I have become louder. In addition, some Europeans speak louder, such as the Dutch.

　　Perhaps these misunderstandings and estrangements caused by China tourists’ inadaptability and unaccustomed in Switzerland are the so-called "cultural differences". However, if we look beyond this "cultural difference" and look at these trivial "contradictions and conflicts" that are often encountered in travel life, perhaps we should also mention another concept, which might as well be called "education".

　　For example, an "educated" person in a restaurant accustomed to "guests greet waiters", waiting for the waiters to take the initiative to serve, then he may really wait for a long time. Similarly, a guest who thinks this is just a "cultural difference" and uses it as an excuse to yell at the waiter in a restaurant will only be considered uneducated. In fact, the "when in Rome, do as the Romans do" summarized by our ancestors is really "educated". If you don’t know what to do,-then you can quietly see what others do! Don’t shout until you understand it. This is "education".

　　Ms Paula, general manager of Lekrone Hotel, a high-class hotel in Valais, said with tolerance and grace that China tourists’ learning and adaptability should be encouraged. She said that when China guests came to her hotel to stay and eat, they used to have to eat Chinese food, but now they are gradually accepting western food. But it is generally hoped that all the dishes, such as the first dish and the main course, will be served together, and the speed will be fast. "But they are also observing, quietly watching what others do, and then following suit."

　　Mr. Remo, who is in charge of marketing and sales in Interlaken Tourism Bureau, the most visited Swiss city in Chinese, said that China market is the largest international tourist market in this famous tourist city at the foot of Girl Peak. In order to meet the needs of these guests, they consider the needs of China tourists in every aspect of tourist reception, such as hotel facilities, restaurants’ catering and Chinese menus, Chinese shopping guides at shopping spots and so on. And the various tourism products they have launched are also trying to meet the needs of this market from all angles. But even so, there are still some problems that can’t satisfy China tourists. For example, unlike its neighboring countries, Switzerland uses the euro, but here it uses the Swiss franc. This may cause a lot of inconvenience to tourists who travel in many countries in Europe. Mr. Steven, who is responsible for the sales of Swiss-largest infant milk powder "Yarui Milk Powder" in European duty-free shops, is trying to conduct an all-round investigation on the needs of China tourists, hoping to meet their needs as much as possible and avoid misunderstanding due to ignorance.

　　Of course, from another perspective, "cultural differences" should not be an ostentatious excuse to ignore or attach importance to "education", a shield to muddy the water or a fig leaf of ostrich policy, and vice versa. The concept of "customer is God" should have been deeply rooted in people’s hearts long ago, and it should be acceptable regardless of whether it is educated or not, no matter how different cultures are. If his "education" conflicts with this concept, it doesn’t matter. Market, sales, supply and demand, cost performance and so on will definitely teach him in the end.

　　Bao Simon said that no country’s government has educated its citizens to travel so seriously and earnestly. Can you imagine the French government asking French tourists not to travel abroad in this way or that way? According to the tradition of the French people, they will definitely oppose the government: I will do what you don’t want to do! Bao Simon said that it is rare for China tourists to spit everywhere now. This is of course related to the continuing education of the China government. Bao Simon also said that from another angle, isn’t it cultural differences that tourists are looking for when they travel abroad? No difference, no attraction. It is normal and good to have differences.

　　That is to say, we should experience, understand, respect and finally tolerate "cultured", consciously and actively, instead of always trying to change "differences". That’s a summary, right? (He Nong)

　　On the evening of July 2, local time, US Secret Service officials found unknown white powder in the work area of the West Wing of the White House, which led to the short-term closure of the White House. Law enforcement agencies in the United States said that preliminary field tests on the powder found in the White House showed that cocaine was positive. After that, the White House reopened soon and the powder was sent away for further testing.

　　According to Washington Post’s report on July 3rd and 4th, after testing the unknown powder found in the West Wing of the White House, a fireman of the Hazardous Materials Group in Washington, D.C. broadcasted the test results by radio, saying that the identification results showed that the powder was cocaine.

　　美国缉毒局表示，本名为苯甲酰芽子碱甲酯的可卡因，是美国《管制物质法》(The Controlled Substance Act) 中的二类药物，它是一种强烈的兴奋剂，且具有很高强度的成瘾潜力。

　　发现粉末的白宫西翼工作区域与美国总统拜登居住的行政官邸相连。 每日，数百人在西翼出入工作。区域内设有椭圆形办公室、新闻区、总统工作人员办公室等工作场所。

　　特勤局发言人安东尼·古列尔米（Anthony Guglielmi）称，他们正在“调查该物质进入白宫的原因和方式”。他说，华盛顿消防部门十分确定，此物质如不吸食，不会产生致命危险，也不会构成威胁。

　　另据《卫报》7月4日报道，此次并非毒品第一次进入白宫。历史上有许多歌手、演员也私自携带违禁物品进入白宫。

　　据半岛电视台7月4日报道，事件发生期间，拜登 (Joe Biden) 以及家人并不在场。拜登和家人于6月30日前往位于美国马里兰州总统休假地的戴维营度假。同一周末，拜登向全国教师工会发表讲话，并准备烧烤活动以纪念美国独立日。

　　报道称，拜登已于7月4日回到白宫。

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, March 22ndTitle: Maternity subsidies are introduced in many places, and comprehensive measures need to be supported.

　　Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporters Zhou Wentao and Lin Bifeng

　　Recently, many places have accelerated the establishment of an active birth support policy system, and have come up with "real money and silver" in fertility, parenting and education to encourage fertility. "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporter combed and found that the newly introduced fertility support policies in various places focused on reducing the cost of childcare, showing new features such as strong subsidies and wide coverage.

　　Xinhua News Agency issued Xu Junzuo

　　Multi-field subsidies reduce the cost of childbirth and parenting

　　In the previous policy of encouraging birth, extending maternity leave was the "unified action" with the highest appearance rate. In the recent round of encouraging birth policy, many places have given out "real money and silver" subsidies to reduce the cost of childbirth and parenting.

　　Since 2021, some small and medium-sized cities have begun to explore maternity subsidies for families with two children and three children. Recently, many places have joined the ranks of issuing maternity subsidies, and the number of cities has increased and the level has improved, most of which are concentrated in provincial capitals. Yunnan Province is the only province in China that uniformly issues maternity subsidies throughout the province. The subsidy rules of Shenzhen, Wenzhou and other cities have recently been publicly solicited for comments.

　　In terms of the scope of subsidies, most cities such as Harbin and Jinan are concentrated in families with two children and three children, and some cities extend the subsidies to families with one child. For example, Shenzhen and Wenzhou all include families with one child in their comments. Some cities make regulations on the household registration of newborn children. For example, Hangzhou clarifies that the household registration of newborn children in Hangzhou can be applied for. Yunnan Province has stipulated the time limit for subsidies, and it is clear that the one-time maternity allowance and childcare allowance will be issued from January 1, 2023 to December 31, 2025.

　　In terms of the amount of subsidies, most localities show the characteristics of progressive increase in subsidies for one child, two children and three children. Eligible families in different cities can receive subsidies of several thousand yuan to ten thousand yuan. For two-child families, 500 yuan child-rearing allowance is paid to each child in Harbin every month, and the standard for three-child families is 1000 yuan every month.

　　It is worth noting that many provinces are also making concerted efforts in the fields of medical care and housing security to reduce the cost of childbirth and parenting for parenting families.

　　In terms of medical care, Jiangxi Province promotes the inclusion of reproductive medical services in medical insurance payment; Jinan stipulates that for two children and three children born after January 1 this year, if they participate in the basic medical insurance for Jinan residents within six months from the date of birth, the annual individual contributions will be fully subsidized by the finance in the year of enrollment registration.

　　In terms of housing, Jiuquan City, Gansu Province has given preferential housing purchase to families with many children since March 9 this year, and given a one-time housing purchase subsidy of 50,000 yuan to families with two children who meet the policy; A three-child family will be given a one-time housing subsidy of 100,000 yuan. If Changsha City stipulates that it meets the conditions for determining the policy of purchasing houses for families with two or more children, one set of purchase indicators can be added on the basis of the original family purchase restriction of two sets.

　　In some places, various forms of distribution have been started.

　　The reporter noted that childcare subsidies are distributed in various forms. Some of them are paid in one lump sum. For example, Hangzhou plans to give a one-time subsidy of 5,000 yuan to eligible two-child families and 20,000 yuan to three-child families. Some are paid on a monthly basis, and the payment period in Harbin and Jinan is before the children are 3 years old.

　　According to the introduction of the Hangzhou Municipal Health and Health Commission, according to the calculation of the birth rate in 2022, the total amount of child-rearing allowance is expected to be around 140 million yuan, covering 25,000 families. Parenting allowance in Hangzhou will be distributed digitally.

　　The reporter noted that some local subsidies have been issued. In July, 2021, Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province took the lead in introducing a policy in the country, granting 500 yuan child-rearing allowance to Panzhihua registered families who gave birth to two or three children every month until their children were three years old. Parenting allowance is paid once a year, and it is paid to the social security card of the enjoyment object before the first quarter of the following year. According to the introduction of Panzhihua Municipal Government, in 2021, the local government paid 950,000 yuan of child-rearing subsidies to 650 eligible newborns. In 2022, there were more than 2,000 families enjoying child-care subsidies, and the child-care subsidies were about 10 million yuan.

　　In Yunnan, recently, many communities began to issue registration notices for granting maternity subsidies, clarifying that the two-child and three-child accounts receiving maternity subsidies must be in Yunnan, and both husband and wife have registered their marriages according to law, and they can declare to the (village) community if they meet the conditions. After receiving the application, the community will report it to the public according to the process, and the amount of subsidies will be uniformly distributed.

　　"When handling, you only need to provide the household registration book, ID card, marriage certificate, social security card and child’s birth certificate of both husband and wife, and fill out an application form on the spot." Yang Yongdong, a 35-year-old resident of Daping Community, Xiaozhai Town, Ludian County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, said, "There is a certain economic pressure to raise two children. It is indeed a help to have a monthly childcare allowance."

　　Li Lingying, director of the Tengyue Street Population and Family Planning Service Center in Tengchong City, said that every day, people call for advice, and everyone has a high willingness to apply. It is expected that the first batch of subsidy funds will be distributed in April this year.

　　In order to support families with three children to solve the housing difficulties, Jiangxi Province stipulates that they can be tilted in terms of apartment selection according to the number of minor children. As of April last year, Jiangxi had guaranteed 7,927 families with three children through public rental housing, of which 6,813 were allocated in kind and 1,114 were granted rental subsidies.

　　It is understood that Jinan’s latest medical insurance payment policy involving two-child and three-child families has been implemented, and it can be handled at home if it meets the conditions.

　　Supporting fertility requires supporting efforts.

　　The people interviewed generally said that the pressure of childbirth, parenting and education affects the birth rate of two children and three children. It is expected that the accessibility and sensitivity of the policy will be continuously improved, and the fertility confidence will be enhanced by further reducing the corresponding burden.

　　The interviewed experts pointed out that after the birth support policies in many places were accelerated, it was suggested to further refine the existing policies and measures and improve the convergence of supporting policies. Zhao Shaoxia, deputy director of Tengchong Health Bureau of Yunnan Province, said that the implementation of the birth support policy is still in its infancy at this stage, and it is necessary to strengthen departmental linkage in order to accelerate the construction of a birth-friendly environment and promote the implementation of relevant decision-making arrangements.

　　Guo Xiaojing, a researcher at Shanghai Institute of Finance and Law, pointed out that in addition to the one-time maternity allowance, a series of institutional arrangements are needed to support and support the childbearing families, such as the improvement of the child care system, the optimization of maternity leave policies, the popularization of barrier-free facilities and maternal and child rooms, and the cultivation and standardization of scarce human resources such as Yueyue and parenting sister-in-law.

　　The reporter noted that some supporting measures in various places are being explored. For children of families with two or three children born according to the policy, Jinan City coordinates and supports children of different ages in the same family who meet the admission requirements to enter the same school district, and encourages giving priority to ensuring that three children enter inclusive kindergartens. Wu Changwen, director of the Population and Family Division of Chongqing Municipal Health and Health Commission, said that this year, Chongqing will continue to expand the service supply, support social forces to develop nursery services, and ensure the goal of reaching 2.5 places per thousand people.

　　A number of interviewed experts said that the introduction of fertility support policies needs to be combined with local conditions, comprehensively consider local development stages, population structure, financial resources and other factors, deeply analyze and judge the rationality and feasibility of various policies, and ensure the continuity and sustainability of policies.

　　Skin is the first natural barrier of human body and the most important business card. Due to the influence of traditional ideas, the "face" project has always been regarded as a woman’s patent, and men even disdain it. However, with the change of social concept, more and more men have joined the ranks of beauty, so how should men who love beauty properly care for their skin?

　　Wash your face correctly

　　Don’t expect that cold water in your hand can do anything. It is estimated that it can only make you wake up from a deep sleep. Men’s skin is rich in oil secretion, plus dead skin, keratin, and pollutants in the air. If you don’t clean your skin carefully, you can’t do it.

　　Toner

　　Without proper conditioning, cleansing will only stimulate more oil, because the skin is not protected by oil after cleansing, and water is more likely to evaporate into the air, thus stimulating the skin to secrete a lot of oil to preserve water. Therefore, taking toner after cleansing can instantly converge sebum secretion, narrow pores and balance skin pH; If you often get acne, you can use toner containing bactericidal or oil-absorbing powder to strengthen the effect of controlling and killing oil.

　　Insist on shaving

　　Beard is easy to be attached with pointed moxa and germs. Frequent shaving can keep the skin clean and help to keep youthful appearance. After shaving, the skin will become rough and there may be invisible small wounds. At this time, it is necessary to use a special aftershave honey nutrition for men. Its special ingredients can soothe the facial skin and make the pores shrink naturally.

　　Men also need moisturizing and sun protection.

　　Don’t think that it is enough for a man to wash his face with a handful of clean water and a towel, and don’t think that cleaning and aftershave care can exempt him from other basic nursing procedures. The most basic hydration and moisturizing still need to be done, and we should start from the basics.

　　Many men think that oily skin does not need lotion, especially in greasy summer, so as not to "add oil to the oil", but it is not. The moisture evaporation of men’s skin is higher, about 1/4 more than that of women. About 54% of men’s skin is mixed skin, so it is prone to problems such as dryness and large pores. Applying lotion can form a protective film to prevent water loss, replenish deep moisture and nutrients, prevent skin from sagging and wrinkles, improve dull complexion, and enhance skin’s resistance to sunlight and dust.

　　Eat good skin

　　Men with coarse pores, oily skin and acne should avoid eating greasy and fried food, and stay away from spicy food. Eating more antioxidant foods can increase the firmness and elasticity of the skin, such as green pepper, cauliflower, tomato, papaya, orange, kiwi fruit, lemon, grapefruit, wheat germ, vegetable oil and various nuts.

Abstract: Promoting the deep integration of science and technology and economy is the only way to develop new-quality productive forces and promote high-quality development. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, substantial breakthroughs have been made in the reform of China’s science and technology system, and remarkable progress has been made in the integration of science and technology and economy. But at the same time, the degree of integration between science and technology and economy is not deep enough, and the situation of "two skins" between science and technology and economy still exists. In this regard, we should further deepen the reform in an all-round way based on the requirements of Chinese modernization, focusing on innovating institutional mechanisms in scientific and technological innovation organizations, transformation of scientific and technological achievements, talent evaluation and incentives, and technology and finance elements, so as to stimulate the potential of scientific and technological innovation, accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces, and cultivate and expand new quality productive forces.

Keywords: comprehensively deepen reform, scientific and technological innovation and new quality productivity 　

[Chinese Library Classification Number] D61 [Document Identification Code] a

Science and technology make the nation prosperous, and science and technology make the country strong. At present, China is promoting the construction of a strong country and the great cause of national rejuvenation in an all-round way with Chinese modernization, and science and technology, as the primary productive force, plays an indispensable key role. From July 5 to 7, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection tour in Jiangsu: "The key to Chinese modernization lies in scientific and technological modernization." Only when science and technology are deeply integrated with economy can we release huge economic equivalent, promote economic growth and social progress, and enhance the country’s comprehensive strength and international competitiveness.

Deeply understand the connotation of the deep integration of science and technology and economy

Since the industrial revolution, science, technology and innovation have become more and more important, and the interaction, circulation and integration of science and technology and economy have become the key factors for the progress of human civilization. Since the reform and opening up, China has attached great importance to scientific and technological innovation and the integration of science and technology with economy. In 1985, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made the "Decision on the Reform of Science and Technology System", which clearly put forward the strategic policy that "economic construction must rely on science and technology, and scientific and technological work must be oriented to economic construction". In 1988, Comrade Deng Xiaoping put forward an important conclusion that "science and technology are the primary productive forces". In 1999, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council held a national conference on technological innovation, which set "strengthening technological innovation, developing high technology and realizing industrialization" as the cross-century strategic goal of China’s science and technology. Since the beginning of the 21st century, China has established the overall goal of building an innovative country, emphasizing accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces and promoting the closer integration of science and technology with economy. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has put forward a series of new ideas, new viewpoints and new theories around scientific and technological innovation, pointing out that "science and technology must be the primary productive force, talents the first resource and innovation the first driving force" and emphasizing "deploying innovation chain around the industrial chain, perfecting the capital chain around innovation chain and eliminating ‘ Island phenomenon ’ " , require "Promote the deep integration of science and technology with the economy. "

The deep integration of science and technology with economy means that scientific and technological innovation is based on the needs of economic and social development, and it is widely applied and empowered in all fields of economy and society through high-level and adaptive scientific and technological innovation, accelerating the infiltration and diffusion between science and technology and economy, complementing each other and promoting each other, improving the quality and efficiency of economic development, and finally achieving high-quality development and high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.

The deep integration of technology and economy is the integration of the whole process. From the process point of view, technological innovation includes three stages: technological research and development, technological transformation and technological application. At the front end of R&D, the deep integration of technology and economy is reflected in the fact that scientific and technological innovation activities must be based on the needs of economic and social development, that is, we must persist in facing the world’s scientific and technological frontier, facing the main battlefield of the economy, facing the major needs of the country, facing people’s lives and health, and accelerating the realization of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance; In the middle of transformation, the deep integration of science and technology and economy is reflected in comprehensively improving the level of transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, improving the quality and efficiency of transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and transforming more scientific and technological inputs into scientific and technological outputs and scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces; At the back end of application, the deep integration of technology and economy is reflected in strengthening the deep application of technology in all walks of life and fields of economy and society, expanding and enriching the application scenarios of new technologies, and providing strong support and motivation for promoting economic growth, improving quality and efficiency, improving people’s lives and enhancing international competitiveness.

The deep integration of science and technology and economy is the integration of all factors. Technology itself is one of the elements of economic growth, and technological progress is the decisive factor affecting economic growth. In addition, the deep integration of technology and economy is also reflected in the integration and development of talents, finance and other factors. The deep integration of science and technology and economy needs to cultivate a group of high-level and compound scientific and technological talents, and provide a strong talent guarantee for the integration and innovation of science and technology and economy by opening up the talent exchange channel between the scientific and technological system and the industrial system. Finance is the blood of modern economy, and the deep integration of technology and economy can not be separated from the support and service of finance, especially technology and finance. To this end, we should adhere to financial services for the real economy and scientific and technological innovation, do a good job in technology and finance, identify the combination of finance, technology and industry, improve the quality and efficiency of financial services, realize the organic combination of industrial chain, innovation chain and capital chain, and promote "science and technology — Industry — Finance "virtuous circle.

The deep integration of science and technology and economy is a circular integration. The integration of technology and economy is not a one-way function of technology empowering economy, but a circular integration of two-way interaction between technology and economy. Scientific and technological innovation can enhance the added value competitiveness of industries, save resources, improve efficiency, create value and increase benefits for economic development. The high-quality development of economy and industry can provide more financial support, greater market demand and richer application scenarios for scientific and technological innovation, forming a virtuous circle of "technology empowers the economy and the economy feeds back technology". Furthermore, the deep integration of science and technology and economy is to accelerate the infiltration and diffusion, complement each other and promote common prosperity between science and technology and economy through high-quality factor supply, high-level scientific and technological innovation services and sound scientific and technological innovation ecosystem, and promote the coordination and unity of the two.

The main achievements and outstanding problems of the integrated development of science and technology and economy

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, a substantial breakthrough has been made in the reform of China’s science and technology system, and remarkable progress has been made in the integration of science and technology with the economy. Scientific and technological innovation has strongly supported high-quality economic development and people’s high-quality life. Mainly reflected in:

First, the "four beams and eight pillars" of scientific and technological system reform have been basically established, and the national scientific and technological governance system has become increasingly sound. The Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee defined the direction and tasks of deepening the reform of science and technology system, and then relevant departments issued several policies and measures such as Opinions on Deepening the Reform of System and Mechanism and Accelerating the Implementation of Innovation-Driven Development Strategy, and revised and improved the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Scientific and Technological Progress and the Law of People’s Republic of China (PRC) on Promoting the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements. Taking perfecting the system and mechanism of scientific and technological innovation as an important measure to uphold and improve the basic socialist economic system, establishing the Central Science and Technology Commission and reorganizing the Ministry of Science and Technology, etc., these major reform measures have laid a solid institutional foundation for stimulating the vitality of scientific and technological innovation and promoting the integration of science and technology with the economy.

Second, the support for the whole chain of scientific research activities continued to increase, and the quality, efficiency and comprehensive strength of scientific and technological achievements jumped to a new level. According to the data of the National Bureau of Statistics, China’s total social R&D investment increased from 1.03 trillion yuan in 2012 to 3.33 trillion yuan in 2023. The number and quality of invention patents have been improved. In 2023, 921,000 invention patents were authorized nationwide, up 15.3% year-on-year. The number of PCT international patent applications in China has ranked first in the world for five consecutive years since 2019. By the end of 2023, the number of high-value invention patents per 10,000 population in China reached 11.8, an increase of 5.5 compared with the end of the 13th Five-Year Plan. A number of major innovations, such as quantum information, synthetic biology, global networking of Beidou navigation, the success of the first flight of domestic large aircraft C919, and the undocking of the first domestic large cruise ship, have made breakthroughs, and the comprehensive strength of science and technology has greatly jumped.

Third, the achievements of scientific and technological innovation have been transformed into real productive forces, and the development of emerging industries and the upgrading of industrial structure have been accelerated. The channels for the transformation and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements are smoother. In 2023, the turnover of national technology contracts exceeded 6 trillion yuan. In 2022, the added value of China’s patent-intensive industries reached 15.32 trillion yuan, accounting for 12.7% of GDP. With the important progress in China’s scientific and technological innovation, a number of original technologies and adaptive technologies have been deeply applied in the field of industrial economy, which has promoted the development of emerging industries and high-end industries, and the overall competitiveness of new energy vehicles, 5G mobile communications, new displays and other industries has been rapidly improved, forming a global leading edge. In 2023, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China were 9.587 million and 9.495 million respectively, ranking first in the world for nine consecutive years, among which the export volume of new energy vehicles was 1.203 million, driving China to become the largest automobile exporter in the world.

However, we should also see that compared with the requirements of modernization, the development of new productive forces and the world’s technological powers, the degree of integration between science and technology and economy in China is not deep enough, and the situation of "two skins" between science and technology and economy still exists. First, basic research and original innovation are relatively weak, and there is still a "stuck neck" problem in the supply chain of the industrial chain. In 2023, China’s basic research expenditure accounted for 6.65% of R&D expenditure, which is still far from the US’s basic research investment of about 15%. As a result, China’s original innovation ability is not strong, some key core technologies in the industrial chain are controlled by people, and high-end chips, precision machining equipment, high-end CNC machine tools and robots rely on foreign imports.

Second, the conversion rate of scientific and technological achievements is not high, and the phenomenon of idle scientific and technological achievements and waste of scientific and technological resources is more obvious. According to the Patent Investigation Report of China in 2023 released by China National Intellectual Property Administration, the licensing rate, transfer rate and pricing share-holding rate of invention patents in China in 2023 are only 7.4%, 9.1% and 1.5% respectively. Universities and research institutes are important platforms for basic research, which have produced a large number of scientific and technological innovations. By the end of 2023, the number of effective invention patents in domestic universities and scientific research institutions reached 1.023 million, accounting for 1/4 of the total effective invention patents in China. However, the fear of "unwilling to transfer" and the phenomenon of "not transferring" of patent achievements are still relatively common.

Third, the factors supporting the integration of science and technology and economy are not strong, and the coordination and matching of real economy, scientific and technological innovation, modern finance and human resources need to be improved. Building a modern industrial system with innovation leading and strong competitiveness is a concentrated expression of the deep integration of science and technology and economy. The real economy, scientific and technological innovation, modern finance and human resources promote each other and depend on each other. Shortcomings on either side will affect the level of modern industrial system construction. In terms of talent structure, there is a shortage of scientific and technological talents in China, especially high-level and compound talents. There is still room for improvement in the integrated development of teaching and scientific research, and the training mechanism and incentive mechanism of scientific and technological talents need to be improved. In terms of financing structure, the development of technology and finance is relatively weak, the matching degree between financing structure and innovation risk is not high, and the financing of scientific and technological innovation is facing difficulties. At present, China’s financial system is still characterized by indirect financing. At the end of 2022, the proportion of indirect financing in China was over 70%, which was quite different from the level of less than 20% in overseas markets such as the United States and Britain. The degree of indirect financing risk preference represented by bank credit is low, which requires fixed assets mortgage and relatively stable risk return, which is not matched with the characteristics of high risk, high return and light assets of science and technology enterprises, while the development of direct financing markets such as venture capital, venture capital, equity investment and listing financing that adapt to the characteristics of science and technology enterprises is not mature. In 2022, the amount of bonds issued by China’s science and technology innovation companies accounted for less than 1% of the total corporate bonds issued in that year, and the total market value of GEM and science and technology innovation board accounted for less than 20% of the total market value of A shares.

To promote the deep integration of science and technology and economy, the key is to further deepen reform in an all-round way.

General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out: "For many years, there has been a chronic disease that scientific and technological achievements have not been transformed into real productive forces, and one of the important sticking points is that there are many institutional barriers in the chain of scientific and technological innovation, and the links between innovation and transformation are not closely linked." "To solve this problem, we must deepen the reform of scientific and technological system, get rid of all ideological obstacles and institutional barriers that restrict scientific and technological innovation, handle the relationship between the government and the market, and promote science and technology and economy. At present, China is accelerating Chinese modernization, and it is urgent to further comprehensively deepen the reform, focusing on solving the problems of scientific and technological innovation organization, transformation of scientific and technological achievements, talent evaluation and incentive, technology and finance elements and other institutional mechanisms, forming new production relations, further stimulating the potential of scientific and technological innovation and economic development, and accelerating the cultivation of new quality productivity.

Deepen the reform of scientific and technological innovation system and mechanism, and give full play to the advantages of the new national system. First, it is necessary to strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee on scientific and technological work, give play to the role of the Central Science and Technology Commission in discussing and grasping scientific and technological strategic planning, solving major direction problems, determining major scientific research tasks, and deploying strategic scientific and technological forces, so as to enhance the decision-making efficiency and policy implementation of key core technologies; Second, we must constantly improve the new national system, combine the institutional advantages of concentrating on major events and the advantages of super-large-scale market with giving full play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation, gather elite forces and pool superior resources to carry out collaborative research, realize rapid technological breakthroughs and rapid market applications, and promote major breakthroughs in self-reliance and self-improvement of science and technology; Third, it is necessary to further play the leading role of planning, compile and implement the national medium and long-term scientific and technological development plan, and lead the layout of scientific and technological tasks and resource allocation; Fourth, it is necessary to improve the formation and implementation mechanism of major scientific research tasks, and flexibly implement task management methods such as "revealing the list", "reward system" and "horse racing system" for different types of scientific and technological projects. Support governments at all levels to set up scientific and technological innovation advisory committees covering professionals in the fields of science and technology, industry and investment, and pilot the chief scientist responsibility system based on trust.

Deepen the reform of the transformation mechanism of scientific and technological achievements and accelerate the formation of new quality productive forces. To promote the deep integration of science and technology and economy, it is necessary to improve the transformation mechanism of scientific and technological achievements, amplify the efficiency through the whole chain transformation, and accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces. First, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of professional service capacity for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The transformation of scientific and technological achievements in colleges and universities is a key link in the deep integration of science and technology and economy. Encourage the establishment of technology transfer offices and scientific and technological achievements transformation posts in colleges and universities, and encourage the excavation and promotion of a number of cutting-edge technology projects to be transformed in colleges and universities. Support colleges and universities to jointly establish concept verification centers with enterprises and investment institutions. We will improve the management and service mechanism for the whole process of registration, evaluation, release and trading of scientific and technological achievements, build a team of high-quality technical brokers, and commend and reward outstanding scientific research teams and technology transfer service teams. The second is to establish a new R&D platform oriented to industrialization. Support colleges and universities to deploy and build high-level new R&D institutions oriented to the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in cutting-edge scientific fields, carry out systematic, exploratory and applied basic research, and provide support for cultivating more emerging industries and future industries. We will build a high-level innovation consortium with close cooperation in Industry-University-Research, guide schools and enterprises to aim at new fields and new tracks, build demand-driven comprehensive laboratories and technology R&D centers, and jointly carry out scientific and technological innovation R&D research and transformation, so as to promote scientific and technological achievements to accelerate the empowerment of key industries. The third is to improve the due diligence and exemption mechanism for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Strengthen the top-level design and system construction of the due diligence exemption mechanism,Clarify the scope, negative list and workflow of due diligence exemption, and eliminate the concerns of researchers, managers and leaders in transforming scientific and technological achievements. Support third-party evaluation agencies as builders and participating executors of the due diligence exemption system, and help the construction of institutional mechanisms for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements.

Deepen the reform of talent evaluation and incentive mechanism, and effectively stimulate the innovation vitality of scientific research personnel. Talent is the most active subject to form new productive forces and promote the deep integration of science and technology and economy. To further deepen the reform of science and technology system, the reform of talent development system and mechanism is the key, and the incentive mechanism of talent evaluation is the key. First, we should improve the evaluation mechanism of scientific and technological talents. Establish an evaluation orientation centered on quality, contribution and performance, and implement a classified evaluation system that is suitable for different types of scientific research activities. Give full play to the role of government, market and industrial organizations in multi-party evaluation, adhere to "breaking the four talents", highlight moral character, ability and performance evaluation, and reduce unnecessary evaluation activities. The second is to optimize the long-term incentive mechanism for talents. Actively create a good environment for innovation and entrepreneurship, attach importance to the income distribution policy oriented to knowledge value, ability and creation, and explore the implementation of flexible wages and performance pay and other salary incentives. We will promote the reform of modern scientific research institutes, give innovative leading talents greater power to decide the technical route, control funds and dispatch resources, accelerate the pilot project of using the "contract responsibility system" for project funds, and loosen the burden and reduce the pressure for scientific researchers. Third, we should actively cultivate high-level scientific and technological talents. Reform and optimize the training mode of higher education, strengthen the training of top-notch innovative talents in basic disciplines, innovate the long-term and through-going training mode of basic research talents, and establish a mechanism conducive to young scientific and technological talents to stand out. Explore the establishment of a project-based and order-based talent training model.Encourage universities, research institutes and enterprises to jointly establish innovative talent practice bases and cultivate high-level scientific and technological innovative talents. Actively create a good environment for the growth and development of talents, vigorously carry forward the spirit of scientists, strengthen the construction of scientific research integrity, and promote the formation of a social fashion that respects knowledge, talents, loves science and advocates innovation.

Deepen the reform of technology and finance’s factor mechanism and promote "science and technology — Industry — Finance "virtuous circle. Give full play to the service role of finance in the development of the real economy and the role of capital as a bridge for cooperation in Industry-University-Research, and support the development of science, technology and industry through effective allocation of resources. First, it is necessary to enhance the technological innovation of financial services and the efficiency of the real economy. Encourage financial institutions to develop all kinds of financial products, and establish and improve the credit product system covering the whole life cycle of science and technology enterprises. Improve the multi-level capital market system, improve the basic system and supervision measures of the capital market, and support the development of science and technology enterprises. Encourage the development of angel investment and venture capital, guide venture capital enterprises to invest early, small and hard technology, and expand "patient capital". Steadily promote the construction of the science and technology financial reform pilot zone. The second is to accelerate the development of intellectual property finance. Improve the management system of intellectual property pledge financing, promote the securitization of intellectual property assets, vigorously develop scientific and technological achievements and the insurance model of intellectual property securitization, financial leasing, transfer license and pricing shares, and promote the deep integration of science and technology and economy through multiple channels.

(The author is a researcher at the Institute of Industrial Economics and Technical Economics of China Macroeconomic Research Institute)

[References]

(1) The Supreme Leader emphasized to go ahead in promoting Chinese-style modernization and set an example to write a new chapter in the modernization of new Jiangsu, People’s Daily, July 8, 2023.

② Li Chuncheng: The Centennial Course, Enlightenment and Prospect of China’s Science and Technology Economic Integration, Science and Technology Innovation, No.2, 2022.

③ Literature Research Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China: Excerpts from the Supreme Leader’s Expositions on Scientific and Technological Innovation, Beijing: Central Literature Publishing House, 2016.

④ Miao Junwei: Study on the Countermeasures of Deep Integration of Science and Technology and Economy, China Science and Technology Industry, No.3, 2022.

⑤ He Liping, Wei Houkai, etc.: Written Talk of Editors of "Finance Helps High-quality Development", Financial Review, No.3, 2023.

⑥ Lin Na and Gong Kewei: Research on the Construction of Due Diligence Exemption Mechanism for the Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, Science and Finance, No.10, 2021.

⑦ Wang Jinbin: "Promoting" Science and Technology — Industry — A virtuous circle of finance, Guangming Daily, January 11, 2023.

Editor-in-Chief/Yin Bingyao Meibian/Li Xiangfeng

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　　It has been 20 years since the September 11th terrorist attacks.

　　In the past 20 years, it seems that the fire and smoke of the new york Twin Towers are still in sight, and the haze of terrorism still hangs over the world. In the past 20 years, the "anti-terrorism" process in the United States "changed the Afghan regime from the Taliban to the Taliban". This ironic "reincarnation" declared the failure of the so-called "war on terror" in the United States.

　　Why is "American anti-terrorism" more and more fearful? Why didn’t the United States, which calls itself a "teacher of justice", bring peace and security to the world? On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of the "9.11" incident, this newspaper invited experts on international issues to have a dialogue on these issues.

　　Why did the "9.11" incident happen? What changes have taken place in American internal affairs and diplomacy in the past 20 years?

　　On the morning of September 11th, 2001, two passenger airliners hijacked by terrorists crashed into the Twin Towers of the World Trade Center in New York, USA. Another group of hijackers forced a third passenger airliner to crash into the Pentagon in Washington, DC, killing 2,977 civilians and 19 hijackers, resulting in a loss of US$ 200 billion. This is the most serious terrorist disaster that the United States has suffered. On October 7, 2001, the United States launched the war in Afghanistan in the name of "anti-terrorism".

　　Li Haidong: The "9.11" incident was caused by many factors: First, the United States did not properly handle its relations with Islamic countries. Over the years, the United States’ Middle East policy has generally been "one-sided" in favor of Israel, which has led to lasting tension between Israel and Islamic countries, and many religious extremists in the Middle East have even more hatred for the United States. Second, the United States has not handled its own problems well. Although the United States already has a well-developed intelligence system, its overall security intelligence and diplomatic resources were mainly used to plan how to carry out geopolitical confrontation with other big countries in the 1990s, but not enough attention was paid to extremists in the Islamic world, which posed a serious and direct threat to the national security of the United States. The American intelligence system misled the decision makers and caused them to make major policy mistakes. The "9.11" incident caught the United States off guard.

　　There is an ironic fact that Al Qaeda, which planned the "9.11" incident, was founded by the United States. In 1980s, in order to contain the Soviet Union, the United States strongly supported the anti-Soviet forces in the Islamic world in Afghanistan, including Al Qaeda. Due to the lack of long-term strategic planning and judgment, the United States eventually shot itself in the foot.

　　Li Wei: The "9.11" incident dealt a great blow to the United States and had a great impact on its national security concept. Prior to this, the United States believed that the opponents who threatened it were mainly state actors, but the "9.11" incident showed that al-Qaeda, as a non-state actor, could also cause almost fatal blows to the United States.

　　After a period of time, the overall domestic policy of the United States revolved around "anti-terrorism." For example, shortly after the "9.11" incident, the United States promulgated the Patriot Act in the name of "anti-terrorism". At the same time, the United States has implemented a large-scale government reorganization, including the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security and the National Counter-Terrorism Center, and revised a series of policies related to studying abroad and immigration in a certain period of time.

　　In the diplomatic field, the United States began to adopt a foreign policy of dividing enemies and friends from the standpoint of "anti-terrorism" during the Bush administration, that is, whoever supports the "anti-terrorism" of the United States is the friend of the United States, and vice versa.

　　After the "9.11" incident, the United States launched two so-called "anti-terrorism" wars — — The wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.

　　Sun Degang: In the 20 years since the "9.11" incident, the foreign strategy of the United States has undergone many major changes. During the 10 years from the incident to 2011, the United States successively launched the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq, and its foreign strategic focus shifted from the game of great powers to "anti-terrorism". During the 10 years from 2011 to 2021, "anti-terrorism" and "big country game" were both in the important position of American foreign strategy. With the United States officially ending the 20-year war in Afghanistan, its foreign strategic focus has returned to the geopolitical big country game.

　　In the so-called "anti-terrorism", the United States mainly takes the following measures: first, it forms a "volunteer alliance" for the purpose of regime change, launches the war in Afghanistan, and gathers a group of "little brothers" to launch the war in Iraq; The second is to launch an "anti-transnational terrorism forum" and incorporate anti-American forces into the "anti-terrorism" action, and "label" North Korea, Iran, Syria and other countries and include them in the list of "countries supporting terrorism"; The third is to apply high technology to the "anti-terrorism" action, establish a number of drone bases in the Middle East, Central Asia and other regions, and carry out targeted removal of terrorists.

　　Why did the so-called "war on terror" come to a dismal end? What’s wrong with America’s "anti-terrorism" policy?

　　According to foreign media reports, the report released by the War Cost Project of Brown University in the United States shows that the budget cost and future debt of the "war on terror" in the United States after the "September 11" incident are "about 8 trillion US dollars in current dollars"; In addition, about 929,000 people were killed in the "war on terror" in the United States.

　　However, countless money and deaths did not bring the peace and tranquility that Americans expected. According to a recent poll released by the Pew Research Center in the United States, nearly 70% of Americans believe that the United States has failed to achieve its goals in Afghanistan.

　　Li Wei: After the United States destroyed Al Qaeda’s training camp in Afghanistan, its "anti-terrorism" action in Afghanistan went astray. On the one hand, the United States "smuggled goods" in the name of "anti-terrorism". In 2003, just two years after launching the war in Afghanistan, the United States brazenly launched the war in Iraq in order to overthrow Saddam Hussein’s regime in Iraq, fabricated false information about Iraq’s possession of weapons of mass destruction and its connection with Al Qaeda, and its fundamental purpose was to promote "American democracy" in the Middle East countries. In the end, it backfired, but it gave birth to another new international terrorist force in Iraq — — "Islamic State" extremist organization.

　　On the other hand, after the killing of bin Laden in 2011, the US military action in Afghanistan was only in the name of "anti-terrorism", but not in reality. In the next 10 years, America’s opponent was no longer a terrorist organization, but the Taliban armed forces in Afghanistan, with the aim of fostering a pro-American puppet regime in Afghanistan. And this regime is not in the overall national interest of Afghanistan.

　　The United States seems to hold high the banner of "anti-terrorism", but in essence it is constantly creating new terrorism, making the soil for the development and spread of terrorism more fertile and terrorist activities increasingly rampant.

　　Sun Degang: There are three main problems in the "anti-terrorism" policy of the United States. First, it is not clear that terrorism has multiple roots, such as ideological extremism at the ideological level, ethnic antagonism and separatism at the social level, and poverty at the economic level, which leads extremists to take risks. Instead, it simply adopts the way of fighting violence with violence and triggers new contradictions.

　　Second, they mistakenly believe that democracy is a cure for terrorism, and apply the democratic transformation of Japan and Germany after World War II to Islamic countries in an attempt to create "democratic samples" in Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya and other countries, and the result is "acclimatized". At the same time, the United States simply equates democratic governance with democratic elections, which leads these countries to draw lines and hold groups with tribes, sects and ethnic groups in the elections, the original national identity and internal balance are broken, and the opposition between ethnic groups is further intensified.

　　Third, it is too superstitious about high-tech "anti-terrorism" means. The "decapitation" of drones often causes civilian casualties due to intelligence errors, exacerbating anti-American sentiment in the Middle East and making the United States lose the hearts of the people.

　　Li Haidong: A series of "anti-terrorism" actions of the United States after the "9.11" incident are far from reaching their expected goals. Policy makers have repeatedly made mistakes, and policy failure has become a distinctive feature of American foreign policy in the past 20 years.

　　For example, the United States launched the war in Afghanistan on the grounds that the Taliban sheltered bin Laden and Al Qaeda, the masterminds behind the September 11th incident. After overthrowing the Taliban regime, based on new strategic considerations, it not only failed to withdraw its troops from Afghanistan, but brought NATO forces into Afghanistan. During this period, the United States also blindly opened up the battlefield in Iraq and took subversion of Saddam Hussein’s regime as one of its "anti-terrorism" goals. Since then, the United States has also increased its intervention in the internal affairs of Libya, Syria and other countries in the Middle East and North Africa. In fact, the United States has not really devoted its mind to counter-terrorism. Instead, it has devoted a lot of resources to subverting the political power of other countries, trying to carry out American-style transformation of relevant countries in the name of "anti-terrorism" and using the military presence of the United States in different regions to engage in geopolitical competition among great powers. However, the ability of the United States does not match the goal, resulting in repeated failures of its policies. It can be seen that after the "9.11" incident, American foreign policy made mistakes one after another, adding to the mistakes, which eventually led to its embarrassing defeat in Afghanistan.

　　What are the consequences of the United States in the Middle East? How many hidden dangers are left for the world?

　　A few days ago, Iranian state television quoted data from Save the Children, an international charity organization, as saying that nearly 33,000 children were killed or disabled during the 20 years when the United States invaded Afghanistan, and this figure did not include children who died of hunger, poverty and disease. In a statement issued on August 31st, UN Secretary-General Guterres said: "Today, 18 million people, that is, almost half of Afghanistan’s population, need humanitarian assistance to survive."

　　As the world can see, 20 years after the "September 11th" incident, the United States, which held high the "justice banner" of "anti-terrorism", left the Middle East and even the world with more sufferings and security risks.

　　Sun Degang: After the "9.11" incident, all countries in the world generally sympathized with the American people, and the international community also agreed that terrorism and anti-terrorism activities were a pair of major contradictions. However, the United States wrongly launched two so-called "wars on terror", which changed from victims to injurers and occupiers, causing large-scale innocent civilian casualties in Afghanistan and Iraq, leading to a change in the views of the international community, especially Islamic countries, on the United States.

　　Before the United States launched the war, Afghanistan and Iraq had strong national identity. However, the United States tried to "graft" western electoral politics, which led to the rise of ethnic conflicts in the two countries, and some former government officials and soldiers who lost resources and power turned to join extremist organizations. Another result of the so-called "war on terror" launched by the United States is the rise of regional nationalism, including ultra-nationalism, xenophobia and anti-Americanism, which provides the soil for new violence and terrorist activities.

　　In addition, the frequent "lone wolf" terrorist attacks in European and American countries in recent years are also derivatives of American "anti-terrorism" actions. Most of the "lone wolf" terrorists are influenced by the extreme ideology of "Islamic State".

　　Li Haidong: In the past 20 years, the harm of international terrorism has not diminished. The main reason is that American policy mistakes have led to profound chaos in many countries, relevant regions and the United States itself. The double standards and half-heartedness of the United States in "anti-terrorism" have also increased the difficulty of international anti-terrorism coordination and cooperation, and terrorism has never been completely eliminated.

　　For the world, the United States is becoming more and more dangerous. In the name of "anti-terrorism", it constantly subverts other countries’ regimes and repeatedly creates crises and turmoil in different regions. Instead of bringing security to itself and the world, it makes chaos everywhere it goes, and thus spawns more terrorists and makes the world more unsafe. It can be said that the United States has become the maker and disseminator of global chaos.

　　Through the so-called "anti-terrorism" action of the United States for 20 years, more and more people have seen clearly the nature of American foreign policy that harms others and harms themselves, and also the danger of American foreign action. Countries around the world are more alert and resistant to the United States.

　　Li Wei: In addition to spawning new terrorist organizations during the two wars, the United States also tried to use terrorist organizations to contain and contain other countries. For example, there is a lot of evidence that the United States secretly provided weapons for the activities of the "Islamic State" extremist organizations in Syria in order to overthrow the Bashar al-Assad regime in Syria; In 2020, former US Secretary of State Pompeo announced that east turkestan islamic movement, which posed a terrorist threat to China, was removed from the list of terrorist organizations in the United States. All kinds of behaviors show that the United States does not regard counter-terrorism as a real goal, but only regards it as a tool to maintain its hegemonic position. This practice has led to the intensification of terrorist activities and the self-attack of the United States. At present, both the United States and the international community are bearing the consequences of the US "anti-terrorism".

　　What are the new challenges facing international counter-terrorism at present? How should the United States play its due role?

　　On August 26th, two explosions occurred in Kabul International Airport, the capital of Afghanistan, which killed a large number of Afghan civilians and 13 American soldiers, making it the deadliest incident for American troops in Afghanistan in the past 10 years. The "Islamic State" extremist organization issued a statement claiming to have carried out the attack. The US media said that the United States and its allies spent 20 years trying to defeat terrorism in Afghanistan, but this attack shows that terrorism is still a threat.

　　At present, the threat of terrorism faced by the international community has not been fundamentally eliminated, and combating all forms of terrorism remains the common responsibility of the international community.

　　Li Haidong: Next, international counter-terrorism will face many new challenges. On the one hand, although the Taliban regained power in Afghanistan and announced the formation of a new government, the situation in Afghanistan remains uncertain. Some extremists who cannot survive and develop in other countries will take advantage of Afghanistan’s weak internal governance in the future and use it as a shelter or assembly place, thus aggravating the complexity of the global anti-terrorism situation. In addition, the so-called "war on terror" in the United States over the past 20 years has produced a large number of refugees, which has caused troubles to many countries. The refugee problem cannot be effectively solved, which also provides certain conditions for extremist organizations to fan the flames.

　　On the other hand, there are serious differences in the attitude towards counter-terrorism in the United States. Some political elites want to continue to implement the so-called "anti-terrorism" policy, while the American people want to spend more resources on domestic development, which means that the future "anti-terrorism" action in the United States will lack more domestic support, and the relevant investment will inevitably decrease accordingly. After creating more terrorist forces, the United States gradually reduces its own efforts and investment in the global anti-terrorism process, which will bring more difficulties to the international anti-terrorism cooperation process.

　　Li Wei: The U.S. government should abandon the double standards on anti-terrorism and the wrong practice of politicizing and instrumentalizing anti-terrorism, and really proceed from the interests of its own people and international interests, instead of just serving the big domestic capital groups, seeking self-interest in the name of "anti-terrorism" and encouraging the arrogance of terrorism.

　　The U.S. government must realize that terrorism under any banner is a common threat and harm to human society. It must not support or condone terrorist organizations that pose a threat to other countries for the so-called "great power competition" strategy, which will only harm the overall interests of the international community. Only by adhering to the idea of promoting stability through construction and promoting security through development, all countries in the world can jointly carry out effective anti-terrorism actions, reduce the activity space of terrorist organizations and eradicate the breeding ground of terrorism, which is the fundamental way to deal with the threat of terrorism.

　　Sun Degang: The withdrawal of American troops from Afghanistan shows that America’s so-called "war on terror" is a failure. The root of the failure lies in the fact that the United States always wears colored glasses and is unwilling to carry out real multilateral cooperation with other big countries in the field of counter-terrorism, but only establishes a "pseudo-multilateral" "anti-terrorism" alliance. On the one hand, the United States hopes to fight terrorism with the help of big countries such as China and Russia and Islamic countries such as Iran, Saudi Arabia and Turkey. On the other hand, it points fingers at the internal affairs of these countries and opposes the anti-terrorism and depolarization actions of these countries under the banner of so-called "religious freedom" and "human rights of ethnic minorities", exposing the utilitarianism and double standards of the United States on the issue of counter-terrorism.

　　The U.S. government must change its course on the issue of counter-terrorism, keep pace with other countries’ counter-terrorism process, learn from other countries’ experience in counter-terrorism and depolarization, and push the international community to reach a consensus on the concept and definition of terrorism as soon as possible to avoid linking terrorism with specific nationalities and religions in the counter-terrorism process. At the same time, we should adhere to the United Nations as the center to carry out international anti-terrorism cooperation and form a joint force in combating terrorist financing and cyber terrorism.

　　More importantly, anti-terrorism should return to the root of governance. It is an urgent task for the international community to strengthen security governance and provide humanitarian assistance to countries in turmoil such as Afghanistan, Iraq, Syria, Libya, Yemen and Somalia. In the context of the spread of the COVID-19 epidemic, the international community should lend a helping hand, especially the developed countries should shoulder more responsibilities, help these turbulent countries achieve stability and development, and promote anti-terrorism and depolarization in a multi-pronged manner. (Yan Yu)