年度归档 2025年9月28日

　　Tangshan, China, July 28 (Reporter Guo Xiangyu, Xiao Yuan and Du Zhen) According to the Voice of China report, today is the 40th anniversary of the Tangshan earthquake. Forty years ago, Tangshan, Hebei Province, took the lives of 240,000 people in just 23 seconds, and made this industrial city an island for 15 days after the earthquake.

　　Li Shengtang, then deputy director of the dispatching room of Tangshan Airport, and Li Yulin, vice chairman of the trade union in Tangshan Mining Area of Kailuan Coal Mine, were both survivors of the Tangshan earthquake. When the earthquake occurred, they went to Beijing from the air and the ground respectively to ask for support from the central government.

　　The earthquake shattered their families and changed their life trajectory. After a lapse of 40 years, every moment of the earthquake, help and disaster relief is still fresh.

　　On July 27, 1976, in Tangshan that night, the weather was particularly sultry and the sky was surprisingly bright. Li Shengtang, then deputy director of the dispatching room of Tangshan Airport, recalled that his wife thought of the earthquake at that time. "My wife told me, oh, is there going to be an earthquake? I’m afraid she can’t sleep, so I said, don’t dream, it’s so hot in summer. “

　　At the same time, Li Yulin, vice chairman of the labor union in Tangshan mining area of Kailuan coal mine, just rose to the well and worked underground for two days and one night. After returning home, he was so tired that he didn’t even eat, so he fell on the bed.

　　At 3: 42 am on July 28th, the earth shook. Li Shengtang, who survived, climbed out of the ruins, held a pair of children under a tree in the yard and turned and ran to the airport dispatching building 1 km away. However, the damage of the airport made Li Shengtang almost desperate. Four of the eight pillars of the dispatching building were broken and the command system was completely paralyzed. Li Shengtang and his comrades searched the whole station and only found a barely usable ultrashort wave radio station.

　　Li Shengtang recalled: "There is only one navigation station left. What’s wrong with the air station, the fixed tower and the antenna? There are two planes. Li -2 plane can fly in complex weather, but later it was found that the communication car was still working, and the back was broken, so it could be sent out, and it could generate electricity. “

　　Kailuan coal mine. Li Yulin was in a hurry to get to the mining area, and he was worried about the underground workers whose life and death were unknown. Standing on the dark mine and shouting, the only people who can respond to Li Yulin are Cao Guocheng, director of the Armed Forces Department, Yuan Qingwu, the winch driver of the electromechanical department, and Cui Zhiliang, the driver of the mine rescue team. The only equipment that can be found is a mine ambulance that was not damaged by the earthquake.

　　To Beijing! Report to the CPC Central Committee! This was the only way that Li Yulin could think of at that time. "The concept of going to Beijing came into being in the process of running from my home to the mine. All I saw was ruins and nothing else."

　　Thirty minutes after the earthquake, the red mine ambulance sounded the alarm, carrying four people, including Li Yulin, from the mining area and heading west to Beijing.

　　Asking for support from the central government is also the first thought in Li Shengtang’s mind. When he was about to start the radio station to guide the plane to fly to Beijing, he was held down by his comrades: taking off without approval is a violation of discipline.

　　After the earthquake in Tangshan, it began to rain, and Li Shengtang finally made a decision. After the earthquake, the first distress plane flying to Beijing rushed out of the runway and took off in the rain without a navigation platform and only under the naked eye command of Li Shengtang.

　　Li Shengtang said: "This is a special take-off in an extraordinary period. I asked the dispatcher to let the plane take off. In this way, it took off at 6 o’clock. "

　　When Li Yulin’s car arrived in Beijing, the Li -2 plane under the command of Li Shengtang also landed smoothly at Nanyuan Airport. Two cars galloped towards each other in the streets of Beijing in the early morning. Finally, they met in front of Xinhua Gate in Zhongnanhai. No greetings, no communication. What they are thinking about is how to report the disaster to the central authorities as quickly as possible.

　　4 hours and 18 minutes after the earthquake. Beijing, Ziguangge, Zhongnanhai. Li Yulin reported the disaster of Kailuan Coal Mine to the central leadership: there are still thousands of miners underground.

　　Li Yulin people didn’t know at that time that thousands of miners who fled to the alleys were waiting for an order in the dark 590 meters underground in Kailuan Coal Mine. After 40 years, Zhang Guocheng, an electromechanical worker, still clearly remembered the scene at that time.

　　Zhang Guocheng recalled: "At that time, it gave me the feeling that the working face collapsed, and the boards fell off, so we forced our way out through a small seam. The workers who came down from the construction site waited for the instructions from the leaders, and Xi’ an did not move. At that time, the organization was particularly strong and there was no chaos. "

　　The underground search was carried out nervously and orderly until the last worker was found. This team of thousands of people began to move step by step to the wellhead that did not collapse with the miner’s lamp overhead. In the end, all miners were safely raised.

　　Tangshan airport. Li Shengtang waited in the dispatching room all night, constantly debugging the buttons of the radio station for fear of missing any signal in the air.

　　9 am, the fifth hour after the earthquake. Finally, the radio came to call Tangshan Station in secret language, demanding landing conditions: this Mi -8 helicopter, which took off from Beijing Shahe Airport two hours ago, was the first rescue plane sent by the central authorities.

　　As the relief materials arrived in Tangshan, Li Yulin, who reported the disaster to the central authorities and returned to provide relief. On the way back to Kailuan coal mine, he shouted at the top of his voice and told the affected people along the way that the central government had decided to help Tangshan.

　　Li Yulin said: "I told them about the situation, and there were more and more people around. Oh, I’ve never heard that slogan. It’s all from the heart. Almost all of them shouted when they broke their throats. Many wounded people were lying on the ground. Although they couldn’t shout, I still remember the strength of opening my mouth now. "

　　Only when Li Yulin returned to Tangshan did he know that 14 relatives, including his parents and son, were killed in the earthquake. After hastily burying the next of kin, Li Yulin returned to the mine. With more than 20,000 miners trapped in Tangshan, Kailuan Coal Mine officially resumed production on the 10th day after the earthquake. "After the injured people have settled the dead, they all come back to mine. There are annoying drainage and mine protection, restoration of construction on the well, cleaning up things, etc., all of which are spread out. After ten days, the basic mines are full of people. At that time, everyone has difficulties, and if there is no difficulty, they will all come. "

　　As railways and highways have been severely damaged, opening air passages is the only choice for disaster relief. The air rescue officially began 5 hours and 18 minutes after the earthquake. However, the power was interrupted, the runway lights were completely extinguished, and there was no navigation equipment. Tangshan Airport became "blind". Without runway lights, the soldiers collected hundreds of lanterns instead. Thirteen types of aircraft from more than 30 airports across the country took off and landed in nearly a thousand aftershocks by listening to Li Shengtang’s ears and observing with the naked eye. When I was most nervous, I took off and landed a plane in an average of 2 minutes, which created a miracle in the history of world aviation. During the critical period of 14 days after the earthquake, more than 20,000 wounded people and countless relief materials took off and landed from the narrow runway of Tangshan Airport.

　　Li Shengtang said: "It is quite difficult to take off and land. Some large routes and small routes take off head-to-head, cross-take-off, and take off at both ends, and use one runway as two runways to maximize the airport take-off and landing rate, transport more wounded people and transport more relief materials. Up to 360 a day, with an average of 200 take-off and landing every day. I haven’t washed my face or rested for fifteen days. "

　　On August 11th, 15th day after the earthquake, the land route from Tangshan to the outside world was finally opened. Tangshan in ruins is finally no longer an island.

　　Li Shengtang, who is 80 years old, has some difficulty with his left foot. Every time he climbs a floor, he has to rest for a while. But as long as he hears a plane flying overhead, he will still be excited.

　　In the subsidence area of Kailuan coal mine where the victims were buried, now, the 2016 Tangshan World Horticultural Exposition Park has been built. The miners who experienced the earthquake have already retired, and Zhang Guocheng, an electromechanical worker, took a liking to photography after retirement. He said that he loves to pat the new Tangshan more. "I took a lot of pictures when the World Expo was not engaged in gardening. Now I have taken a lot of pictures when it is completed. I don’t need to say that others can see the changes before and after, right?"

　　However, when he reached the center of the park, he put down his camera and stood quietly. The theme sculpture "Danfeng Chaoyang" in front of him, which symbolizes the nirvana of the phoenix, seems to remind everyone who comes here not to forget the city’s past.

　　Zhang Guocheng said: "I have been in Tangshan for more than 60 years. You see that so many people died in the earthquake at that time and buried their bodies to restore their homes. More than 200,000 people died in Tangshan. He can still stand tall and stand tall. It is time to resume production and resume production. How to live and live? This is Tangshan people!"

　　　

　　The new mother left most of her time to her children.

　　Having children is something to be happy about. But a recent survey in Britain found that women who are first-time mothers feel most lonely in the first year after their children are born. The main reason is that they have no time and energy to contact relatives and friends during childbirth and maternity leave, thus being out of touch with the outside world.

　　Nearly 90% lost social life.

　　The British "Mom and Baby" magazine and Tesco Supermarket Co., Ltd. jointly conducted a survey on about 2,000 new mothers with an average age of 29. It turns out that many of them need to work hard to adapt to the new identity of "mother".

　　About two-thirds of new mothers said that they lived far away from their mothers and had little contact with them. In addition, they basically lost contact with other relatives, friends and colleagues. More than half of new mothers feel "lonely and isolated". Among the women surveyed, on average, each person has only 90 minutes a day to get in touch with people except their husbands and children, and the rest is given to the children.

　　Many new mothers say that after the birth of their children, most of the quarrels between them and their partners are due to this-they are "lonely and isolated", but their partners work or engage in social activities as usual.

　　Caused by modern lifestyle

　　The survey results said: "Less than 30% of new mothers’ mothers can help look after their children, while one third of new mothers’ mothers-in-law never help look after them."

　　British media reported that the lifestyle of modern society is that people live farther and farther away from their relatives and friends, which makes motherhood more challenging.

　　"Being away from work, giving birth to children has an arduous physical and psychological adaptation process for women. This is a brand-new life, which is completely different from what they used to live." Dalrymple, editor of Mommy and Baby magazine, said.

Editor: xu wen hua

　　"Youth is like early spring, like the morning sun, like the germination of flowers, like the new development of a sharp sword, and the most precious period of life."

　　More than a hundred years ago, Youth Magazine was founded and later renamed New Youth, which had a far-reaching influence. In that stormy era, a group of new youths held high the torch of Marxist thought and searched hard for the future of national rejuvenation.

　　For more than 100 years, China has never stopped exploring the road of modernization. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that the Chinese dream of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation cannot be separated from the relay struggle of generations of young people.

　　On June 22nd, the 19th National Congress of the Communist Youth League of China was successfully concluded. The General Assembly mobilized and led the youth members to unite and struggle for building a socialist modern country in an all-round way and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation in an all-round way.

　　It will take one or two generations to achieve the goal of the second century from now until the middle of this century. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the young people of China in the new era are born at the right time and shoulder heavy responsibilities.

　　What kind of young people can be so responsible? What would they look like if they painted portraits of new youth in the new era?

　　— — The appearance of fighting bravely for the first place.

△ On June 19th, 2023, local time, UNESCO held the first "Al-Fazan Award" awarding ceremony at its Paris headquarters, and China scientist Fu Qiaomei was awarded the award.

　　On June 19th, Fu Qiaomei, a researcher at the Institute of vertebrate paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, was awarded UNESCO — Al-Fazan International Award for Outstanding Young Scientists in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics.

　　Fu Qiaomei has been engaged in paleogenetics research for a long time, mainly focusing on ancient DNA to explore important scientific issues of human origin and evolution. As one of the leading scientists in the field of international paleogenetics, Fu Qiaomei stood out from 2,500 candidates around the world and became the first China scientist to win this prize.

△ On September 11th, 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader listened to the speeches of seven representatives of scientists, including Fu Qiaomei.

　　"People often ask, ‘ What’s the use of your research ’ . When it was difficult to maintain the laboratory, I also thought about whether to do hot research. " In September, 2020, when talking with the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, Fu Qiaomei expressed her confusion.

　　The general secretary said: "What do you think of the unpopular? Generally speaking, some unpopular things are useless. This understanding may delay the career in a field. To evaluate scientific research, we must have a long-term vision, a world vision and a scientific vision. "

　　Fu Qiaomei was deeply inspired. She led a young team and made continuous breakthroughs in research, pushing China’s ancient DNA research into the forefront of the world.

　　A generation has the fate of a generation, and a generation of young people has the mission of a generation of young people.

　　On May 4, 2013, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to China Academy of Space Technology of China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation to participate in the theme group day.

　　After 90′ s, Pei Xianfeng became a skilled welding technician in just a few years through diligent study and hard practice, and won the silver medal in the welding project in the World Skills Competition, achieving a breakthrough of zero medals in Chinese.

　　The general secretary praised: "through hard work, your youth career is highly compatible with the cause of the party and the country and the cause of the people, so that the spectrum of your career will be broader and the energy will be stronger."

△ At 13: 30 on June 15th, 2023, the Long March II D carrier rocket successfully launched 41 satellites, including Jilin No.1 high-scoring 06A star, into the scheduled orbit, setting a new record for multiple satellites with one arrow in China.

　　"Mozi", "Tian Wen" and "Chang ‘e", young scientific and technological talents can be seen everywhere in these undertakings entrusted with the dream of national rejuvenation — — The average age of the core staff of Beidou satellite team is 36 years old, the average age of quantum science team is 35 years old, and the average age of Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST) FAST R&D team is only 30 years old … …

　　The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader encouraged: "We should look at the innovation and creation of young people with appreciation and approval, actively support them to shine in life, and praise and applaud the achievements and achievements of young people."

　　— — Not afraid of hardship

　　Do you choose a stable life in Beijing, or do you choose to go back to the countryside to "suffer"?

　　Wei Qiao, a young man born in 1980s, gave her own answer: She used to be an assistant researcher at the Institute of Geography of China Academy of Sciences. Six years ago, she and her husband both quit their jobs in the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Peking University, and returned to their hometown in Jiangsu to plant more than 20,000 mu of rice. Through digital management, the yield per mu reached 1,100 Jin, which effectively promoted the surrounding farmers to become rich.

△ On March 5, 2023, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader participated in the deliberation of the Jiangsu delegation of the First Session of the 14th National People’s Congress.

△ Wei Qiao spoke at the plenary session of the Jiangsu delegation at the First Session of the 14th National People’s Congress.

　　During the National People’s Congress this year, Wei Qiao told the Supreme Leader General Secretary about his experience. After hearing this, the general secretary was very appreciative: "It’s good for a comrade like Wei Qiao to go to the countryside!"

　　Suffering hardships is also the choice of the supreme leader in youth. In Liangjiahe, Shaanxi Province, farming, pulling coal, damming and picking dung … … He has done almost everything. Looking back on those days, he wrote in "I am the Son of the Yellow Land", "Difficulties and hardships can temper a person’s will. The hard life of going to the countryside for seven years was a great exercise for me. Later, when I encountered any difficulties, I remembered that I could still work under such difficult conditions at that time. Why not do it now? "

　　In Zhengding, Hebei Province, he rode his bicycle all over every village in the county, got a solid and detailed understanding of the county situation, found problems and collected public opinion. He said that he was ready to enter the "sea of suffering"; In Xiamen, he volunteered to take charge of the work concerning agriculture, rural areas and farmers, and made full use of all forces to promote the development of poverty-stricken areas … …

　　Today, the young people in China in the new era are in the best period of the development of the Chinese nation, and they are faced with the rare life opportunity of making great achievements, as well as the mission of the times.

　　In youth, if you choose to suffer, you choose to gain, and if you choose to give, you choose to be noble.

　　When inspecting the Youth Cave in Hongqi Canal, Anyang, Henan Province, the General Secretary emphasized: "The younger generation should inherit and carry forward the spirit of hard work, self-reliance and hard struggle, abandon arrogance and arrogance, and engrave their youthful blood on the historical monument like our parents."

　　In a reply to the students in the Science and Technology Academy of China Agricultural University, the General Secretary encouraged everyone: "You said in your letter that only when you go deep into the local China can you deeply understand what is seeking truth from facts and how to contact the masses, and young people will ‘ Ask for it ’ That’s very good. China youth in the new era should have this spirit. "

　　Just as General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said in a discussion with outstanding youth representatives from all walks of life ten years ago, "It is good for you to experience a little more beatings, setbacks and tests in your youth."

　　— — Aim high.

△ On February 15th, 2022, Su Yiming, a player from China, won the men’s grand platform championship of snowboarding in Beijing Winter Olympics.

　　Su Yiming, who won the championship in Beijing Winter Olympics, wrote a letter to the Supreme Leader General Secretary after the game.

　　Soon, he received a reply from the general secretary — — "I hope that your hearts are tied to the motherland, your ambitions are high, your feet are on the ground, you will create a wonderful life in your struggle and contribute your youth and strength to the motherland and the people."

　　The paper is short-lived and long-lasting, and the hope is infinite. Youth’s ideals and beliefs are related to the future of the nation.

　　In July, 2021, Huang Haifen, a Chaoshan girl born after 1990s, met the Supreme Leader General Secretary who was investigating in Xizang. At that moment, her heart was pounding with excitement: "I am a university student village official. I graduated from Guangdong University of Finance and Economics four years ago and always wanted to do something for the frontier, so I came to work in Linzhi."

　　The general secretary asked with concern: "Will you stay here in the future?"

　　Huang Haifen said shyly, "Stay! Settle down, my lover is in the next village and came to Xizang together. "

　　The general secretary encouraged her: "From the coast to the plateau, people are needed here. You should do well here."

　　Hearing the general secretary’s words, Huang Haifen nodded with tears in his eyes.

　　A life with faith, dreams, struggle and dedication is a meaningful life. Generation after generation of young people have integrated their "small goals" into the "big blueprint" of the cause of the party and the country.

　　"In the new era, young people in China should establish their belief in Marxism, Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Chinese nation’s great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream, go among the people and go to a new era and a new world, so that ideals and beliefs can be sublimated in entrepreneurial struggle and youth can shine in innovation and creation!" This is the ardent expectation of the Supreme Leader General Secretary to the contemporary youth at the conference commemorating the centenary of the May 4th Movement.

　　— — Look like a bear

△ The Central Propaganda Department publicized and released the advanced deeds of the Second Flying Brigade of an Air Force Aviation Corps to the whole society and awarded them the title of "Model of the Times".

　　Recently, the second flight brigade of an air force aviation regiment with an average age of only 29 years old was awarded the honorary title of "model of the times"

　　More than 70 years ago, this bombing aviation brigade of the People’s Air Force, which was formed in the first batch, participated in the war and made the first meritorious military service, bombed in the air on Yamato Island, setting a precedent for the People’s Air Force’s aviation bombing operation style.

　　More than 70 years later, the South China Sea patrol, going out of the island chain and flying around Taiwan Island … … This unit is brave in its mission and is known as "the iron fist in the air in the new era."

　　"I am in the arms of a fighter, and my motherland is in my heart." Mutfa Aili, a pilot from the foot of Tianshan Mountain, said that every cruise, when the land is farther and farther away and there is only a blue water left in front of him, the word "motherland" rises in my heart and becomes clearer.

　　"Clear love, only for China."

　　This is the battle slogan written by martyr Chen Xiangrong before his death. The young soldier defended the dignity of his home country with his life.

△ "Piloting and strengthening the army to revive — — The heroic deeds of defending the country and defending the border on the exhibition of achievements in national defense and army building in the new era.

　　On May 10, 2022, at the celebration of the centenary of the founding of the Communist Youth League of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader said with deep affection: "‘ Clear love, only for China ’ It has become the strongest voice from the heart of contemporary China youth. "

　　They are Huang Wenxiu people who fought a decisive battle to get rid of poverty. They volunteered to take root in the mountains and wrote a song of youth without regrets. They are the first-line anti-epidemic Xie Xiaoyu people, who are childish but stand up and become a volunteer of war and epidemic; They are skilled workers in the workshop of the factory, working hard, striving for perfection and intensive cultivation … …

　　"Youth makes the country prosperous, and the development of China depends on the vast number of young people. Youth is full of vigor, and youth breeds hope. The vast number of young people should cultivate their feelings about their home country, cultivate their enterprising character, inspire their youth with a struggling attitude, and live up to the times and the Chinese New Year. " The message of the Chairman of the Supreme Leader to hundreds of millions of young people in his New Year message in 2023 carries infinite expectations.

　　Tomorrow’s China hopes for the youth.

△ On April 25th, 2022, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made an investigation in China Renmin University.

　　At the celebration of the centenary of the founding of the Communist Youth League of China and in the Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Party, the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader put forward four requirements for good young people in the new era — — Have ideals, dare to take responsibility, endure hardships and be willing to struggle.

　　Courageously striving for the first place, not afraid of hardship, aiming high, and assuming responsibility, the young people in China in the new era have stirred up the surging spring tide of national rejuvenation with their youthful energy and creativity, and worked hard to create a better China with their youthful wisdom and sweat.

　　The future of a country lies in the youth.

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　　Producer: Geng Zhimin

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　　[Press on the way to study]"At the new historical starting point of China’s development, we will put scientific and technological innovation in a more important position and blow the horn of building a world science and technology power." On May 30th, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made an important speech at the National Science and Technology Innovation Conference, the Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ninth National Congress of the China Association for Science and Technology, pointing out that science and technology are the sharp weapon of the country, and the country relies on it to be strong, enterprises rely on it to win, and people’s lives depend on it to be good. China is strong, China people’s lives are better, and we must have strong science and technology.

　　Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has placed innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, attached great importance to scientific and technological innovation, and put forward a series of new ideas, new theories and new requirements. The column "On the Road to Learning" selects the important exposition of the general secretary on scientific and technological innovation for the reference of netizens.

　　On the importance of innovation

　　Science and technology make the nation prosperous, and science and technology make the country strong. Today, we are here to hold this grand meeting, which is to put scientific and technological innovation in a more important position at the new historical starting point of China’s development and blow the horn of building a world-class science and technology power.

　　Historical experience shows that the scientific and technological revolution can always profoundly change the world development pattern.

　　— — On May 30, 2016, the top leaders emphasized when attending the National Science and Technology Innovation Conference, the 18th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences, the 13th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering and the 9th National Congress of China Association for Science and Technology.

　　In today’s world, the scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation are in the ascendant. We should enhance our sense of mission, take innovation as the biggest policy, and catch up and catch up.

　　— — On May 26, 2016, when the Supreme Leader inspected the University of Science and Technology of China and the Institute of Advanced Technology of the Chinese University of Science and Technology in Hefei, Anhui Province, he emphasized that

　　Adhere to the drive of innovation, promote the integration of Industry-University-Research and the transformation of technological achievements, strengthen the incentives for innovation and the application of innovation achievements, increase support for new impetus, and foster a good environment for innovation.

　　It is necessary to play the role of innovation as the first driving force for development, implement a number of major scientific and technological projects, accelerate the breakthrough of core key technologies, comprehensively improve the scientific and technological content of economic development, and improve labor productivity and return on capital.

　　— — On December 18, 2015, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the Central Economic Work Conference that

　　The driving force for the long-term development of the world economy comes from innovation. Summing up the historical experience, we will find that the vitality and creativity released by the reform of institutional mechanisms and the new industries and products created by scientific and technological progress are the basis for the world economy to get out of the predicament and realize recovery after major crises.

　　— — On November 15, 2015, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech on the world economic situation at the first phase of the Tenth Summit of G20 leaders.

　　Innovative development focuses on solving the problem of development motivation. China’s innovation ability is not strong, the overall level of scientific and technological development is not high, the supporting ability of science and technology to economic and social development is insufficient, and the contribution rate of science and technology to economic growth is far lower than that of developed countries, which is the "Achilles heel" of China’s economic giant. The new round of scientific and technological revolution brings more intense scientific and technological competition. If scientific and technological innovation fails, it will be impossible to realize the transformation of development momentum, and we will be at a disadvantage in the global economic competition. To this end, we must regard innovation as the first driving force to lead development, talent as the first resource to support development, put innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, and constantly promote innovation in theory, system, science and technology, culture and other aspects, so that innovation can run through all the work of the party and the country and become a common practice in the whole society.

　　— — On October 29th, 2015, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the second plenary session of the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee

　　Innovation is the source of enterprise’s power, quality is the foundation of enterprise’s existence, and management is the foundation of enterprise’s survival. We must pay special attention to innovation, quality and management and always take the initiative in the fierce market competition.

　　— — On July 17, 2015, the Supreme Leader emphasized when inspecting Changchun Yidong Clutch Co., Ltd. of Jilin Northeast Industrial Group.

　　At present, China’s economic development presents three characteristics: speed change, structural optimization and power conversion. Adapting to the new normal, grasping the new normal and leading the new normal are the great logic of China’s economic development at present and in the future. We should deeply understand the new characteristics and requirements of China’s economic development and focus on solving major problems that restrict the sustained and healthy development of the economy. We should vigorously promote the structural strategic adjustment of the economy, put innovation in a more prominent position, continue to deepen reform and opening up, and provide a strong impetus for sustained and healthy economic development.

　　— — From June 16 to 18, 2015, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during the investigation in Guizhou.

　　Comprehensive national strength competition is innovation competition in the final analysis. It is necessary to thoroughly implement the innovation-driven development strategy, promote scientific and technological innovation, industrial innovation, enterprise innovation, market innovation, product innovation, business innovation and management innovation, and accelerate the formation of an economic system and development model with innovation as the main guide and support.

　　— — On May 27, 2015, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the symposium of leading comrades of party committees in seven provinces and cities in East China

　　Innovation is the first driving force for development. Grasping innovation means grasping development, and seeking innovation means seeking the future. To adapt to and lead the new normal of China’s economic development, the key is to rely on scientific and technological innovation to transform the development momentum.

　　— — On March 5, 2015, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during the deliberation of the Shanghai delegation at the Third Session of the 12th National People’s Congress.

　　Innovation should be realistic, that is, it is necessary to promote all-round innovation and rely more on industrial innovation to cultivate and form new growth points. Innovation is not just a matter of publishing a paper and applying for a patent. Innovation must be implemented to create new growth points and turn innovation achievements into real industrial activities. At the meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group, I focused on the central government’s consideration of implementing the innovation-driven development strategy. Everyone should enhance their understanding of innovation-driven development, comprehensively judge the general trend of world scientific and technological innovation and industrial transformation, proceed from reality, determine the breakthrough point of innovation, and strive to form new growth drivers.

　　— — On December 9, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the Central Economic Work Conference that

　　Throughout the history of human development, innovation has always been an important force to promote the development of a country and a nation, and it is also an important force to promote the development of the whole human society. There are many aspects of innovation, including theoretical innovation, institutional innovation, institutional innovation, talent innovation, etc., but the status and role of scientific and technological innovation is very important. China is a big developing country. At present, it is vigorously promoting the transformation of economic development mode and the adjustment of economic structure, and is striving to achieve the goal of "two hundred years". We must implement the innovation-driven development strategy well. This is a major strategy, which must be grasped as a major task in the process of implementing the spirit of the 18th CPC National Congress and the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee.

　　— — On August 18, 2014, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the seventh meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group that

　　A place and an enterprise must break through the bottleneck of development and solve deep-seated contradictions and problems. The fundamental way out lies in innovation, and the key lies in the strength of science and technology. It is necessary to speed up the construction of a technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, market-oriented and Industry-University-Research as the combination, strengthen the construction of innovative talents, build an innovative service platform, promote the close integration of science and technology and economy, strive to achieve major breakthroughs in advantageous fields, common technologies and key technologies, and promote the transformation of China manufacturing to China creation, China speed to China quality, and China products to China brand.

　　— — On May 9 and 10, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech during his inspection tour in Henan

　　Innovation is the soul of a nation’s progress, the inexhaustible motive force for a country’s prosperity, and the deepest national endowment of the Chinese nation. In the fierce international competition, only innovators advance, only innovators are strong, and only innovators win.

　　— — On October 21, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the centenary celebration meeting of the European and American Alumni Association that

　　Innovation drive is forced by the situation. China’s economic aggregate has leapt to the second place in the world, and its social productivity, comprehensive national strength and scientific and technological strength have reached a new stage. At the same time, the problems of imbalance, uncoordinated and unsustainable development in China are still outstanding, and the pressure on population, resources and environment is increasing. China’s modernization involves more than one billion people, and it is unsustainable to take the old road driven by factors. Material resources will inevitably be used less and less, while science and technology and talents will be used more and more. Therefore, we must turn to the innovation-driven development track as soon as possible to better release the potential of scientific and technological innovation.

　　— — On September 30, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the ninth collective study of the 18th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee.

　　The practice of many enterprises in the old industrial base shows that if you want to create advantages and turn crises into opportunities, you must dare to play market cards, reform cards and innovation cards. It is necessary to seize the strategic opportunity brought by the new round of world scientific and technological revolution, give full play to the main role of enterprises, support and guide innovative elements to gather in enterprises, and continuously enhance the innovation power, innovation vitality and innovation strength of enterprises.

　　— — From August 28 to 31, 2013, when the Supreme Leader visited Liaoning, he emphasized that

　　On innovation-driven development strategy

　　If we don’t know how to change, don’t respond to changes, and don’t seek changes, we may fall into strategic passivity, miss development opportunities, or even miss an entire era. Implementing the innovation-driven development strategy is an inevitable choice to cope with the change of development environment, grasp the development autonomy and improve the core competitiveness, accelerate the transformation of economic development mode and solve the deep-seated contradictions and problems in economic development, and better lead the new normal of China’s economic development and maintain the sustained and healthy development of China’s economy. We should thoroughly implement the new development concept, the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the strategy of strengthening the country through talents, the strategy of innovation-driven development, overall planning, strengthening organization and optimizing the overall layout of China’s scientific and technological development.

　　— — On May 30, 2016, the Supreme Leader pointed out when attending the National Science and Technology Innovation Conference, the 18th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences, the 13th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering and the 9th National Congress of China Association for Science and Technology.

　　To implement the innovation-driven development strategy, we must focus on building a technological innovation system that is enterprise-oriented, market-oriented and combined with Industry-University-Research.

　　— — On May 25, 2015, when the Supreme Leader inspected high-tech enterprises and scientific research units in Harbin, he pointed out

　　We will vigorously implement the strategy of innovation-driven development, put more emphasis on innovation, give play to the multiplier effect of innovation to stimulate economic growth, break down institutional and institutional obstacles, and make the market truly become the decisive force for allocating innovation resources and enterprises truly become the main body of technological innovation.

　　— — On November 18, 2015, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his keynote speech at the APEC CEO Summit that

　　China is implementing the innovation-driven development strategy and promoting all-round innovation with scientific and technological innovation as the core. We will strengthen international cooperation in scientific and technological innovation in all directions, actively participate in global innovation networks, join hands with people from all over the world to meet the common challenges facing mankind and achieve common development of all countries.

　　— — In October 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his congratulatory letter to the 2014 Pujiang Innovation Forum that

　　Innovation-driven development is a long-term strategy and the focus of recent work. Party committees and governments at all levels should strengthen organizational leadership, carry forward the spirit of nailing, do a good job in a down-to-earth manner and strive to achieve results.

　　We are faced with dual tasks in implementing the innovation-driven development strategy: on the one hand, we should follow the development direction of global science and technology, strive to catch up, and strive to narrow the gap in key areas and form comparative advantages; On the other hand, we should adhere to the problem orientation and break through the bottleneck of China’s development through innovation.

　　To implement the innovation-driven development strategy, we must firmly grasp the "bull’s nose" of scientific and technological innovation, effectively create an institutional mechanism and a good environment for implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, and accelerate the formation of a new source of development in China.

　　The implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy put forward by the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is to promote all-round innovation with scientific and technological innovation as the core, adhere to the demand orientation and industrialization direction, adhere to the dominant position of enterprises in innovation, give play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and the advantages of the socialist system, enhance the contribution of scientific and technological progress to economic growth, form a new source of growth power, and promote sustained and healthy economic development. The whole party and the whole country should unify their thinking and earnestly raise their awareness.

　　— — On August 18, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the seventh meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group that

　　Implementing the innovation-driven development strategy is a systematic project. Only when scientific and technological achievements are combined with national needs, people’s requirements and market demand, and the three-level leap from scientific research, experimental development and popularization and application can we truly realize innovation value and innovation-driven development.

　　Today, we are closer to the goal of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation than at any time in history, and we are more confident and capable of achieving this goal than at any time in history. To achieve this goal, we must unswervingly implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the strategy of innovation-driven development, and unswervingly follow the road of strengthening the country through science and technology.

　　— — On June 9, 2014, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speeches at the 17th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences and the 12th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering.

　　China is the largest developing country in the world, and development is the key to solving all problems in China. To develop, we must give full play to the role of science and technology as the primary productive force. We regard the innovation-driven development strategy as a major national strategy, make great efforts to promote the innovation of engineering science and technology, and realize the shift from factor-driven development and investment scale-driven development to innovation-driven development.

　　— — On June 3, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his keynote speech at the 2014 International Engineering Science and Technology Conference that

　　To implement the innovation-driven development strategy, we should not "step on the watermelon skin and slide wherever we go", but do a good job in top-level design and task implementation. Top-level design should have a world perspective, identify the development trend of world science and technology, identify the current situation of China’s science and technology development and the path to take, consider the development needs and practical ability, long-term goals and recent work as a whole, do something different, and put forward practical development direction, goals and work priorities. The Ministry of Science and Technology should coordinate relevant departments to do this work well, and mobilize all sectors of science and technology, industry and society to participate extensively.

　　— — On September 30, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the ninth collective study of the 18th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee.

　　Facing the new situation and challenges, we must accelerate the transformation from factor-driven development to innovation-driven development, give play to the supporting and leading role of scientific and technological innovation, and promote the realization of quality, efficiency and sustainable development. This is a major strategic adjustment made with an eye on the overall situation and facing the future, which is of great significance to China’s future development.

　　— — On July 17, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech during the inspection work of China Academy of Sciences

　　We have a solid material foundation accumulated over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, and a series of achievements formed by continuous innovation. We have a good foundation and conditions for implementing the innovation-driven development strategy. Therefore, we should seize and make good use of the important strategic opportunity period of China’s development, thoroughly implement the innovation-driven development strategy, constantly create a new situation of national innovation and development, and accelerate the transition from an economic power to an economic power.

　　Over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, we have relied more on resources, capital, labor and other factors to support rapid economic growth and scale expansion. Today, with the development of reform and opening up, these factors have changed a lot. It is neither the original conditions nor the unbearable resources and environment to develop mainly with these factors as in the past. We must accelerate the transformation from factor-driven development to innovation-driven development, and give play to the supporting and leading role of scientific and technological innovation. This is a major strategy based on the overall situation and facing the future, and it is of great significance to realize the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way by 2020.

　　— — On March 4, 2013, the Supreme Leader’s speech at the joint discussion of the Association for Science and Technology and members of the scientific and technological circles at the first session of the 12th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.

　　Implementing the innovation-driven development strategy is an inevitable requirement and strategic measure to accelerate the transformation of economic development mode and improve China’s comprehensive national strength and international competitiveness. We must firmly grasp the core of scientific and technological innovation and the key to cultivating innovative talents, aim at the frontier fields of science and technology in the world, and constantly improve the independent innovation ability and competitiveness of enterprises.

　　— — On February 2 -5, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during the investigation and investigation in Gansu.

　　We should vigorously implement the innovation-driven development strategy, speed up the improvement of the innovation mechanism, comprehensively promote scientific and technological innovation, enterprise innovation, product innovation, market innovation and brand innovation, accelerate the transformation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces, and promote the close integration of science and technology and economy.

　　— — From December 7 to 11, 2012, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during his inspection work in Guangdong.

　　About independent innovation

　　To achieve the goal of "two hundred years" and realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we must adhere to the road of independent innovation with China characteristics, face the world’s scientific and technological frontier, face the main battlefield of the economy, face the major needs of the country, accelerate scientific and technological innovation in various fields, and grasp the opportunities of global scientific and technological competition. This is the starting point of our proposal to build a world power in science and technology.

　　— — On May 30, 2016, the top leaders emphasized when attending the National Science and Technology Innovation Conference, the 18th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences, the 13th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering and the 9th National Congress of China Association for Science and Technology.

　　The gap between China and developed countries in scientific and technological economic strength is mainly reflected in innovation ability. To improve the innovation ability, we must consolidate the material and technical foundation of independent innovation and speed up the construction of the innovation basic platform led by the national laboratory.

　　— — On October 26, 2015, the Supreme Leader emphasized in the explanation of "the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China’s Proposal on Formulating the Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development"

　　Implementing the innovation-driven development strategy lies in enhancing the ability of independent innovation. Facing the new trend of scientific and technological innovation, major countries in the world are looking for a breakthrough in scientific and technological innovation to seize the opportunity of future economic and technological development. We can’t fall behind in this big field of scientific and technological innovation. We must catch up, catch up, strive to surpass, win the initiative, win the advantage and win the future. At this stage of China’s development, it is not only impossible to get the key core technology from others, but also very difficult to get the general high technology. In western developed countries, there is a psychology of teaching apprentices and starving their masters, so the foothold should be on independent innovation.

　　— — On March 5, 2015, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech during the deliberation of the Shanghai delegation at the Third Session of the 12th National People’s Congress

　　The key is to determine the correct follow-up and breakthrough strategy. We should follow the principle of active follow-up, careful selection and doing something different, improve technical cognition, strengthen original design, develop a unique "killer weapon" and ensure that we are not attacked by the enemy. For those who are sure, we should plan ahead, increase investment and accelerate the pace of catching up.

　　— — On December 3, 2014, when attending the equipment work conference of the whole army, the Supreme Leader emphasized that

　　With the development of globalization, informationization and networking, the elements of innovation are more open and fluid, and innovation cannot be carried out behind closed doors. We should adhere to the combination of "bringing in" and "going out", actively integrate into the global innovation network, and comprehensively improve the level of international cooperation in China’s scientific and technological innovation.

　　We should comprehensively judge the general trend of world scientific and technological innovation and industrial transformation, not only pay attention to the problem of not falling behind, but also determine the follow-up and breakthrough strategies from the national conditions, and make clear the main direction and breakthrough of China’s scientific and technological innovation according to the principle of active follow-up, careful selection and doing something. For the right direction, we should plan ahead, increase investment, focus on overcoming a number of key core technologies, accelerate catching up and even lead the pace.

　　— — On August 18, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the seventh meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group that

　　There is no end to technological innovation. Competition in science and technology is like short track speed skating. We are accelerating, and others are accelerating. Finally, it depends on who is faster and whose speed is more sustainable.

　　Only by mastering the core technology in our own hands can we truly grasp the initiative of competition and development and fundamentally guarantee the national economic security, national defense security and other security. You can’t always dress up your own tomorrow with someone else’s yesterday. You can’t always rely on other people’s scientific and technological achievements to improve your own scientific and technological level, let alone be a technical vassal of other countries and always follow others. We have no other choice but to take the road of independent innovation.

　　Facing the future and enhancing the ability of independent innovation, the most important thing is to unswervingly follow the road of independent innovation with China characteristics, adhere to the policy of independent innovation, focusing on leapfrogging, supporting development and leading the future, and accelerate the pace of building an innovative country.

　　— — On June 9, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speeches at the 17th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences and the 12th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering.

　　We must have confidence in the world’s advanced level, which also stems from the confidence in our road, theory, system and culture.

　　— — On May 23 and 24, 2014, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during his inspection tour in Shanghai that

　　The importance of information core technologies such as computer operating system and information infrastructure is obvious, and the problem that we are controlled by people in some key technologies and equipment must be solved as soon as possible. It is necessary to focus on national security and long-term development, pay close attention to planning and formulating the development strategy of core technologies and equipment and make a clear timetable, vigorously carry forward the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" and manned space flight, intensify independent innovation, select breakthrough points after scientific evaluation, give strong support in policies, resources and other aspects, and concentrate superior forces to jointly tackle key problems to achieve breakthroughs, so as to promote them from point to area and provide a strong guarantee for ensuring information security and national security.

　　— — On December 20, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in an instruction on a proposal of China Academy of Engineering that

　　At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is gestating, and the new military revolution in the world is accelerating. We should assess the situation, seize the opportunity and seize the initiative. It is necessary to grasp the "bull’s nose", regard the weak links in national defense science and technology and weapons and equipment construction as the main direction of promoting independent innovation, select the breakthrough point, strengthen pre-research and exploration, and strive to occupy a place in the forward-looking and strategic fields.

　　Practice tells us that the real core key technology cannot be bought with money, and it is unreliable to rely on imported weapons and equipment. It is not far to take the road of introducing imitation. If we want to take the initiative in the fierce international military competition, we must vigorously promote scientific and technological progress and innovation and greatly improve the independent innovation ability of national defense science and technology.

　　— — On November 5, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized during his inspection of National University of Defense Technology.

　　We emphasize independent innovation, and we never want to engage in innovation behind closed doors. Under the background of the deepening development of economic globalization, the flow of innovative resources is accelerating around the world, and the economic and scientific ties between countries are closer. It is impossible for any country to solve all the innovation problems by its own efforts. It is necessary to deepen international exchanges and cooperation, make full use of global innovation resources, promote independent innovation at a higher starting point, and work together with the international scientific and technological community to make due contributions to meeting common global challenges.

　　Some people think that scientific and technological innovation is far from being thirsty for economic and social development. As a result, it is important to scientific and technological work in practical work, secondary to it, and not busy. This kind of thinking and practice must be corrected. A lot of scientific research may be tomorrow’s work, but if we don’t start today, it will really become "far water" when necessary. How can China’s science and technology catch up with the international advanced level? We should adopt an "asymmetric" strategy, give full play to our own advantages, and make great efforts in key areas and places where we are stuck.

　　— — On September 30, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the ninth collective study of the 18th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee.

　　In general, we should see that we are taking the road of independent innovation with China characteristics, which is the only way and must be unswervingly pursued. Now it has achieved good results, and practice has proved that it can do a lot, and it is the most reliable support point for modernization.

　　— — On August 21, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech when listening to the report of the Ministry of Science and Technology

　　A country’s large economy does not represent strength. We are a big country, and we should have our own things in scientific and technological innovation. We must unswervingly follow the road of independent innovation with China characteristics, cultivate and attract talents, promote the close integration of science and technology and economy, and truly implement the innovation-driven development strategy.

　　— — On July 21 -23, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during his inspection work in Hubei.

　　"Learning is expensive and knowing doubts, small doubts are small, and big doubts are big." To innovate, we must have a strong sense of innovation, and we must have the drive to get to the bottom of everything, dare to question existing theories, dare to open up new directions, overcome difficulties and pursue Excellence.

　　— — On July 17, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during the inspection work of China Academy of Sciences that

　　Have a strong sense of innovation and self-confidence. We should introduce and learn from the world’s advanced scientific and technological achievements, but also take the road that our predecessors have never taken, and strive to make great achievements in independent innovation. If you always follow imitation, there is no way out. We must focus on improving the ability of independent innovation, accelerate the promotion of major national science and technology projects, deepen knowledge innovation and technological innovation, enhance the ability of original innovation, integrated innovation and introduction, digestion, absorption and re-innovation, and continuously achieve fundamental, strategic and original major achievements.

　　— — On July 17, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech during the inspection work of China Academy of Sciences

　　We should adhere to the policy of independent innovation, focusing on leapfrogging, supporting development and leading the future, plan and promote innovation with a global perspective, improve the environment for talent development, strive to achieve major breakthroughs in advantageous fields and key technologies, and form a number of core technologies that will drive industrial development as soon as possible. It is necessary to speed up the strategic adjustment of the economic structure, adhere to the integrated development of the three, two and one industries, and raise the level of advanced manufacturing as a whole.

　　— — On March 5, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during the deliberation of the Shanghai delegation at the First Session of the 12th National People’s Congress.

　　Enhance self-confidence in innovation. After long-term efforts, we have approached or reached the world advanced level in some fields, and some fields are changing from "runners" to "runners" and "leaders", and we are fully capable of achieving greater leaps at a new starting point. The vast number of scientific and technological workers in our country must have this confidence and determination.

　　Unswervingly follow the road of independent innovation with China characteristics. This road has advantages. The greatest advantage is that China’s socialist system can concentrate on doing great things, which is an important magic weapon for our achievements. In the past, we relied on this magic weapon to achieve "two bombs and one satellite", and we will also rely on this magic weapon to promote innovation and leap forward in the future. It is necessary to combine the new conditions of the socialist market economy, give full play to our advantages, strengthen overall planning and coordination, promote collaborative innovation, optimize the innovation environment, and form a strong synergy to promote innovation. We should make up our minds as soon as possible to implement major special projects and major projects and organize the whole society to promote them.

　　— — On March 4, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech when he participated in the joint discussion of the Association for Science and Technology and members of the scientific and technological circles at the first session of the 12th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.

　　On the reform of science and technology system

　　We should focus on promoting scientific and technological innovation and lead the profound changes in the scientific and technological system and its related systems. It is necessary to formulate and implement policies to encourage technological innovation in enterprises and strengthen support for technological innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises. It is necessary to optimize the layout of scientific research institutes and research universities, strengthen the discipline foundation, and cultivate the growing point of emerging interdisciplinary subjects. We should respect the law of regional agglomeration of scientific and technological innovation and build a number of innovative cities and regional innovation centers with strong driving force.

　　— — On May 30, 2016, the top leaders emphasized when attending the National Science and Technology Innovation Conference, the 18th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences, the 13th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering and the 9th National Congress of China Association for Science and Technology.

　　Grasping innovation means grasping development, and seeking innovation means seeking the future. If you don’t innovate, you will fall behind, and if you innovate slowly, you will fall behind. It is necessary to stimulate and mobilize the innovation passion of the whole society, continue to exert its strength, and accelerate the formation of an economic system and development model with innovation as the main guide and support. We should actively create a policy environment and institutional environment conducive to innovation, and the government can adopt some reasonable and differentiated incentive policies for those that are certain and really need support. It is necessary to improve financial services and unblock the channels for finance to enter the real economy, especially small and medium-sized enterprises and small and micro enterprises.

　　— — On July 17, 2015, the supreme leader emphasized in his speech at the symposium of leading comrades of some provincial party committees held in Changchun.

　　To promote scientific and technological innovation, we must break down institutional and institutional obstacles. At present, the problem of unsmooth transformation of scientific and technological achievements is prominent. An important crux is that the closed self-circulation of scientific research achievements is serious. We must deploy innovation chain around the industrial chain to face the main battlefield of economic and social development and eliminate the "island phenomenon" in scientific and technological innovation. We should pay attention to breaking through the institutional obstacles that restrict the organic combination of Industry-University-Research’s use, highlight the decisive role of the market in the allocation of innovative resources, highlight the dominant position of enterprises’ innovation, and promote the gathering of various innovative elements of people, money and goods to enterprises, so as to make the innovation achievements transform into real productive forces more quickly. It is necessary to promote collaborative innovation, improve the innovation service support system, strengthen the use and protection of intellectual property rights, and maintain a fair market order.

　　— — On March 5, 2015, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during the deliberation of the Shanghai delegation at the Third Session of the 12th National People’s Congress.

　　On the whole, in some localities and departments, the problems of scattered, closed and repeated construction of scientific and technological resources are more prominent, and many scientific research facilities and instruments are repeatedly built and purchased, which is serious in idle waste and low in professional service capacity. From the height of perfecting the national innovation system and improving the innovation ability of the whole society, through deepening reform and institutional innovation, we should open the major national scientific research infrastructure and large scientific research instruments formed by public financial investment to the society, so that they can better serve scientific and technological innovation and society. To promote this reform, it is necessary to refine and publicize the relevant implementation methods, strengthen overall coordination, and some exploratory issues can be piloted first.

　　— — On October 27, 2014, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the sixth meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform that

　　There are many problems in the system layout, management system, operation mechanism and overall performance of our science and technology plan, which are highlighted in the fragmentation of the science and technology plan and insufficient focus on the orientation of scientific research projects. It is necessary to completely change the pattern of multi-disciplinary administration and water control in Kowloon, adhere to the allocation of resources based on target results and performance appraisal, coordinate scientific and technological resources, establish an open and unified national scientific and technological management platform, and build a scientific and technological planning system and management system with reasonable overall layout, clear functional positioning and China characteristics, so as to promote the reform in other aspects of science and technology and create a good institutional guarantee for implementing the innovation-driven development strategy.

　　— — On September 29, 2014, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the fifth meeting of the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform that

　　Pay close attention to the revision and improvement of relevant laws and regulations, complete the revision of the law on promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements as soon as possible, speed up the revision of laws and regulations on standardization law, anti-monopoly law, company law and intellectual property protection, and study and formulate the trade secret protection law, service invention regulations, angel investment regulations, etc.

　　To deepen the reform in an all-round way, we should plan and promote it around making enterprises the main body of innovation and accelerating the deep integration of Industry-University-Research. It is necessary to establish a sound property rights protection system, create a good environment for equal competition, encourage enterprises to increase investment in scientific and technological research and development, and increase support for innovative small and micro enterprises. It is necessary to eliminate the distortion of economic levers such as prices, interest rates and exchange rates, strengthen the venture capital mechanism, develop the capital market, enhance the flexibility of the labor market, and form a fiscal, taxation and financial system conducive to innovation and development.

　　— — On August 18, 2014, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the seventh meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group that

　　The reform of the scientific and technological system should firmly grasp the "hard bones" and overcome difficulties, and accelerate the implementation of the tasks of the scientific and technological system reform set by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee. We should focus on putting scientific and technological innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, speed up the formulation of the top-level design of the innovation-driven development strategy, and have a road map and timetable for major tasks.

　　If scientific and technological innovation is compared to the new engine of China’s development, then reform is the essential ignition system to ignite this new engine. We should take more effective measures to improve the ignition system and start the new engine driven by innovation at full speed.

　　— — On June 9, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speeches at the 17th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences and the 12th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering.

　　It is necessary to increase the benefits of science and technology to people’s livelihood and promote the close integration of scientific and technological innovation with people’s livelihood. It is necessary to explore the establishment of an efficient and collaborative innovation system, speed up the reform of the scientific and technological system, solve the three basic problems of "who will innovate", "where will the power come from" and "how to use the achievements", and cultivate a good innovation pattern of combining Industry-University-Research, connecting the upper, middle and lower reaches, and coordinating large, medium and small enterprises.

　　— — On May 23 and 24, 2014, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during his inspection tour in Shanghai that

　　Actively carry out research and development cooperation on major scientific and technological projects, support enterprises to build a number of innovative entities in Industry-University-Research with universities and research institutes across regions, and jointly create a strategic highland for innovation and development.

　　The government should concentrate on a few strategic, overall and forward-looking major innovation projects. The government should do a good job in strengthening intellectual property protection and improving tax policies to promote enterprise innovation. It is necessary to strengthen incentives and make good use of talents so that inventors and innovators can share the benefits of innovation reasonably. It is necessary to speed up the establishment of a mechanism that mainly evaluates technological innovation achievements by the market, break the bottleneck that hinders the transformation of technological achievements, and accelerate the transformation of innovative achievements into real productive forces.

　　— — On December 10, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the Central Economic Work Conference that

　　With the continuous development of science and technology, the characteristics of multi-disciplinary professional cross-clustering and multi-field technology integration are increasingly prominent. It is difficult to make great achievements by single-handedly, and we must rely on team strength to gather wisdom to tackle key problems. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of independent innovation teams, do a good job in integrating scientific research forces and resources, improve the collaborative innovation mechanism with universities, research institutes, enterprises and governments, maximize the advantages of all aspects, and form an overall synergy to promote scientific and technological innovation.

　　— — On November 5, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized during his inspection of National University of Defense Technology.

　　We already have the material and technical foundation for independent innovation. The urgent task is to speed up the pace of reform, improve the incentive mechanism, improve the policy environment, and stimulate the enthusiasm and initiative of scientific and technological innovation from both material and spiritual aspects. It is necessary to strengthen basic frontier research, strategic high-tech research and social welfare technology research as major basic projects, enhance foresight and foresight, and improve the level of original innovation. We should adhere to the orientation of science and technology towards economic and social development, deploy innovation chain around the industrial chain, improve the capital chain around innovation chain, eliminate the "isolated island phenomenon" in scientific and technological innovation, break down the obstacles that restrict the transfer and diffusion of scientific and technological achievements, and enhance the overall efficiency of the national innovation system. In particular, it is necessary to strengthen organizational integration driven by innovation.

　　— — On September 30, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the ninth collective study of the 18th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee.

　　It is necessary to strengthen planning and key support, give priority to supporting scientific and technological fields that promote the transformation of economic development mode and open up new economic growth points, focus on breaking through bottlenecks that restrict the sustainable development of China’s economy and society, strengthen the deployment of emerging frontier cross-fields, and lay a solid scientific foundation.

　　— — On July 17, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during the inspection work of China Academy of Sciences that

　　It is necessary to deepen the reform of the scientific and technological system, resolutely remove the institutional obstacles that hinder the improvement of scientific and technological innovation ability, effectively open up the channel of scientific and technological and economic transfer and transformation, optimize the supply of scientific and technological policies, improve the scientific and technological evaluation system, and create a good innovation environment.

　　Implementing the innovation-driven development strategy and improving the ability of independent innovation is the key link, and improving the ability of independent innovation needs to be guaranteed from various aspects such as system and mechanism.

　　— — On March 4, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech when he participated in the joint discussion of the Association for Science and Technology and members of the scientific and technological circles at the first session of the 12th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.

　　The essential effect of innovation is to survive the fittest, break the old and establish the new. We should focus on building a technological innovation system that is enterprise-oriented, market-oriented and combined with Industry-University-Research, pay attention to giving full play to entrepreneurial talents, speed up scientific and technological innovation, strengthen product innovation, brand innovation, industrial organization innovation and business model innovation, improve effective supply and create effective demand.

　　— — On December 15, 2012, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the Central Economic Work Conference that

　　About gathering talents

　　We should thoroughly implement the new development concept, the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education and the strategy of strengthening the country through talents, the strategy of innovation-driven development, overall planning, strengthening organization and optimizing the overall layout of China’s scientific and technological development.

　　It is necessary to give full play to the leading role of the highest academic institutions, grasp the general trend of world science and technology development, and keenly grasp the new direction of the scientific and technological revolution. I hope that the academicians will play a leading role in science and technology, unite and lead the national scientific and technological circles, especially the vast number of young scientific and technological talents, to make contributions to building a world science and technology power.

　　— — On May 30, 2016, the top leaders emphasized when attending the National Science and Technology Innovation Conference, the 18th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences, the 13th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering and the 9th National Congress of China Association for Science and Technology.

　　It is necessary to intensify the implementation of the reform, implement the Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the System and Mechanism of Talent Development, accelerate the construction of a globally competitive talent system, and gather talents from all over the world to use it. Efforts should be made to break down institutional and institutional barriers, delegate power to the employing body, untie talents, and let talents innovate and create generate with full vitality, so that talents in all fields can find their proper places and give full play to their strengths.

　　It is necessary to speed up the construction of a more scientific and efficient talent management system, follow the laws of socialist market economy and talent growth, change the government’s talent management function, guarantee and implement the autonomy of employers, improve the market-oriented and socialized talent management service system, and better stimulate the innovation and creativity of talents.

　　— — On May 6, 2016, when the Supreme Leader made important instructions on deepening the reform of the talent development system and mechanism, he emphasized that

　　Party committees and governments at all levels should earnestly respect knowledge and talents, fully trust intellectuals, speed up the formation of institutional mechanisms conducive to the entrepreneurship of intellectual officers, and let intellectuals fully release their talents and energy.

　　— — On April 26, 2016, when the Supreme Leader hosted a symposium of intellectuals, model workers and youth representatives in Hefei, Anhui Province and delivered an important speech, he emphasized that

　　We must thoroughly implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talents, and innovation-driven development, take improving the overall quality of the workforce as a strategic task, help employees learn new knowledge, master new skills, and grow new skills, expand the space for employees and laborers to grow into talents, guide them to establish lifelong learning concepts, and constantly improve their ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality.

　　— — On April 28, 2015, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the celebration of the May 1 International Labor Day and the National Congress of Model Workers and Advanced Workers.

　　"It takes merit to become a success, and the industry is wide." Talent is the foundation of innovation, and the innovation drive is essentially talent-driven. Whoever has first-class innovative talents will have the advantages and dominance of scientific and technological innovation. Introducing a group of talents can sometimes revitalize an enterprise or even incite an industry. Choose the best people in the world and use them. The talent base in Shanghai is good, but it is necessary to implement a more active policy of introducing innovative talents and gather a group of leading talents who are at the forefront of science and technology in the industry and have international vision and ability. It is necessary to establish a more flexible talent management mechanism, strengthen distribution incentives, so that scientific and technological personnel and innovative talents can get reasonable returns, create value through scientific and technological innovation, and achieve a double harvest of wealth and career.

　　— — On March 5, 2015, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during the deliberation of the Shanghai delegation at the Third Session of the 12th National People’s Congress.

　　Since the reform and opening up, we have learned to attract investment. Now, it is necessary to learn to attract investment and attract talents, and sometimes it is necessary to recruit talents first.

　　Talent is the foundation and core element of innovation. The innovation drive is essentially a talent drive. In order to accelerate the formation of an innovative talent team with large scale, innovative spirit and dare to take risks, we should focus on making good use, attracting and cultivating.

　　— — On August 18, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the seventh meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Leading Group that

　　We should establish a correct view of talents, cultivate and practice socialist core values, strive to improve the quality of personnel training, carry forward the glorious work, valuable skills and create a great fashion of the times, create a good environment in which everyone can become a talent and give full play to their talents, and strive to train hundreds of millions of high-quality workers and technical and skilled personnel.

　　— — In June 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his instruction on accelerating the development of vocational education that

　　"If you have extraordinary merits, you must treat extraordinary people." People are the most critical factor in scientific and technological innovation. Innovative career calls for innovative talents. Respect for talents is a long tradition of the Chinese nation. "Emperor toast, born in this kingdom. Kingdom Kesheng, Wei Zhouzhi; Zizhitus, Wen Wang Yining. " This is the words in The Book of Songs, Elegance and King of Literature. It is said that Zhou Wenwang respects sages and courtiers, and his talents are numerous, so his country is strong. Talent comes first. To realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the more talents, the better, and the greater the ability, the better. China is a big country in human resources and intellectual resources, and the intellectual resources in the brains of more than 1.3 billion people in China are the most precious. Knowledge is power and talent is the future. If China wants to be at the forefront of the world in scientific and technological innovation, it must find talents in innovation practice, cultivate talents in innovation activities and unite talents in innovation undertakings, and must vigorously cultivate innovative scientific and technological talents with large scale, reasonable structure and excellent quality.

　　— — On June 9, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speeches at the 17th Academician Conference of China Academy of Sciences and the 12th Academician Conference of China Academy of Engineering.

　　Firmly grasp the big measures to gather talents. "It takes merit to become a talent, and the industry is wide." Talent is the first resource of innovation. Without talent advantage, there can be no innovation advantage, scientific and technological advantage and industrial advantage. To cultivate talents, we should have a discerning eye, courage to use talents, magnanimity to accommodate talents and a good prescription to gather talents, improve the system and mechanism to gather talents and give full play to their functions, and create a policy environment in which people can make the best use of their talents. It is necessary to give full play to the role of existing talents, and at the same time, recruit talents from all sides and choose talents from all over the world to use them. It is necessary to strengthen the construction of innovative conditions in scientific research institutes and institutions of higher learning, improve the mechanism for the use and protection of intellectual property rights, stimulate the innovative vitality of scientific researchers, and let the innovative wisdom of all kinds of talents compete with generate.

　　— — On May 23 and 24, 2014, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during his inspection tour in Shanghai that

　　The Chinese nation has always had a fine tradition of loving talents in Shang Xian. Now, more than at any time in history, we need to broaden the road to talents and recruit talents from all over the world. It is necessary to implement a more open talent policy, not only introducing talents from regions, but also not seeking all talents for development. We should make good use of talents in an eclectic way. While vigorously cultivating domestic innovative talents, we should also actively introduce foreign talents, especially high-level talents, and warmly welcome foreign experts and outstanding talents to participate in China’s modernization in various ways. We should actively create a good atmosphere of respect, care and support for foreign talents’ innovation and entrepreneurship, fully trust them and let them use them freely, so that all kinds of talents can find their proper places and talents from all walks of life can show their strengths.

　　— — On May 22, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his talk with foreign experts that

　　The key to selecting and using talents in the world is to adhere to the principle that the Party governs talents, follow the laws of the socialist market economy and the growth of talents, strive to break the ideological concepts that constrain the development of talents, promote institutional mechanism reform and policy innovation, fully stimulate the creative vitality of all kinds of talents, and promote the wind of recognizing, loving, respecting and using talents in the whole society, so as to create a vivid situation in which everyone can become a talent and give full play to their talents.

　　— — On May 13, 2014, the Supreme Leader pointed out in the instruction of the Report of the Central Coordination Group on Talent Work in 2013 that

　　We have problems in funding and equipment, but the core issue is talent. Countries without money can gradually increase investment, and countries without equipment can step up research and development, but with money and equipment, they can’t do without talents. At present, the technical composition of the army is becoming more and more complex, and the knowledge-intensive level is constantly improving. What is important in fighting is integrated joint operations. Science and technology have an increasingly profound influence on the form and mode of warfare. Without high scientific and technological quality and military skills, even weapons and equipment cannot be operated, let alone battles and victories.

　　— — On November 5, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized during his inspection of National University of Defense Technology.

　　Rejuvenating the country through science and education has become the basic national policy of China. We will adhere to the concept that science and technology are the primary productive force and talents are the primary resource, absorb all kinds of advanced international experience, promote educational reform, improve the quality of education, cultivate more and higher-quality talents, and provide a broader world for all kinds of talents to play their roles and display their talents.

　　— — On October 23, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech when meeting with overseas members of the Advisory Committee of Tsinghua University Institute of Economics and Management.

　　"The rule of the world lies in talents." Talent is an important indicator to measure a country’s comprehensive national strength. Without a large contingent of high-quality talents, the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way and the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation will be difficult to achieve smoothly.

　　In today’s world, the competition of comprehensive national strength is becoming increasingly fierce, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is gestating and rising, and the energy of change and breakthrough is accumulating. In the final analysis, the competition of comprehensive national strength is talent competition. As the first resource of economic and social development, the characteristics and functions of talent resources are more obvious, and talent competition has become the core of comprehensive national strength competition. Whoever can train and attract more outstanding talents will have an advantage in the competition.

　　— — On October 21, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech at the centenary celebration meeting of the European and American Alumni Association that

　　Human resources are the first resource and the most active and positive factor in innovation activities. To promote scientific and technological innovation, we must build a team of innovative talents with large scale, reasonable structure and excellent quality. On the one hand, China has a large number of scientific and technological talents, on the other hand, it faces the prominent contradiction of insufficient talent structure, especially in major scientific research projects, major projects, key disciplines and other fields. The key to solving this contradiction is to reform and improve the talent development mechanism.

　　— — On September 30, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the ninth collective study of the 18th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee.

　　Talent work is very important, rejuvenating the country through science and education, strengthening the country through talents and combining with Industry-University-Research are all closely related to education. Science and technology education should do a good job in division of labor and cooperation, and at the same time, we should constantly improve a series of policies for training, using and managing innovative talents, and now we should do a good job in the existing talent plan.

　　— — On August 21, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech when listening to the report of the Ministry of Science and Technology

　　"A year’s plan is like a tree valley; Ten years’ plan is nothing more than trees; A lifelong plan is nothing more than a tree. " We should vigorously create a good atmosphere of being brave in innovation, encouraging success and tolerating failure in the whole society, and provide a broader world for talents to play their roles and display their talents, so that they can make the best use of their talents.

　　To build an innovative country and contribute to the development of science and technology in the world, we must have a strategic scientific and technological force capable of fighting tough battles, big battles and winning battles, and a number of world-class scientific research institutions. I hope that you will play a leading and exemplary role, give full play to the advantages of integrating scientific research institutes, departments and educational institutions, adhere to the road of independent innovation with China characteristics, and take the lead in building a first-class scientific research institution with important influence, attraction and competitiveness in the international scientific and technological field.

　　— — On July 17, 2013, the Supreme Leader pointed out in his speech during the inspection work of China Academy of Sciences

　　We should establish a strong sense of talents, look for talents and be eager for talents, find that talents are extremely valuable, recommend talents in an eclectic way, and use talents to their best.

　　— — On June 28, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech at the National Organizational Work Conference that

　　Strengthen the construction of scientific and technological talents. Talent is the key to promoting independent innovation. Without the backing of a strong talent team, independent innovation is water without a source and a tree without a foundation. It is necessary to recruit talents, develop and make good use of both international and domestic talent resources, and improve the talent introduction policy system. I have said that we should adhere to the principle of taking use as the basis, introduce as needed, and focus on introducing strategic talents and leading talents who can break through key technologies, develop high-tech industries and drive emerging disciplines. We should use talents freely and create a good atmosphere in the whole society to encourage bold innovation, be brave in innovation and tolerate innovation. We should not only attach importance to success, but also tolerate failure, so as to provide a broader world for talents to play their roles and display their talents, so that they can make the best use of their talents and achieve something. It is necessary to improve the mechanism of promoting talents to stand out, improve the mechanism of talent discovery, select talents in an eclectic way, and cultivate a grand team of innovative young talents with innovative vitality. It is necessary to encourage talents to inherit the traditional virtue of the Chinese nation of "worrying about the world first and enjoying the world later", combine personal ideals with the realization of the Chinese dream, work hard, and dedicate their wisdom and strength to the great struggle to realize the Chinese dream.

　　— — On March 4, 2013, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech when he participated in the joint discussion of the Association for Science and Technology and members of the scientific and technological circles at the first session of the 12th Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.

　　Comprehensive national strength competition is ultimately talent competition. Which country has the talent advantage, which country will have the strength advantage in the end. This is what foreign countries see as the potential of China. With so many people in China, with education, talents will emerge like a blowout in the future. This is the most competitive. To take the road of innovation and development, we must first pay attention to gathering innovative talents. It is necessary to give full play to the role of existing talents, and at the same time open the door to recruit talents from all sides, recruit international talents, and choose the best talents in the world to use them. Party committees and governments at all levels should actively explore the system and mechanism of gathering talents and giving full play to their roles, improve relevant policies, further create a policy environment in which talents can be brought into full play, and give full play to the subjective initiative of outstanding talents.

　　— — From December 7 to 11, 2012, the Supreme Leader emphasized in his speech during his inspection work in Guangdong.