标签归档 武汉耍耍网

　　Fu kai mei Xue Jing China petroleum & petrochemical research institute

　　At present, global petroleum and petrochemical companies are accelerating the pace of low-carbon transformation, and biochemistry has become one of the key areas of common concern for all companies. ExxonMobil, as the world’s leading integrated upstream and downstream oil company, has advantages in resources, technology, market and other aspects. Many years ago, ExxonMobil took biochemistry as a part of its business layout and achieved certain results.

　　Development course of biochemical business

　　According to different business positioning and development priorities, the development of ExxonMobil’s biochemical business can be roughly divided into two stages.

　　The first stage (2009— 2016): Forward-looking layout. Exxonmobil believes that microalgae is a more potential raw material for producing biofuels in the future compared with corn and straw, so it takes the third generation biofuel based on microalgae as the entry point for the company to enter the biochemical field, and invests a lot of money in key layout. In 2009, ExxonMobil invested $600 million to develop microalgae biofuels in cooperation with the biotechnology company Synthetic Genomics. In 2015, we invested USD 1 million to cooperate with Michigan State University to improve the production efficiency of algae oil and microalgae products. In addition, we also cooperated with Colorado University of Mining and Technology to conduct basic research on algae photosynthesis and carbon sequestration.

　　The second stage (2016-present): strategic adjustment. After more than 10 years of exploration in the field of microalgae biofuels, ExxonMobil believes that this technology is still far from industrialization (it will only be competitive when the price of crude oil reaches 500 US dollars/barrel), and then its layout will focus on the second generation biofuels with agricultural and forestry wastes and waste oils as raw materials. The company has stopped investing in the microalgae project of Colorado University of Mining and Technology and the biotechnology company Viridos (formerly known as Synthetic Genomics). At the same time, cooperate with REG, a renewable energy group, to study the production of biodiesel from agricultural wastes; Cooperate with Colijn Company to expand raw materials to different kinds of cellulose; Acquisition of a 49.9% stake in Biojet, a Norwegian biofuel company, to enhance the supply capacity of biofuels.

　　Strategic analysis of biochemical business development

　　Since 2009, although the development of global liquid biofuels once fell into a trough, ExxonMobil has kept its biofuel business in several business restructurings, and explored the technology of making biofuels and biochemicals from different biomass raw materials. Its development strategy has the following three characteristics.

　　First, relying on its own development orientation and advanced layout, biofuel technology is taken as the breakthrough point of biochemical business layout. Because the fuel business is the absolute advantage of ExxonMobil, it chose to start from this field when laying out its biochemical business, and turned its eyes to microalgae with more potential in the future to become a leader in this field. Recently, although the focus of ExxonMobil’s layout has shifted, it is still based on the fuel field, and its target is mainly the second-generation biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel with supply gap in the current market. In terms of technical route, it has developed the second generation biodiesel production process based on cellulose biological enzyme conversion, which has been successfully applied to automobiles and heavy trucks; The pretreatment of forest waste based on traditional chemical transformation — Gasification — Fischer-Tropsch synthesis process can produce the second generation biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel. In addition to cooperative development, ExxonMobil also increased the supply of low-carbon fuel through mergers and acquisitions of mature enterprises and procurement.

　　Second, based on the breakthrough in biofuel production, it gradually expanded to the research and exploration of raw materials and products. On the one hand, ExxonMobil continues to expand the range of raw materials and explore the feasibility of vegetable oil, waste cooking oil, alcohol and carbon dioxide as sustainable raw materials. For example, converting biomass and waste into renewable methanol to produce sustainable aviation fuel; Convert the captured carbon dioxide into sustainable aviation fuel. On the other hand, we will expand product varieties and develop bio-based lubricant base oil and other products besides biodiesel and sustainable aviation fuel. For example, we cooperated with the University of Wisconsin to carry out a joint research project on biomass upgrading technology to increase the added value of bio-based products through further reaction.

　　The third is to take rapid breakthrough as the development goal and adopt different R&D models based on its own R&D foundation. ExxonMobil’s bio-fuel technology route is mainly divided into two categories: one is bio-refining technology route based on traditional refining, and the other is industrial biotechnology route based on fermentation and enzyme catalysis. For the former, ExxonMobil has accumulated profound research, focusing on independent research and development. Aiming at the utilization of biomass raw materials such as vegetable oil and restaurant waste oil, it developed proprietary technology EMRD^TM and dewaxing catalyst BIDW^TM. By hydrodeoxygenation and isomerization of triglycerides, the second generation biodiesel (or sustainable aviation fuel) was obtained, and the product had good low-temperature fluidity. For industrial biotechnology, ExxonMobil mainly develops through cooperation with mature companies and universities. For example, we cooperated with REG and Colijn Company to produce biodiesel from renewable cellulose sugar from fermented agricultural wastes, so as to improve the conversion rate and biodiesel yield.

　　Suggestions to China’s petroleum and petrochemical companies

　　In May, 2022, the National Development and Reform Commission issued the "Tenth Five-Year Plan for Bio-economic Development", which put forward the objectives of bio-economic development and defined four key development areas, including the substitute application of biomass, and pressed the acceleration button for the development of biochemical industry. By analyzing the development experience of ExxonMobil, the following three suggestions are put forward for the development of biochemical business of China’s petrochemical companies.

　　First, seize the opportunity of the times, coordinate the overall layout of the company’s business, and do a good job in top-level design. China’s petroleum and petrochemical companies should seize the opportunity period of bio-economy, base on the company’s goal of low-carbon development and energy transformation, and combine their own development characteristics and foundations to select and focus on appropriate biochemical business segments, such as biofuels or bio-based chemicals. Coordinate and optimize the overall layout of biochemical business and its existing business, do a good job in top-level design and formulate practical implementation paths, give full play to the advantages of biochemical technology such as negative carbon attributes, high reaction efficiency and reduced dependence on crude oil, and help the company to transform into a green and low-carbon company.

　　Second, in the early stage of new business development, expand open cooperation and technology introduction to seize market opportunities. For China’s petrochemical enterprises, compared with the traditional refining and chemical business, the biochemical business is relatively new. When entering a new field, we can refer to ExxonMobil’s development strategy, speed up technological breakthrough by cooperating with leading enterprises in the industry or introducing technology, realize the large-scale application of key biochemical technologies as soon as possible, and seize market opportunities. For example, relying on the company’s existing technology and equipment, biomass oil products with relatively stable quantity and properties can be obtained through cooperation with biomass oil producers to replace part of crude oil and produce biofuels and bio-based chemicals with mixed feed.

　　Third, when the business development enters a mature stage, strengthen the forward-looking technology reserve and create a competitive advantage. At present, global scientific and technological innovation has entered an unprecedented intensive active period, and new technologies such as synthetic biology and gene editing are reconstructing the competitive pattern of various industries. With the biochemical business of China’s petrochemical companies on the right track, it is suggested that they closely follow the development trend of scientific and technological innovation in the field, rely on the company’s existing technological innovation system, focus on the bottleneck and demand of industrial development, start with basic research, develop forward-looking technology and subversive technology reserves, and strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights of related technologies to create new competitive advantages in the biochemical field.

When Putin rose, he simply took off his shirt and went fishing naked.

President Putin strolled along the Yenisei River.

　　　　Guangzhou Daily reported on August 24th that when Russian President Vladimir Putin showed off the diplomatic and military "muscles" of great powers, he was undoubtedly always able to impress the whole world. But perhaps few people can think that Putin can stimulate a large number of eyeballs when he reveals his real muscles. The photos he took topless during his vacation in Siberia last week are still talked about by many Russians.

　　　　The president undressed.

　　　　During his vacation in Siberia with Prince Albert II, head of state of Monaco, from August 13th to 15th, Putin showed the little-known side of the Russian leader.

　　　　Putin changed his formal attire of suit and tie, put on sunglasses, sun hat and jeans, and accompanied Prince Albert II to travel around the cultural and natural scenery of the Republic of Tuva. Riding a rubber raft on the Yenisei River, driving an off-road vehicle for a ride on the mountain road and riding a fine horse on the grassland, Putin is quite cowboy.

　　　　On the banks of Yenisei River, when Putin rose, he simply took off his coat, swung his rod naked and fished, so that his strong body could get in close contact with nature.

　　　　Photographers certainly can’t miss this wonderful shot, and Putin’s semi-nude photos immediately appeared in many newspapers, televisions and websites. The Kremlin also published a set of photos taken by Putin during his vacation on the official website, including a photo of Putin walking naked by the river.

　　　　People are hotly discussing

　　　　Putin’s half-naked appearance for a week has been hotly debated in the streets, newspapers, websites, radio and television, and many women in Russia have even praised the body of the 54-year-old national leader.

　　　　The Communist Youth League Pravda, one of the largest newspapers in Russia, reported that since the newspaper published Putin’s semi-nude photos, a large number of netizens have posted messages on their websites, commenting on Putin’s "robust body", among which many female netizens "exclaimed with joy and did not hesitate to praise".

　　　　Evgeniya Albat, the host of the radio program, was criticized by many female listeners for commenting that the semi-nude photos were inconsistent with Putin’s status as President. Many female listeners also sent her emails to express their appreciation for Putin’s strong body.

　　　　The Communist Youth League Pravda also published a report entitled "Get a Body Like Putin" on the 22nd, in which a fitness instructor described in detail how to exercise a strong body like Putin. On a semi-naked picture of Putin published in the essay, the editor also specially marked the main muscle groups on Putin with arrows.

　　　　For the photo of Putin riding a horse in a tight white shirt, the report said: "The outline (muscle) under the shirt is very clear."

　　　　Sports "cool" will

　　　　Although he is over half a year old, Putin still maintains a strong body, which is not unrelated to his love of sports.

　　　　Putin loves judo very much, and has been practicing it since he was a child. At the age of 18, he has become a master of black belt. He is also a master of Sambo wrestling. He was awarded the title of "Sportsman" in Sambo wrestling and was elected honorary president of the International Amateur Sambo Wrestling Federation in 2005. He also often swims and likes skiing.

　　　　In Russia, where athletes come forth in large numbers, sports are not only helpful for Putin to keep fit. He once said in an interview: "Sports help me form an understanding of the world, people and people."

　　　　"He is cool," said Sergei Markov, director of the Russian Institute of Political Studies. "This is his image during his presidency-cool."

Editor: Li Erqing

With Xia Yiping, CEO of Extreme Yue Automobile, acknowledging the financial problems faced by the company at an internal meeting, and the divestment of Baidu, the future of Extreme Yue seems to have been doomed. Many 4s stores are closed, and the delivery of new cars is delayed. It seems that it is only a matter of time before they fall down.

Xia Yiping, CEO surrounded by employees from Vietnam.

It is definitely not the first brand to fall, and it may not be the last one. In those days, "a hundred schools of thought contend" are few and far between. Let’s review the development history of new energy in China and see which brands have fallen on the road of overtaking in new energy corners.

The first bankrupt new energy brand: Yangtze River

Maybe you’ve never heard its name. But the Yangtze River car was still very serious. Full name of Changjiang Automobile: Hangzhou Changjiang Automobile Holding Co., Ltd. It used to be Hangzhou Bus Factory in 1954. They are one of the largest and earliest manufacturing bases of trams and their special chassis in China. In 2013, Li Ka-shing invested 5.1 billion yuan in Wulong electric vehicle, and the Yangtze River new energy vehicle was born.

As a brand that bought new energy roads very early in China, Changjiang set up companies and factories in Guizhou, Shenzhen, Chengdu and other regions in the early days of its establishment. In just three years, Changjiang Automobile launched four models, including Yiku, Yige, Yisheng and Yizhong. However, sales were less than expected, and new energy subsidies declined. In 2020, Changjiang New Energy Vehicle declared bankruptcy.

The most concerned new bankruptcy energy: Weimar

Weimar, as a frequent visitor to CCTV, had a good strength. Among the four brands of the former new forces, in addition to "Wei Xiaoli", there is Weimar. Weimar, established in 2015, has won the champion of bicycle sales of new forces, and even sold better than Wei Xiaoli. In 2020, Weimar’s cumulative sales volume exceeded 20,000 units, ranking fourth among the new forces in the country. Intelligent driving is also the key technology that Weimar has been working hard to study.

However, since 2022, Weimar has heard many negative news, such as salary reduction, rent arrears, and dealers quitting the network. Although Baidu, Tencent, Shanghai State-owned Investment Platform, SAIC, Sequoia China, hongta group and other groups jointly raised more than 35 billion yuan for Weimar, it did not change the ending of Weimar’s decline. Weimar filed for bankruptcy in 2023, and 110,000 Weimar owners still face after-sales problems.

New energy blackened by charging piles: land ark

Although you should not have heard of this brand, as a regular car company with a total investment of 10 billion yuan, it has gone from "Laotoule" to qualified production in just five years, and Land Ark is really capable. Its branches are also spread all over Beijing, Shenzhen, Shanghai, Foshan, Jiangsu and other places, and there is also a look of recruiting talents. However, in July 2018, a land ark in Shui Mu Huacheng Universiade charging station spontaneously ignited, which should be the first time that ordinary consumers have paid attention to the spontaneous combustion of new energy on a large scale since records began.

Since then, the land ark has been frequently and naturally blacklisted by many charging pile companies, coupled with the subsidy policy, and finally declared bankruptcy in 2021.

The worst new energy cheated: Jiangsu Sailin

An American lawyer with a Chinese face, in the name of building a car, cheated 5.6 billion and walked away. He is still at large, and the initiator is almost a white wolf with empty gloves. This is the story of Wang Xiaolin and Jiangsu Sai Lin.

There is a racing driver named Steve Saleen in the United States, who once set a world record for the speed of cars and founded his own sports car brand. However, due to poor management, it was closed down, and finally a man named Wang Xiaolin bought its right to use in China for 500,000 dollars. After that, Wang Xiaolin first talked about cooperation with the Ordos municipal government, but Hubei felt that this matter was not reliable and gave up. Later, Changsha also entered the negotiation table, but it was cancelled after a year of cooperation.

Finally, Wang Xiaolin found the Rugao municipal government in Jiangsu Province. At this time, the largest new energy automobile base in Jiangsu was completed, and there was a demand for performance, so the negotiations with Wang Xiaolin were extremely smooth. In addition, the launch conference of Sai Lin Bird’s Nest, which cost 300 million yuan, included Jason Statham, Wu Yifan, American Top Gear host Tanner Foust and many other stars. With a wave of his hand, major banks allocated Wang Xiaolin a loan of 2.3 billion yuan. In this way, Wang Xiaolin fled to the United States with huge sums of money and is still at large. Jiangsu Sailin, on the other hand, only produced such an electric car similar to "Old Man Le", which was more expensive than Song Plus DM-I..

Regardless of the success of overtaking in corners, there are 8 companies that have fallen on the road without 10. The icons that have been lit are also dimmed one by one, which is the cruelty of market competition. So who do you think will be the next new energy vehicle company to close down?

From the point of view of sliding back, it incorporates many sharp design elements. Generally speaking, the front face of the new generation of escaping cars has become more atmospheric, and some protruding lines have been added to the hood, which looks quite muscular. The headlights on both sides are sharp, and the internal light groups are patchwork, which makes them bright when lit. From the side of the car body, the new car still has smooth lines with a sense of design, and the tradition of wide C-pillar can be continued. In addition, it is equipped with a 16-inch multi-frame wheel body to make it more sporty. In the design of the smooth tail of the line, this model has shaped the posture of movement, and the design of the taillight shape is also interesting, which is very personalized after lighting.

In the interior of this car, Yidong emphasizes simplicity and luxury. The new car is also equipped with three models of the latest style of Changan Automobile, which makes people feel full of power when driving. The central control is made of soft plastic, and the materials and workmanship look quite satisfactory. It is equipped with a 7.0-inch LCD instrument panel to control the LCD screen, which shows clearly and the design is relatively standard in the whole system. The front row is also equipped with a manual air conditioning control system to freely debug the most comfortable space atmosphere. .

The length, width and height are 4770×1840×1440mm respectively, and the wheelbase has reached 2765 mm. In the same class, the wheelbase of Yidong ranks fourth. The interior space of the car is relatively spacious at the same level, the height and width of the car are ideal, and the legroom in the back row will not feel cramped, which belongs to the upper-middle level at the same level. The escape 1.5T GDI double clutch flagship skylight provides a wider field of vision, which can create a better visual environment and good sensitivity for the rear passengers and increase the light entrance for the whole vehicle. Among the models of the same price and class, Yidong’s trunk volume ranks eighth. The space is relatively regular, without obvious protrusions, and the overall loading capacity is good.

Yidong 1.5T GDI dual clutch flagship adopts 1.5 engine, with maximum horsepower of 170 and peak torque of 260, matching with wet dual clutch (DCT) gearbox. It will definitely bring unforgettable control charm. Ranked 16th among 80,000-120,000 compact car models.

The active/passive safety configuration of Yidong is complete, includingAutomatic parking、Zero tire pressure endurance tire、Automatic parking、Steep slope descent、hill start assist control、knee airbag、HUD head-up display、Anti-lock braking (ABS)、Braking force distribution (EBD/CBC, etc.)、Brake assist (EBA/BAS, etc.)、Traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.)、Active noise reduction、Engine start and stop、Side safety air curtain、Wireless charging of mobile phone、night vision system、LED daytime running lights、Forward reversing radar、Tire pressure monitoring、Steering wheel heating、Body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.)、Rear reversing radar、Fatigue reminder、Remote parking、Child seat interface、Lane keeping (LKAS)Equal configuration.

Among them,Automatic parkingYou can avoid stepping on the brakes for a long time or needing to pull frequently;Steep slope descentCan safely pass through steep slope road conditions at low speed;knee airbagReduce the injury of the car interior to the occupant’s knees in the secondary collision.

In addition to the above description, we can also go to the Easy Car Forum to browse more real car feedback from actual buyers, or use our experience.